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Topic: Brezhnev

	Leonid Brezhnev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Brezhnev belonged to the first generation of Soviet Communists who had no adult memories of Russia before the revolution, and who were too young to have participated in the leadership struggles in the Communist Party which followed Lenin's death in 1924.
		Brezhnev's assertion that the Soviet Union had the right to interfere in the internal affairs of its satellites to "safeguard socialism" became known as the Brezhnev Doctrine, although it was really a restatement of existing Soviet policy, as Khrushchev had shown in Hungary in 1956.
		In May Brezhnev visited West Germany, and in June he made a state visit to the U.S. The high point of the Brezhnev "detente" era was the signing of the Helsinki Final Act in 1975, which recognised the postwar frontiers in eastern and central Europe and in effect legitimised Soviet hegemony over the region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev (2492 words)

	MSN Encarta - Brezhnev
		Brezhnev was born in Kamenskoye (present-day Dniprodzerzhyns’k, Ukraine) in the southwestern territory of the Russian Empire.
		Brezhnev lost his candidate membership and was appointed deputy head of the political arm of the armed forces.
		In 1964 Brezhnev was a key actor in the ouster of his former mentor, Khrushchev, who was accused by his party colleagues of sponsoring a variety of poorly planned and unsuccessful projects.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761551585/Brezhnev_LeonidIlich.html (1083 words)

	CNN Cold War - Profile: Leonid Brezhnev
		Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, leader of one of the two most powerful nations in the world, was born to Russian parents in the Ukrainian mining town of Kamensk in 1906.
		Brezhnev himself was one of the primary beneficiaries of Khrushchev's ouster.
		Brezhnev was, above all, a Cold Warrior, dedicated to the ongoing struggle with the United States.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/brezhnev (577 words)

	Leonid Brezhnev, 1906-1982
		Leonid Ilich Brezhnev, was born at Kamenskoye, Ukraine.
		When Stalin died (March 1953), Brezhnev lost his posts on the Central Committee and in the Politburo and had to accept the position of deputy head of the political department of the Ministry of Defense with the rank of lieutenant general.
		Brezhnev was soon promoted to first secretary of the Kazakstan Communist Party (1955), and in 1956 he was reelected to his posts on the CPSU Central Committee and in the Politburo.
	www.historyguide.org /europe/brezhnev.html (862 words)

	A Different Kind of Brezhnev in the Making
		Brezhnev has begun an improbably ambitious political campaign that, to date, has been propelled by little more than the fact that he is the grandson of the somber, stolid man who led the Soviet Union through 18 years of stagnation until his death in 1982.
		Brezhnev recently gathered 100 delegates in a Moscow hotel and announced his plans to lead a new political movement to be known, for lack of a better name, as the New Communist Party.
		Brezhnev, 41, the party is an opportunity to burnish a family legacy that began its slide into disrepute even before the Soviet Union did, and he aims to do so by fighting the inequities that, in his view, have roiled Russia since the old system collapsed.
	personal.ecu.edu /conradtd/pols2010/Fall022010/FALL022010004.htm (1128 words)

	Russia - The Brezhnev Era
		Brezhnev, who took the post of first secretary, may have been viewed originally by his colleagues as an interim appointee.
		But Brezhnev's rise was very gradual; only in 1971, when he succeeded in appointing four close associates to the Politburo, did it become clear that his was the most influential voice in the collective leadership.
		Although a second SALT agreement was signed by Brezhnev and President Jimmy Carter in Vienna in 1979, after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan the Carter administration withdrew the agreement from consideration by the United States Senate, and détente effectively came to an end.
	countrystudies.us /russia/14.htm (2601 words)

	Luba Brezhnev - The World I Left Behind - Detroit Free Press Review
		Luba, the daughter of Brezhnev's brother and confidante, Yakov, was plucked from the backwater of Dnepropetrovsk and whisked to Moscow to take her place among the communist elite's "brat pack" - the favored offspring of the power brokers and party hacks.
		Brezhnev's sorrow and crying fits over his nymphomaniacal daughter, Galina, whom he described as an "open sore" is the most revealing aspect of his life yet published.
		Brezhnev's family was barred from seeing him in his final hours as doctors stood by and did nothing.
	brezhnev.com /revdfp.htm (508 words)

	Leonid Brezhnev
		Brezhnev was born on Dec 19, 1906, in Kamenskoye, Ukraine.
		He was the author of the "Brezhnev Doctrine," which stated that a threat to the cause of socialism in one communist country was a threat to all communist countries.
		During Brezhnev's leadership, Soviet expansion was also seen in the buildup of military might at the expense of domestic prosperity and in the invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, again to maintain a communist government.
	www.fortunecity.com /boozers/ferret/451/profiles/brezhnev.htm (443 words)

	Luba Brezhnev - The World I Left Behind - New York Times Book Review
		Brezhneva exposes the flaws and weaknesses that corrupted Brezhnev and that she believes brought a form of plague and paralysis to his country.
		We learn that he was breast-fed until the age of five; that he was a passable poet, who wept because his wife and two children brought him such unhappiness; that he nearly left his wife for a young doctor; and that he had an illegitimate child by another woman.
		Brezhneva herself admits that she was a naïve witness to the swirl of political intrigue surrounding the conspiracy to oust Nikita Khrushchev in 1964, and other important events of the period.
	www.brezhnev.com /revnyt.htm (1145 words)

	CNN Cold War - Historical Documents: Brezhnev's conversation with Dubcek
		Brezhnev: Sasha, that's true, and we warned you at the time that the rightist forces will not easily give up their positions and that it would of course be impossible to do everything in just two to three days.
		Brezhnev: But surely you understand that this arrangement, this way of fulfilling the obligations undertaken at Cierna and Tisou, will create a completely new situation which we, too, hadn't reckoned with, and that this obviously will compel us to re-evaluate the whole situation and resort to new, independent measures.
		Brezhnev: Sasha, I'd like to believe you, but you must understand me. What troubles me most of all is that you haven't dismissed the three whom we agreed to dismiss, and this leaves a very big question.
	edition.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/14/documents/call (6562 words)

	Brezhnev stagnation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The beginning of this stagnation may be tentatively marked by the mid-1970s.
		It was the time in which social ills like crime and soaring alcohol and drug abuse began to take shape, and also the time in which dissidents within the country began to surface, smbolised by men like Shcharansky and Sakharov.
		The stagnation effectively continued under Brezhnev's successors, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko, until the Perestroika social reform programme was initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brezhnev_stagnation (277 words)

	Temperament in Revolution: Gorbachev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Brezhnev made a minor decision that would start in a fundamental shift in the history of the world.
		Brezhnev, percieved as the tough, all powerful Communist leader of the Soviet Union, had been actually slowly firming up his tenuous control of his leadership.
		Although Brezhnev thought highly of Mikhail Gorbachev, Brezhnev would have preferred to have one of his allies appointed to Kulakov's position of head of agricultural department in the Central Committee.
	keirsey.com /Gorbachev.html (1883 words)

	Brezhnev Doctrine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Brezhnev Doctrine was a Soviet policy doctrine, introduced by Leonid Brezhnev in a speech at the Fifth Congress of the Polish United Workers' Party on November 13, 1968, which stated:
		The doctrine was used to justify the invasions of Czechoslovakia that terminated the Prague Spring in 1968 and of the non-Warsaw Pact nation of Afghanistan in 1979.
		The Brezhnev Doctrine was superseded by the facetiously named Sinatra Doctrine in 1988.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine (189 words)

	CNN Cold War - Historical Documents: Brezhnev-Kissinger talks
		Leonid Brezhnev: Unless we put a stop to this kind of talk in the United States, people will become accustomed to this need, that is, the need to talk to the Soviet Union from a position of strength.
		Leonid Brezhnev: Or Holland or Belgium, or the GDR or the FRG.
		Leonid Brezhnev: So then, after this, we could have a second paragraph couched in the most categorical terms, which would say roughly that the two sides undertake that their delegations will continue their work to convert the provisional agreement into a permanent one.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/16/documents/kb.talks (1878 words)

	Brezhnev
		All of the leadership are responsible for this farce - Malinovskiy, Smirnov, Ustinov, Brezhnev.
		Brezhnev was no there - he was on his way to Baikonur to observe the Tyulpan ICBM exercise.
		Brezhnev has declared that his primary interest is in earth orbital space stations.
	www.astronautix.com /astros/brezhnev.htm (4734 words)

	Brezhnev and Kosygin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Leonid Brezhnev's position of leadership among the 12 politicians sitting in the Presidium was based on his standing as First Secretary of the Central Committee, that is, as the number-one apparatchik in the Soviet realm.
		Another trend that eroded the authority of the apparatchik in the Soviet society was de-Stalinization, which Brezhnev made every effort to terminate and even reverse in the direction of re-Stalinization during the period immediately preceding the XXIII Congress of the Soviet Communist Party of March 1966.
		Brezhnev and other Presidium members refrained from speaking at the congress of abuses committed during the Stalin era; but they also did not try to rehabilitate Stalin.
	mars.acnet.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/russia/lectures/45brezkos.html (1507 words)

	Engology.com, Engineer Leonid Brezehnev,Former President of Russia,Bio
		After the outbreak of the war, Brezhnev served in the branch of the Red Army responsible for political indoctrination.
		He was removed from the Secretariat and assigned to lesser posts, first in the Ministry of Defense and later in the Central Committee of the Kazakh S.S.R. But because he proved to be such a successful administrator, he was recalled to Moscow in 1956 to serve again in the Secretariat.
		The decline of Brezhnev's health was paralleled by the waning solidarity of Soviet power, as was evidenced by an increasing number of dissenting voices within the country such as Andrei Sakharov.
	www.engology.com /eng5brezhnev.htm (745 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Russians remember Brezhnev
		What tends to be forgotten is how Brezhnev became a sick man and a figure of scorn.
		Perhaps the worst part of Brezhnev's legacy was that the Soviet Union continued to slide into poverty after his death because of the inability of the Communist Party leadership to accept reform.
		Brezhnev was replaced by another sick man, Yuri Andropov.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/2438187.stm (398 words)

	RUSNET :: Encyclopedia :: B :: Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich
		Following Nikita Khrushchev's fall from power in 1964, which Brezhnev helped to engineer, he was named first secretary (later general secretary) of the Communist party.
		In 1968, in support of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, he enunciated the "Brezhnev doctrine," asserting that the USSR could intervene in the domestic affairs of any Soviet bloc nation if Communist rule were threatened.
		Under Mikhail Gorbachev, Brezhnev's regime was criticised for its corruption and failed economic policies.
	www.rusnet.nl /encyclo/b/brezhnev.shtml (315 words)

	Leonid Brezhnev
		Brezhnev was born in Ukraine in December 1906 to a steelworking family.
		When Brezhnev was drafted into the army, he was sent to a tank school and later took a position as a political commissar of a tank company.
		Brezhnev publicly derided Dubcek as “revisionist” and “anti-Soviet,” and invoked provisions of the Warsaw Pact to invade the Soviet satellite.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1883.html (1193 words)

	Aha! Jokes > Funny True Stories > Brezhnev at his speech
		Brezhnev, a former ruler of Russia, was thought not to be too bright.
		There was a famous anecdote that the reason Brezhnev's (a former ruler of Russia) speeches ran six hours is because he read not only the original, but the carbon copy.
		In fact, there was a report near the end of Brezhnev's life that he went down to south Russia to deliver a speech on science, and accidently gave the wrong speech - on culture - and didn't even know it until it was over.
	www.ahajokes.com /true019.html (190 words)

	Leonid Brezhnev
		Leonid Brezhnev, the son of a steelworker, was born in Kamenskoye, in the Soviet Union in 1906.
		Brezhnev had come to power in October 1964, as a result of a compromise between the groups which ousted Khrushchev.
		In a political sense, Brezhnevism was nothing but a conservative reaction against Khrushchev's attempt at reforming the authoritarian model of his time.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /COLDbrezhnev.htm (1594 words)

	Red Spring Resource 5: Transcript of Brezhnev's Telephone Conversation with Dubcek
		Brezhnev, that these are very complex matters, which can't be resolved as easily as you might think.
		Brezhnev, that this is a complex question, the resolution of which requires that we convene a plenum.
		Brezhnev, you should resort to all the measures that your CC Politburo believes are appropriate.
	learning.turner.com /cnn/coldwar/redspring/rspg_re5.html (6229 words)

	Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: The Brezhnev Era
		During the Brezhnev era leading writers, scientists, and intellectuals protested certain aspects of Soviet life, especially curbs on the free flow of ideas, corruption in government, and inefficiency.
		Brezhnev declared (in what became known as the “Brezhnev doctrine”) that Communist countries had the right to intervene in other Communist nations whose actions threatened the international Communist movement.
		Brezhnev's foreign policy during the 1970s supported Marxist revolutionary governments in Vietnam, Angola, Mozambique, Somalia, Ethiopia, Grenada, Nicaragua, and South Yemen, but it stumbled in applying the Brezhnev doctrine to Afghanistan.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0861697.html (1513 words)

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