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	Breviary
		Their historical origin is as follows: During the earliest period, the president of the assembly, usually the bishop, was entrusted with the task of pronouncing, after the psalmody, chants, and litanies, a prayer in the name of all the faithful; he therefore addressed himself directly to God.
		The history of these origins of the Breviary is still somewhat obscure; and the efforts at research must continue tentatively till a critical study of these manuscript Breviaries has been made on the lines of such workers as Delisle, Ebner, or Ehrensperger, on the Sacramentaries and Missals.
		The commission had adopted wise and reasonable principles: not to invent a new Breviary and a new Liturgy; to stand by tradition; to keep all that was worth keeping, but at the same time to correct the multitude of errors which had crept into the Breviaries and to weigh just demands and complaints.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/b/breviary.html (8414 words)

	BREVIARY - LoveToKnow Article on BREVIARY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The beauty and value of many of the Latin Breviaries were brought to the notice of English churchmen by one of the numbers of the Oxford Tracts for the Times, since which time they have been much more studied, both for their own sake and for the light they throw upon the English Prayer-Book.
		In the Breviary the psalms are arranged according to a disposition dating from the 8th century, as follows.
		The collects of the Breviary are largely drawn from the Gelasian and other Sacramentaries, and they are used to sum up the dominant idea of the festival in connection with which they happen to be used.
	31.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BR/BREVIARY.htm (3830 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Aberdeen Breviary
		A peculiar feature of this breviary, and one in which it differs from nearly every other, is that in some of the festivals of saints the whole of the nine lessons at Matins are concerned with their lives.
		Although the breviary is in its structure and essentials entirely in uniformity with that of Sarum, it is nevertheless exclusively proper to Scotland, and it was, as we know, intended to supersede all service-books issued in connection with the famous Church of Salisbury.
		Four copies of the original breviary (in fl-letter) are known to exist; one in Edinburgh University library; a second in the Library of the Faculty of Advocates, Edinburgh; a third in the private library of the Earl of Strathmore; and a fourth (an imperfect copy) in the library of King's College, Aberdeen.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02777a.htm (772 words)

	Breviary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A breviary (from Latin brevis, 'short' or 'concise') is a liturgical book containing the public or canonical prayers, hymns, the Psalms, readings, and notations for everyday use, especially for priests, in the Divine Office (i.e., at the canonical hours or Liturgy of the Hours, the Christians' daily prayer).
		Mary Stuart's personal breviary, which she took with her to the scaffold, is preserved in the Russian National Library of St.
		Before the advent of printing, breviaries were written by hand and were often richly decorated with initials and miniature illustrations telling stories in the lives of Christ or the saints, or stories from the Bible.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Breviary (462 words)

	BREVIARY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A breviary is a liturgical book containing the public or canonical prayers, hymns, and notation for everyday use, especially for priests.
		Breviaries are commonly used in the Liturgy of the Hours prayer ritual.
		The word breviary also means an abridged version of a text, a brief account or a summary of some subject.
	www.yotor.org /wiki/en/br/Breviary.htm (81 words)

	[No title]
		THE ORIGIN OF THE BREVIARY THE LITURGY, or official public worship of the Church, comprises the holy sacrifice of the Mass, the Sacraments and Sacramentals, and the canonical hours, or official daily prayer of the Church.
		It will be noted that this division of the Breviary into four books is made on the basis of the temporal cycle of the ecclesiastical year, that which varies from year to year, largely because of the five-week variation of the date of Easter.
		The Breviary of Pius X is the standard text at present, though the book is constantly receiving additions as Offices are assigned to the feasts of newly canonized saints.
	www.ewtn.com /library/PRAYER/DIOFFICE.TXT (2919 words)

	Newman Reader - Tracts for the Times - Tract 75 - Introduction
		In their present shape they are appointed for seven distinct seasons in the twenty-four hours, and consist of prayers, praises, and thanksgivings of various forms; and, as regards both contents and hours, are the continuation of a system of worship observed by the Apostles and their converts.
		The Ambrosian Breviary used in the Church of Milan, derives its name from the great St. Ambrose; and in the ninth century Charles the Bald, while sanctioning the use of the Roman, speaks also of the usage of Jerusalem, of Constantinople, of Gaul, of Italy, and Toledo.
		The Fratres Minores (Minorists or Franciscans) adopted the new usage, and their Breviaries were in consequence remarkable for the title "secundum consuetudinem Romanæ Curiæ," contrary to the usage of such countries as conformed to the Roman Ritual, which were guided by the custom of the churches in the city.
	www.newmanreader.org /works/times/tract75/introduction.html (3741 words)

	Tract Number 75
		Were however the Breviary ever so much the property of the Romanists, by retaining it in its ancient Latin form, they have defrauded the Church of that benefit which, in the vernacular tongue, it might have afforded to the people at large.
		The Fratres Minores, (Minorists or Franciscans,) adopted the new usage, and their Breviaries were in consequence remarkable for the title "secundum consuetudinem Romanae Curiae," contrary to the usage of such countries as conformed to the Roman Ritual, which were guided by the custom of the churches in the city.
		He has felt that, since the Romanists required an unqualified assent to the whole of the Breviary, and that there were passages which no Anglican could ever admit, praise the true Catholic portion of it as much as he might, he did not in the slightest degree approximate to a recommendation of Romanism.
	justus.anglican.org /resources/pc/tracts/tract75.html (3671 words)

	[No title]
		Amongst the Latins, the recitation of the Breviary was called the Office (_officium_), that is, the duty, the function, the office; because it is, _par excellence_, the duty, function and office of persons consecrated to God.
		The improved Curial Breviary was imposed on the churches of Rome by the Franciscan Pope, Nicholas III.
		Ferreri's attempt at reforming the Breviary dealt with the hymns, some of which he re-wrote in very noble language, but he was so steeped in pagan mythology that he even introduced heathen expressions and allusions, His work was a failure.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/0/0/5/10058/10058.txt (19454 words)

	Glagolitic breviary of Vitus of Omisalj (1396) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Breviary is a book, comprised of predetermined sequencing of texts (prayers, psalms, excerpts from the Holly Scriptures for particular hours of prayer, writings of church teachers and legends of the lives of saints) from which a priest, alone or together with other priests, prays in a particular time of day.
		Asking for the heavenly help to all who support the making of the breviary with their donations, he mentions, in particular, St. Bartholomew and St. Anthony, which are the patron saints of the two main churches in Roc.
		We know that the final form of breviary, as it was accepted and spread through its church by the supreme church authorities in Rome, was created in the 13th century.
	www.hr /darko/glagoljica/vid.html (1306 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Reform of the Roman Breviary
		It was proposed by a committee of liturgists appointed by Pius X, adopted by the Congregation of Rites, and sanctioned by the pope to go into effect on 1 January, 1913, in accordance with the new rubrics regulating thenceforth the reading of the Divine Office.
		Theirs is the Office to be read as appointed either in the Breviary, or in the Ordo of a diocese or institute, the psalms for Lauds, the Hours and Complin to be taken from Sunday; those for Matins and Vespers from the Common of the Office, unless others specially be assigned.
		Directions are given for conforming the Missal with the Breviary, especially for the Masses of Sundays, Lenten ferias, Collects, and also for conventual Masses.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/16013a.htm (801 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: breviary
		Besides the Roman Breviary, the use of which is immeasurably the most widespread, there also exist monastic breviaries, e.g., Benedictine and Dominican, and books corresponding to the Breviary for those using rites other than the Roman, e.g., the Horologion of the Byzantine Rite.
		The Anglican form of the Breviary is based to some extent upon the Sarum Breviary, a variant of the early Roman Breviary, with later modifications.
		Since the 16th century the Roman Breviary has undergone several revisions in the interest of critical scholarship and in accordance with the traditional spirit of the Liturgy: e.g., the introduction of the revised Vulgate text in 1598; the simplification of the rubrics in 1602; the correction of the hymns in 1632.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/ncd01431.htm (278 words)

	Clare Museum: Riches of Clare: Rosary and Breviary
		The beautiful intricacy of this breviary is a testament to the craftsmanship of earlier times.
		Used by priests, breviaries contain the regulations for the celebration of the Mass.
		Both the Rosary and the Breviary are presently on display at Clare Museum.
	www.clarelibrary.ie /eolas/claremuseum/news_events/ccrosary_breviary.htm (543 words)

	Breviary poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins
		I take the inclusion of these poems in the breviary as an indication of their devotional appeal; that is, as a positive judgment of their potential for nurturing a Christian's prayer.
		It is precisely this understanding of the poems that the breviary authenticates by putting them forward as examples of Hopkins's prayer and as models of prayer for other Christians.
		The foregoing analysis of some of Hopkins's breviary poems is based on their structural correspondences with the three-fold division of Ignatian contemplations and meditations into composition, analysis, and colloquy.
	www.gerardmanleyhopkins.org /studies/breviary.html (2867 words)

	Intro to Breviary
		Originally, several books were required for the celebration of Mass: the Sacramentary for the offíciating priest, the Lectionary for the principal assisting ministers, and the Antiphonary for the choir.
		Though occasionally the Roman Breviary is issued in a single volume, called a "Totum," it usually appears in four volumes each containing the Offices of about one-quarter of the ecclesiastical year.
		It will be noted that this divísion of the Breviary into four books is made on the basis of the temporal cycle of the ecclesiastical year, that which varies from year to year, largely because of the five-week variation of the date of Easter.
	www.breviary.net /breviary/brevintro.htm (2837 words)

	Browse the Western Manuscript Collection: B (continued)
		Single leaf of a fifteenth-century northern French breviary written in a gothic hand.
		Single leaf of a fifteenth-century French breviary written in a small gothic hand.
		Breviary, created in Germany and completed in 1249, in a rubricated gothic hand.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~speccoll/westmss/westmss_browse_b5.html (452 words)

	Anglican Versions of the Breviary, by Thomas J. Williams
		Frequent mention is made of the Breviary Offices, and of the difficulties and problems arising from their use, in Dr Pusey's correspondence concerning the Sisterhood, as well as in the full account of the daily life of the Community written by a former novice.
		This enabled Sister Amelia (later known as "Deane," because of her seniority of years among the Sisters) to make a translation of the Sarum Breviary which, in spite of certain inconveniences of arrangement, has stood the test of time and use and is still the Office Book of the Society for which it was produced.
		The first book of Breviary offices produced on this side of the Atlantic for Anglican use was The Book of Hours compiled by the Reverend Morgan Dix, Rector of the Parish of Trinity Church and Pastor of the newly founded Community of Saint Mary.
	anglicanhistory.org /misc/breviary.html (4489 words)

	Folios from the Mayer van den Bergh Breviary by MINIATURIST, Flemish
		Breviaries are comprehensive prayerbooks intended for everyday use.
		The breviary has been attributed to two of the most important artists of the 'Ghent-Bruges school', Simon Bening and Gerard Horenbout.
		The calendar miniatures, each of which shows the month's rural labours, are the most representative of their type and are by far the best known of the more than two hundred illuminations in the breviary.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /html/zgothic/miniatur/1501-550/06f_1500.html (357 words)

	Liturgy of the Hours
		The Roman Breviary, perhaps as old or even older than the Benedictine, was originally the Office of the canons of St. Peters and the other Roman Basilicas.
		This modified Roman Breviary was then spread throughout Europe by the Franciscans.
		Pope Nicholas III (c.1270) would then adopt this popularized Franciscan version of the Breviary as the Breviary of Rome itself.
	www.ewtn.com /expert/answers/breviary.htm (1572 words)

	artnet.com: Resource Library: Breviary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Breviary of Blanche of France (Rome, Vatican, Bib.
		Breviary of Charles de Neufchâtel, Bishop of Besançon (Besançon, Bib.
		Breviary of Mayer van den Bergh (Antwerp, Mus.
	www.artnet.com /library/01/0111/T011177.ASP (499 words)

	Jenson's Breviary
		A Breviary is a book containing the divine office designed for use by the clergy.
		These are amongst the Breviary's most unusual features: instead of the standard imagery of Zodiacal signs or labours of the months, Petrus has drawn classical heads in roundels.
		Lilian Armstrong has examined many different copies of the Breviary in depth and this interesting research tells us a lot about the varied treatment different copies of one edition received at this time, as well as the sheer scale of enterprise required for turning out hand decorated books.
	special.lib.gla.ac.uk /exhibns/month/apr2002.html (1308 words)

	breviary -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The breviary (Latin breviarium, “abridgment”) as a condensed tome appeared only after the divine office itself was fixed and widely used and after the...
		Specifically, it applied to the rules prescribed for the conduct of religious services as set forth in breviaries, prayer books, and missals.
		However, the survey was untrustworthy due to the corruption of many nobles, clergymen, and government agents.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9016393?tocId=9016393 (655 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Breviary of Alaric
		Breviary of Alaric, also known as Lex Romana Visigothorum (Roman Law of the Visigoths), important collection of Roman laws compiled under Alaric II,...
		Roman Law : legal codes and uniform laws: Breviary of Alaric – Alaric II
		Breviary (Latin for "a summary or abridgement"), in the Roman Catholic Church, the book of instructions for reciting the daily services.
	encarta.msn.com /Breviary_of_Alaric.html (145 words)

	The Anglo-Catholic Breviary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Anglo-Catholic Breviary is not official, though one day I hope it will be used by many people.
		The format follows that of most Missals and Breviarys, with rubrics in red, and the spoken words in fl.
		In the Breviary, I have included the eight-fold structure od the daily offices.
	www.angelfire.com /zine2/breviary (221 words)

	Lit Press: Benedictine Daily Prayer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A new expanded breviary for laity and religious has replaced the former volume that had become on of Liturgical Pressâs most popular books.
		In an attractively designed slip, the new breviary is bund in a leatherette-like cover that will wear well.
		"Benedictine Daily Prayer: A Short Breviary is a boon to anyone seeking a pattern of prayer, personal or public, that combines the familiar structures of the daily office with a rich variety of readings, hymns, and prayers.
	www.litpress.org /Detail.aspx?ISBN=0814628338 (721 words)

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