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Topic: British Pacific Fleet

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	Aircraft Carrier - ninemsn Encarta
		By World War II Japan’s carrier fleet was numerically and qualitatively superior to the American and British fleets in the Pacific.
		British carriers were a vital support in actions such as the sinking of the Bismarck.
		All the present US fleet is of the attack class, with capabilities for conversion to use as submarine warfare, utility, and assault helicopter aircraft carriers.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761556962/Aircraft_Carrier.html (602 words)

	The British Pacific Fleet - General RAN History (Sea Power Centre - Australia)
		The British subsequently gave priority to the war in Europe, and the United States Navy (USN) was left to lead the resistance against the IJN in the Pacific.
		As the island hopping Pacific war moved through the Philippines inexorably toward Japan, the British fleet was to operate from a main base to be established in Sydney, with an intermediate base at Manus in the Admiralty Islands.
		As the BPF was to operate upon the great expanses of the Pacific Ocean it needed to support itself far from base, hence the fleet expanded its floating supply organisation, along the lines of the 'Fleet Train' of their American allies.
	www.navy.gov.au /spc/history/general/pacfleet.html (1487 words)

	British Pacific Fleet. Database of the Fleet Air Arm Archive 1939-1945
		The British Pacific Fleet was a reluctant ally in the Japanese war.
		The BPF had tried to develop their supply and repair fleet to American standards, but often had to ask the Americans for fuel or food when the British fleet train process was unable to deliver.
		The command of the BPF was split between Sir Bruce Fraser (fleet operations) and Sir Philip Vian (air operations).
	www.fleetairarmarchive.net /Ships/BPF/Britishpacificfleethomepage.html (530 words)

	British Pacific Fleet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The fleet was comprised mainly of British Commonwealth naval vessels.
		The fleet was founded when Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser struck his flag at Trincomalee as Commander-in-Chief of the British Eastern Fleet and hoisted it in the gunboat HMS Tarantula as Commander-in-Chief British Pacific Fleet.
		The BPF would also have played a major part in a proposed invasion of the Japanese home islands, known as Operation Downfall, which was cancelled after Japan surrendered.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/British_Pacific_Fleet (1217 words)

	Pacific, British, Fleet, Kula, Gulf, Empress, Augusta, Bay, Vella Lavella, Leyte, Sibuyan, Sea, Samar, Engano, Cape, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		British Pacific Fleet - On the 15th, Adm Rawlings signalled from Manus to Adm Nimitz that the British Pacific Fleet was ready to join Adm Spruance's Fifth Fleet.
		BPF's main weapon was of course not the battleships, but the Seafires and American-made Avengers, Hellcats and Corsairs of the carriers' strike squadrons.
		BPF continued attacking the Sakishima Islands as well as airfields in northern Formosa, with short breaks for refuelling.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsPacific2.htm (5771 words)

	CHAPTER 24 With the British Pacific Fleet \| NZETC
		Moreover, Admiral King, Commander-in-Chief United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations, regarded the war in the Pacific as entirely an American affair and was known to have a rooted aversion to a British fleet operating with the Americans in the drive toward Japan.
		The task assigned to the British Pacific Fleet was to neutralise the enemy airfields in the Sakishima Gunto as continuously and for as long as possible.
		Soon after leaving its fuelling area on 10 April, the British Pacific Fleet was instructed to attack airfields in northern Formosa while aircraft of General MacArthur's command struck at those in the southern part of the island and an American task group kept up the neutralisation of the Sakishima airfields.
	www.nzetc.org /tm/scholarly/tei-WH2Navy-c24.html (9549 words)

	APRIL, 1945
		Fast Carrier Task Forces of the U. Pacific Fleet which are participating in the attack are under command of Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher, USN The escort carriers which are supporting the attack are under command of Rear Admiral C. Durgin, USN.
		Concentrations of troops and vehicles fn the southern part of the island were brought under fire by the guns of surface units of the fleet and by carrier aircraft supporting the attack.
		Heavy gunfire from fleet units was concentrated on enemy installations in southern Okinawa during the day resulting in destruction of guns, emplacements, barracks, and small craft.
	www.ibiblio.org /pha/comms/1945-04.html (9131 words)

	Endgame: The Final Strikes on Japan, 10th Jly to 15th August, 1945
		The British were quite anxious that their logitical supply would be unadequate to the tasks at hand; and indeed, it would turn out that only with U.S. support, and a bit of luck, the British were capable of standing up to the U.S. Navy’s operational tempo.
		The British, by coincidence, had their share of heavy ship sinkings too: British raids against land targets by accident found the escort carrier Kaiyo, which in three attacks was destroyed along with two frigates.
		Halsey’s fleet needed resupply and rest, both of which could not be had at sea, and Rawlings’ force was scheduled to return to Manus on the 10th.
	www.microworks.net /pacific/battles/end_of_japan.htm (1787 words)

	History of the RAN Fleet Air Arm
		When the British Pacific Fleet came to Australia in the latter part of the war, about 24 RAAF pilots volunteered to transfer to the Royal Australian Navy Volunteer Reserve (RANVR) and these men subsequently served aboard RN aircraft carriers and at RN Air Stations established in Australia.
		In 1944, the British Admiralty directed certain Naval forces to the South West Pacific area, and this of course necessitated the provision of shore base establishments for the Royal Navy and its Fleet Air Arm in Australia.
		The Fleet Air Arm has in service the SeaHawk helicopter which restored to the RAN many of the capabilities lost when the Tracker Squadrons disbanded in 1983, and is currently negotiating the purchase of 11 Kaman SH.2G(A) Super Seasprite helicopters to enhance the war fighting capability of the new ANZAC class frigates.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-air-support/history-fleet_air_arm.htm (1391 words)

	Fleet Air Arm
		The British naval air arm alone of the major navies' air forces had been subjected to the ruthless doctrine of the indivisibility of air power.
		That the system worked at all was testimony to the goodwill shown on both sides, but the fact remains that the RN slipped steadily from first place in expertise and equipment to a poor third to the American and Japanese who kept their Naval Air Forces under naval control.
		The new Fleet Air Arm was born with obsolescent aircraft and a desperate lack of trained personnel.
	expage.com /page/army4 (402 words)

	The short but brilliant life of the British Pacific Fleet Joint Force Quarterly - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The British Pacific Fleet was massive and today would be the largest navy on the planet, but in 1945 it fought the Imperial Japanese Navy as a component of the U.S. Fifth and Third Fleets.
		In 1944, the British Chiefs of Staff Committee under the leadership of Field Marshal Sir Alan Brooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, forcefully argued that the United Kingdom should take part in the final operations against Japan in order to preserve its close relationship with the United States.
		Fraser was determined to integrate his command into the U.S. Pacific Fleet with as few complications as possible.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0KNN/is_40/ai_n16346114 (708 words)

	Albion's Seedlings: Anglospheric Naval Cooperation in the Pacific in 1945
		The British, at the end of World War II decided that they needed to be in at the kill at the end of the Pacific war, for political and diplomatic reasons.
		The Pacific theatre presented challenges the Americans had mastered through years of hard effort, but which were new to the British.
		The British transferred fuel at sea using hoses that trailed astern of the tankers since they lacked catamarans to keep ships apart and the appropriate block and tackles to sail side by side while fueling.
	anglosphere.com /weblog/archives/000254.html (1591 words)

	BBC - WW2 People's War - An Aussie “Loaner” with the British Pacific Fleet
		An Aussie “Loaner” with the British Pacific Fleet
		From March to May, the British Pacific Fleet was designated as Task Force 57 and given the task of protecting the American fleet during their attack on Okinawa from crack Japanese fighters transiting from Taiwan through the Sakashima Gunto Islands.
		The fleet was under constant attack from kamikaze pilots.
	www.bbc.co.uk /ww2peopleswar/stories/54/a6132854.shtml (1244 words)

	Stories from WWII
		This was quite an emotional time, as the men of the BPF could stop worrying about the safety of their families, who now had to worry about their men still fighting in the Pacific.
		Tokyo Rose made a point of reminding the men of the BPF that while they were fighting "America's war in the Pacific", their wives and sisters were being bedded by the Yanks.
		The first reunion of the BPF, the 50th, was held in Portsmouth, England, in September 1995 and I was the only Yank to attend, among 15,000 attendees.
	www.hbo.com /apps/band/site/client/stories/curated_story.jsp?exid=503 (537 words)

	Task Force 57:The British Pacific Fleet, 1944-45 - by PETER C SMITH
		Formed in 1944 the British Pacific Fleet was to fight alongside the Americans and so was given an American codename - Task Force 57.
		But the Pacific theatre was unlike anything the British had experienced before.
		Peter Smiths volume was the first to fully recount their story and still remains a definitive account of this forgotten fleet.
	www.motorbooks.com /ProductDetails_9354.ncm (250 words)

	Pacific, Java Sea, ABDA, Exeter, Houston, Perth, De Ruyter, Electra, Encounter, Jupiter, HMS, HMAS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		They were soon overwhelmed by the gunfire and torpedoes of the covering cruisers and destroyers and sank in the opening minutes of the 1st March.
		South West Pacific - The ANZAC Squadron was formed in the South West Pacific from Australian cruisers "Australia", "Canberra" and old light cruiser "Adelaide", New Zealand light cruisers "Achilles" and "Leander", and the American "Chicago".
		Until the arrival of the British Pacific Fleet in early 1945, Australian and New Zealand ships were almost the only representatives of the White Ensign in the Pacific.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsRNPacific.htm (4519 words)

	Chicago Boyz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		British and American officers soon learned that the carriers of the Royal Navy stood up to the suicide attacks better than their American counterparts.
		While the British are no longer the greatest military might in the world, it is good to keep in mind that they can still pack a punch (as the Argentines learned twenty-four years ago).
		Part of the reason the British aircraft carriers were better armored was that many were built on battle cruiser hulls from WWI.
	www.chicagoboyz.net /archives/003914.html (1300 words)

	HMS Victorious
		A third rate two decker of 74 guns she was one of the class that formed the backbone of the ascendant British Fleet.
		In response to an American plea for carrier reinforcement, HMS Victorious was withdrawn from the Home Fleet and sent to the United States for a refit to suit her to the conditions of war in the Pacific: amongst other, more warlike, modifications, she was also fitted with an ice cream maker and Coca Cola machines.
		By May 1943 she was ready to join USS Saratoga on operations in the Pacific, and, with the American carrier, provided cover to the fleet assembled for the invasion of New Georgia in the Solomon Islands.
	home.att.net /~b.lockyer/hms_victorious.htm (1145 words)

	Sandcastle V.I. - Carriers: Airpower at Sea - The Great Carrier War / Part 12
		On April 19, 1944, the British carriers launched massive strikes against oil refineries at Palemberg in southern Sumatra, which were the major source of Japanese aviation fuel.
		The USS Franklin eventually sailed across the Pacific, through the Panama Canal, and back to her home port at New York, where she was decommissioned.
		She was attacked by 280 carrier aircraft and after receiving many bomb and torpedo hits, sank with all but 220 of her crew of 2,500.
	www.sandcastlevi.com /sea/carriers/cvchap2l.htm (763 words)

	Avalanche Press
		The Royal Navy felt an urgent need to reinforce their Eastern Fleet, but all of the fleet carriers in the European theater had been sent to the dockyards.
		All of the British carriers suffered kamikaze hits during the operation, although the most serious damage came from an accidental hangar-deck fire on Formidable that destroyed 32 aircraft.
		The British battleships are not the equal of their powerful American counterparts, and the aircraft carriers (though blessed with armored flight decks to repel kamikazes) are much smaller and less capable than the big Essex-class flattops of the U.S. Navy.
	www.avalanchepress.com /prop_leyteBrits.php (707 words)

	WWII: Remembering the Past by Gordon Prather
		With the British Pacific Fleet operating out of Singapore and the U.S. Pacific Fleet operating out of Subic Bay, there was no way the Japanese were going to get any oil (and rubber) past those fleets without a fight.
		The 2nd Fleet was to attack all Dutch, British and U.S. aircraft, air fields, warships and naval installations in the Dutch East Indies, on the Malay Peninsula and in the Philippines.
		The 2nd Fleet was also to support the invasion that day of Malaya and the Philippines by units of the Japanese army.
	www.lewrockwell.com /prather/prather22.html (1939 words)

	USN Ships--USS MISSOURI (BB-63), World War II Actions and Activities
		This conference was held to prepare for the entrance of U.S. Third Fleet and British Pacific Fleet ships into the bays for the Japanese surrender ceremonies.
		British battleship Duke of York is just beyond her, with HMS King George V further in.
		British and U.S. battleships and cruisers are in the background.
	www.history.navy.mil /photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/bb63-l.htm (908 words)

	WW2, Pacific War
		Then the Marianas with the enemy air fleet decimated in the Philippine Sea "Turkey Shoot" and the Japanese battle fleet is destroyed at Leyte Gulf in the return to the Philippines.
		The remaining Japanese fleet is destroyed in the shipyards.
		These are some areas in which I find an interest and that seem little known or of possible help in understanding the period.
	www.ww2pacific.com (465 words)

	Vigour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In "Grand Fleet" Britain was more interested in large numbers of medium-sized cruisers for better coverage of her world trade, but yearned for a Pacific-sized cruiser design to match Japan.
		The rest of the class, commissioned two years later, were equipped with radar-directed guns and accompanied the armored carriers of the British Pacific Fleet when they began their drive toward Japan.
		Though none of the latter three were sunk, they all were heavily damaged by air attacks (undoubtedly mistaking them for battleships, again!) and scrapped after the war.
	www.combinedfleet.com /furashita/vigour_f.htm (266 words)

	Unreal Aircraft - Post-WW2 British aircraft gallery
		Omar spent seven years in the RN Fleet Air Arm and three years at the Empire Test Pilots School at Farnborough in the late 1950's.
		The first of the three British V-bombers (the other two were the Vulcan and the Victor), the Valiant was the first V-bomber to drop a nuclear weapon and was the first to go into action (against the Egyptian airfields in the 1956 Suez Crisis).
		The Royal Navy obtained 402 aircraft under the Lend-Lease scheme, 832 Squadron of the Fleet Air Arm was the first to be equipped with them in early January 1943.
	unrealaircraft.com /fowler/index.php (1928 words)

	British Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers. Database of the Fleet Air Arm Archive 1939-1945
		She did not come into contact with any Japanese forces nor was there ever any serious intention to commit her to combat.
		Indomitable was not properly deployed to the British Pacific Fleet until Nov 44.
		Formidable was with Indomitable in March 1942 but she was kept away from the Japanese carriers as Admiral Sommerville knew that to engage them would mean his outright defeat.
	www.fleetairarmarchive.net /Ships/BPF/BPF_carriers.html (288 words)

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