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Topic: British North Borneo

	Borneo - LoveToKnow 1911
		During the occupation of Java by the British an embassy was despatched to Sir Stamford Raffles by the sultan of Banjermasin asking for assistance, and in 1811 Alexander Hare was despatched thither as commissioner and resident.
		British North Borneo Or Sabah Sabah is the name applied by the natives to certain portions of the territory situated on the north-western coast of the island, and originally in no way included the remainder of the country now owned by the British North Borneo Company.
		The island of Labuan (q.v.) was occupied by the British as a crown colony in 1848, and this may be taken as the starting-point of renewed British relations with that portion of northern Borneo which is situated to the north of Brunei.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Borneo (9269 words)

	BRITISH NORTH BORNEO OR - Online Information article about BRITISH NORTH BORNEO OR
		BORNEO OR SABAH Sabah is the name applied by the natives to certain portions of the territory situated on the See also:
		Elphinstone on the east coast; and Dent and Cunliffe in the south.
		Roth, The Natives of Sarawak and North Borneo (London, 1896) ; G.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BRI_BUN/BRITISH_NORTH_BORNEO_OR.html (5518 words)

	BORNEO - LoveToKnow Article on BORNEO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In British North Borneo, and especially in the district of Ternpasuk on the north-west coast, Borneo ponies, bred originally, it is supposed, from the stock which is indigenous to the Sulu archipelago, are common.
		The island of Labuan (q.v.) was occupied by the British as a crown colony in 1848, and this may be taken as the starting-point of renewed British relations with that portion of northern Borneo which is situated to the north of Brunei.
		As is common throughout Malayan lands, the trade of North Borneo is largely in the hands of Chinese shopkeepers who send their agents inland to attend the Tamus (Malay, tmu, to meet) or fairs, which are the recognized scenes of barter between the natives of the interior and those of the coast.
	41.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BO/BORNEO.htm (9706 words)

	North Borneo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		North Borneo was an independent state and British protectorate under the sovereign British North Borneo Company from 1882-1946, and subsequently a crown colony of the United Kingdom from 1946-1963.
		A Governor and Commander-in-Chief was appointed to administer the colony of North Borneo with the assistance of an Advisory Council consisting of three ex-officio members: a Chief Secretary, the Attorney-General, and the Financial Secretary, together with other members both official and unofficial whom the Governor chose to appoint.
		British North Borneo joined Malaysia on 16 September 1963, and is now the semi-autonomous state of Sabah.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Borneo (1384 words)

	cars - Borneo
		Borneo (including the Kalimantan provinces of Indonesia, Sabah and Sarawak of Malaysia, and Brunei) is an island, the third largest island in the world, located at the center of the Malay archipelago and of Indonesia.
		Borneo is surrounded by the South China Sea to the north and northwest, the Sulu Sea to the northeast, the Celebes Sea and the Makassar Strait to the east, and the Java Sea and Karimata Strait to the south.
		To the west of Borneo are the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra.
	www.carluvers.com /cars/Borneo (393 words)

	Australians at War
		British North Borneo was the site of the last operation conducted by the 9th Australian Division during the Second World War.
		The ultimate objective of the operation, codenamed Oboe 6, was the liberation of British North Borneo, which had been occupied by the Japanese since 1942.
		The 9th Division was heavily involved in the reconstruction effort in British North Borneo from July onwards and rebuilt and re-established a considerable amount of civil infrastructure.
	www.awm.gov.au /units/place_1929.asp (251 words)

	SabahTravelGuide.Com, The ultimate travel guide to Sabah, Borneo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		North Borneo's first native hero, Mat Salleh, (not to be confused with the Peninsular Malaysian term for Caucasians), had his first fort at Ranau but was later captured in Tambunan by the North Borneo Constabulary on February 1st, 1900.
		In British North Borneo, "settlements" was the preferred terminology and it was in such places that the new owners of the land installed themselves.
		On the 10th of September, 1945, Lieutenant General Masao Baba, Commander of the Japanese Army (in North Borneo, Brunei and Sarawak and Natoena Islands) was escorted by Australian Soldiers to the Surrender Point in Labuan, and signed the Instrument of Surrender.
	www.sabahtravelguide.com /features/default.asp?page=history (2623 words)

	The North Borneo Railway Project
		The British administrators who came to Borneo were gamblers and adventurers, entering a capricious country of unexplored virgin forests, fatal diseases, pirates and headhunters in which they were to search for riches in its vast natural resources.
		But as the British sold acres and acres of interior land to planters, many found their plot of land in the middle of a tropical jungle with no possible form of communication or transportation available; too far for viable trade and profitability.
		Another goal of the North Borneo Railway is to work with the various communities along the tracks to assist in the development and potential economic regeneration of the area.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /steam/trains/borneo.htm (3309 words)

	NORTH BORNEO FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		North Borneo was an independent state and British protectorate under the sovereign British_North_Borneo_Company from 1882-1946, and subsequently a crown_colony of the United_Kingdom from 1946-1963.
		In 1888, North Borneo became a protectorate of Great_Britain, but its administration remained entirely in the hands of the British_North_Borneo_Company, with the crown reserving only control of foreign relations.
		The British_North_Borneo_Company did not have the financial resources to reconstruct North Borneo after the damage of World_War_2.
	www.witwib.com /North_Borneo (1320 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Borneo
		Sabah (North Borneo) State of Malaysia and one of the four political subdivisions of the island of Borneo.
		Ceded to the British in 1877, it remained the British Protectorate of North Borneo until 1963, when it became an independent state of the...
		BORNEO: THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO Borneo; This lush tropical island is teeming with wildlife, and is one of only two places in the world where orang-utans live in the wild.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Borneo (823 words)

	Labuan History @ LOC :: Labuan Online Community - Malaysia
		North Borneo was liberated from the Japanese Occupation on 10th June 1945 when a Brigade of the Australian 9th Division landed on Labuan.
		In the decade that Labuan was incorporated with North Borneo as a colony in 1946 she had to pay the same tariff conditions as the other ports.
		British royal visitors to Government House were King Edward, Prince of Wales in March 1922, King George as Duke of York and a Duke of Kent.The government offices occupied two large low buildings, roofed with red tiles and piled off the ground.
	www.labuan.net /labuan-history.html (3443 words)

	British North Borneo 1881-1963 (Malaysia)
		British ensigns are officially prescribed to be Post Office Red and Roundel Blue, whose nearest browser-safe equivalents are respectively RGB 204-0-0 and RGB 0-0-102, much darker than in Juan Manuel Gabino's images.
		The 1882-1948 flags were used when North Borneo was administered by a governor and civil service appointed by the Court of Directors of the British North Borneo Company in London.
		When British North Borneo acceded to the Malaysian Federation as the state of Sabah in 1963, the coat of arms was modified.
	www.fotw.net /flags/my-sa_nb.html (1129 words)

	WHKMLA : History of North Borneo, 1918-1945
		North Borneo, because of the Chinese policy to prevent further emigration and because of a sluggish world economy after World War I, saw a rather quiet development compared to the prewar decades.
		British soldiers were interned and badly treated (death marches); in 1943 a group of them revolted.
		In 1931 the population of North Borneo numbered 270,223; in 1936 it was estimated at 285,000.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/seasia/nborneo191845.html (214 words)

	The Invasion of British Borneo in 1942
		The island of Borneo is a land of primeval jungle.
		British Borneo lay along its northern seaboard and comprised the two states of British North Borneo and Sarawak, the small protected State of Brunei, and the Crown Colony of Labuan Island.
		British Lieutenant Colonel C.M. Lane who commanded the battalion was placed in charge of all forces in Sarawak, which included the native Volunteer Corps, Coastal Marine Service, the armed police and a body of native troops known as the Sarawak Rangers.
	www.geocities.com /dutcheastindies/sarawak.html (6331 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Borneo
		Borneo, some two weeks' sail from Singkawang, and of a fourth station at Pamangkat, which is seven hours from Singkawang.
		Borneo into an independent prefecture and entrusted it to the Rev. Charles Cuarteron, a Spaniards.
		Borneo and Labuan to the Soeiety for Foreign Missions of Mill-hill, England.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02687a.htm (790 words)

	Borneo Adventure Official Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was ceded by the 3rd and last Rajah in 1946 to the British Crown and in 1963 it became part of the Federation of Malaysia.
		Known as British North Borneo, the name reverted to Sabah upon the formation of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963.
		North Americans will have to use adaptors which are readily available from the major hotels.
	www.borneoadventure.com /public/destination/destination_info.asp (858 words)

	[No title]
		In 1961, the island of Borneo was divided into four separate states: Kalimantan, an Indonesian province, was located in the south of the island.
		In the north were the kingdom of Brunei and two British colonies — Sarawak and British North Borneo (which was later renamed Sabah).
		Local opposition throughout the Borneo territories was primarily based on economic, political, historical and cultural differences between the Borneo states and the Malayan peninsula, and the refusal to be subjected under peninsular political domination.
	members.lycos.co.uk /lesparkin/borneo.htm (1053 words)

	Danum Valley, Sabah, Mayaysia - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		Prior to 1963 Sabah was the British Crown Colony of North Borneo.
		Occupying the northernmost part of the island of Borneo, it is bounded on the northwest and north by the South China Sea, on the northeast by the Sulu Sea, on the southeast by the Celebes Sea, on the south by Borneo (Kalimantan), and on the west by Sarawak.
		The region came under British control in 1877 when a British trading syndicate, later called the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company, obtained concessions from the sultans of Brunei and Sulu and other rulers in the region.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /danum_valley_borneo.htm (540 words)

	Kota Kinabalu Summary
		Kota Kinabalu ("fort of Kinabalu," formerly Jesselton) is a city on the northwest coast of Borneo Island; it lies between rain forest, mountains, and offshore coral reefs that are a national park.
		Jesselton was razed by the retreating British early in World War II to prevent it from falling into the hands of the Japanese.
		After the war, the British North Borneo Company, unable to finance the huge costs of reconstruction, gave control of North Borneo to the British crown.
	www.bookrags.com /Kota_Kinabalu (908 words)

	Raleigh International -- Malaysia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On September 16th 1963, British North Borneo was renamed Sabah and became a member state of the Federation of Malaysia.
		Their grants were given legitimacy by the incorporation of the North Borneo Chartered Company in 1881 and the founding of Kudat as the capital.
		They refused to agree to British demands for corvee labour and objected to the way bridle paths were built across their ancestral lands without regard for the djinns and spirits of the hills.
	www.raleigh.org.uk /expedition_countries/malaysia/history.html (762 words)

	Sandafayre Stamp Auctions \| Stamp Atlas \| North Borneo
		The settlements were made a British Protectorate in 1888 and Labuan attached to it in 1890-1906.
		The four territories (Brunei, Labuan, North Borneo and Sarawak) were administered as an entity and had general issues of stamps.
		Only stamps of North Borneo and Sarawak were available for overprinting B.M.A., and both series were sold throughout Brunei, Labuan, North Borneo and Sarawak.
	www.sandafayre.com /atlas/nborneo.htm (262 words)

	British Empire: The Map Room: South East Asia: North Borneo
		The island of Labuan was occupied by the British as a crown colony in 1848, and this may be taken as the starting-point of renewed British relations with that portion of northern Borneo which is situated to the north of Brunei.
		In 1898 a composition was made with him, the terms of which were unfortunately not defined with sufficient clearness, and he retired into the Tambunan country, to the east of the range which runs parallel with the west coast, where for a period he ruled over the Dusun tribes of the valley.
		In 1899 it was found necessary by the British to expel him, since his acts of aggression and defiance were no longer endurable.
	www.britishempire.co.uk /maproom/northborneo.htm (680 words)

	Borneo Holidays Malaysia Sabah Travel Friendly Helpful and Knowledgeable
		Perched on the northern tip of the island of Borneo, Sabah is a tropical paradise of natural wonders, scenic beauty, rugged landscapes and cultural diversity.
		Formely British North Borneo now Known as "The Land Below the Wind" because it lies below the typhoon belt, Sabah is a tropical paradise where there is no shortage of good food to enjoy, tranquil places to stay, things to see, activities to do and the mystical attractions and marvels to experience.
		Sabah state, 28,417 sq mi (73,600 sq km), Malaysia, North Borneo, on the South China and Sulu seas, is bordered on the south by Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo).
	www.exquisiteborneo.com (1274 words)

	Sabah - N. Borneo Rail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Built originally by the British North Borneo in the mid 1880’s, it stretched from Beaufort to Tenom and Melalap through the Padas Gorge and to the coastal towns of Weston and Jesselton.
		The North Borneo Railway has a 90 tonne Mid-Century British Vulcan Steam Engine, the last of a fleet of locomotives that have serviced the railways through Borneo since the 1990’s.
		The North Borneo Railway is built and operated to the highest of international standards and safety.
	www.abcmalaysia.com /tour_malaysia/sbh_rail.htm (224 words)

	Sabah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In 1906 and in 1920, the United States formally reminded Britain that North Borneo did not belong to the Crown and was still part of the Sultanate of Sulu.
		Malaysia insists that Sabah is under the sovereignty of Malaysia based on the fact that Baron von Overbeck and Alfred Dent secured agreements with the Brunei Sultanate on 29 December 1877 and the Sulu Sultanate on 22 January 1878, the sultanate of Sulu agreed to lease Sabah to Malaysia.
		The British Crown continued the lease on 15 July 1946, and ceded to Malaysia on 16 September 1963.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Sabah (720 words)

	Industrial Locos Overseas - (5) Borneo
		The British North Borneo (Chartered) Company Ltd. was incorporated by Royal Charter dated 1st November 1881 to take over, from the British North Borneo Provisional Association Ltd., its absolute rights of sovereignty to the northern portion of the island of Borneo.
		North Borneo became a Crown Colony on 15th July 1946, and on 31st August 1963 was officially renamed Sabah when granted internal self-government.
		Rather unkindly, a photograph of CELINE as a typical Borneo Railway locomotive appeared in a highly inaccurate and misinformed article on the railway in a well known British newspaper in 1955, the writer, apparently a woman, never having consulted the Chief Mechanical Engineer to verify her statements.
	www.irsociety.co.uk /Archives/14/Borneo.htm (5361 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was taken over by the British North Borneo Company in 1881, and became a protectorate of the British Empire with internal affairs still administered by the company in 1888.
		The Philippines claims the whole of Sabah as part of the country's territory, based upon the Sultanate of Brunei's cession of its north-east territories to the Sultanate of Sulu in 1703, because of military assitance given by the latter to the former.
		In 1906 and in 1920, the United States formally reminded Great Britain that North Borneo did not belong to the Crown and was still part of the Sultanate of Sulu.
	www.alanaditescili.net /index.php?title=Sabah (728 words)

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