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Topic: Brodmann area 38

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	Area
		Brodmann area A Brodmann area is a region in the cortex defined by its cytoarchitectonic characteristics.
		Brodmann area 23 Brodmann area 23 (BA23) is a region in the cingulate sulcus.
		BA40 is in the area of the supramarginal gyrus,...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/area.html (4456 words)

	Basal neuroanatomi
		The perirhinal area is in the hippocampal region and corresponds to Brodmann area 35.
		An area in the thalamus anterior to pulvinar and medial to ventro-lateral posterior nucleus.
		Cytoarchitectonically and histochemically defined area in the frontal lobe of the macaque monkey corresponding to subdivision of the frontal agranual cortex, i.e., Brodmann areas 4 and 6.
	hendrix.imm.dtu.dk /services/jerne/brede/worois.xml (2408 words)

	Brodmann area 38 -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Brodmann area 38 -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		Brodmann area 38, or BA38, is part of the (The semantic role of the noun phrase that designating the time of the state or action denoted by the verb) temporal cortex in the (additional info and facts about human brain) human brain.
		BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/br/brodmann_area_38.htm (95 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The medial and posterior portions of the middle temporal gyrus are roughly equivalent to Brodmann's area 21 and are involved in memory along with the hippocampus and amygdala.
		The posterior portions of the middle temporal gyrus (Brodmann's area 37) form part of the temporal-parietal-occipital association area and are involved in associative visual processing.
		The medial portion of the middle temporal gyrus is equivalent to Brodmann's area 20 and is involved in associative visual processing of form.
	www.student.uib.no /~st03006/atlas/materiale/tekst/TEMPORAL.txt (1024 words)

	BASAL AND FRONTAL ACTIVATION NEUROSPECT DEMONSTRATES FUNCTIONAL BRAIN CHANGES IN MAJOR DEPRESSION
		The area 38 of Brodmann corresponds to the polar area of the temporal lobes and is related with emotional cognitive correlations.
		Furthermore, there is also enlargement of the area of hypoperfusion in area 38 in the right hemisphere, in both anterior Cyngulate gyri, area 24 of Brodmann and lastly in the Subgenual region of the anterior Cyngulate, left area 25, all with statistical significance (Figure 4).
		Area 25 of Brodmann is also known as Subgenual and appears in PET studies with diminution of blood flow and glucose metabolism and MRI patients showing a reduction of volume of gray matter in patients with Major Depression.(22).
	www.alasbimnjournal.cl /revistas/3/pradoi.htm (4299 words)

	Apria - resources - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In addition, autistic children had additional significant activation outside the auditory cortex: the left temporal pole (Brodmann's area 38), the bilateral cingulum (Brodmann's areas 32 and 24), the bilateral posterior parietal (Brodmann's area 19), the cerebellar hemispheres, and the brainstem.
		The left middle temporal gyrus (Brodmann's areas 21 and 39) and the left precentral gyrus (Brodmann's area 43/6) (zandgt;3.41, df=28, pandlt;0.001) were significantly less activated in the autistic children than in the nonautistic control children (Figure 1, top).
		The areas found to be less activated by complex sounds in autistic children (Brodmann's areas 21 and 39) are thought to be auditory associative areas that are involved in word processing and are also presumed to act as an interface between word perception and long-term representations of familiar words in memory.
	www.apria.com /resources/1,2725,494-229439,00.html (1466 words)

	Questions
		On this map, he divided the cortex into 52 different areas based on the characteristics of the tissue (e.g., the density of the neurons; the thickness of the cortex; the types of cells).
		The insula is an area of cerebral cortex that is buried within the lateral sulcus.
		The septum pellucidum is a double-layered structure that extends from the corpus callosum to the fornix.
	staff.washington.edu /chudler/questions.html (10163 words)

	primate
		A region of the primate brain's posterior parietal cortex (Brodmann's area 5) processes information received from the primary sensory cortex (Brodmann's areas 1, 2, and 3), relating it to the position of the reaching arm.
		Area 5 receives input from the inner ear's vestibular sense, as well, regarding the head's orientation in space.
		It also hears from premotor areas of the frontal neocortex, which govern the motor plans for reaching, and from the mammalian brain's limbic system (the latter's cingulate gyrus, e.g., keeps area 5 updated on the primate's emotional state of mind).
	members.aol.com /nonverbal3/primate.htm (1046 words)

	Neuronal Hypertrophy in the Neocortex of Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy -- Bothwell et al. 21 (13): 4789 -- ...
		The area associated with the gray or white matter is then multiplied by the thickness of the slice to estimate the reference volume.
		Brodmann's area 38 can be recognized in Nissl sections as an agranular cortex.
		It was estimated that ~100 million neurons are present in Brodmann's area 38 of the anterior temporal lobe (Table 2).
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/21/13/4789 (6833 words)

	Brain and Vision Research Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Brain activity specific to "biological motion" recognition arose in the lateral cerebellum and in a region in the lateral occipital cortex presumably corresponding to the area KO previously shown to be particularly sensitive to kinetic contours.
		Additional areas significantly activated during the biological motion recognition task involved both, dorsal and ventral extrastriate cortical regions.
		In the ventral regions both face-gender discrimination and biological motion recognition elicited activation in the lingual and fusiform gyri and in the Brodmann areas 22 and 38 in Superior Temporal Sulcus (STS).
	www.bu.edu /bravi/research/biol_motion.html (252 words)

	Entrez-PubMed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		From the depressions around the protruding centre of the epithelial surface of the keratoconus cornea, and from the whole epithelial surface of the artificially aged cornea, cells detached themselves, assuming a more or less rounded shape.
		The endothelial surface of both the keratoconus and the aged cornea showed areas of cells with an almost completely disintegrated cell membrane, exposing the cell contents.
		On the endothelial surface of the keratoconus cells were found with a missing cell-nucleus and a perforated cell membrane, due to a 'Kammerwasser Einbruch' effect.
	worm-chip.stanford.edu /human_aging_pubmed.1986.html (8034 words)

	The Laminar Pattern of Connections between Prefrontal and Anterior Temporal Cortices in the Rhesus Monkey is Related to ...
		areas are granular, whereas the caudal orbitofrontal areas are
		areas that are distinguished from the orbital granular areas
		In D, area 36 is located to the left of the lower arrow and area 28 is shown to the right of the upper arrow.
	cercor.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/10/9/851 (8283 words)

	Researchers Identify Brain's Moral Center [Free Republic] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Results from brain scans taken as these judgments were being considered showed that making moral choices was associated with activation of the brain's frontal poles--an area known as Brodmann area 10.
		According to the research team, their findings tie in with previous observations that people who injure this area of the brain may exhibit severe antisocial activity.
		And when the brain's Brodmann areas 10 is subject to strong drug use it is known as "liberalism."
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3911737d2d27.htm (934 words)

	Prediction of Antidepressant Effects of Sleep Deprivation by Metabolic Rates in the Ventral Anterior Cingulate and ...
		Boundaries of cortical Brodmann areas (on right side) and subcortical structures (on left side) for statistical probability maps are shown in yellow dotted lines.
		(Brodmann areas 18 and 19), inferior temporal cortex (Brodmann
		Takkagishi M, Chiba T: Efferent projections of the infralimbic (area 25) region of the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/156/8/1149 (4956 words)

	Limbic Responsiveness to Procaine in Cocaine-Addicted Subjects -- Adinoff et al. 158 (3): 390 -- American Journal of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Areas of significant changes were identified by using paired t tests (p<0.01) for within-group means computed in voxel-by-voxel analyses of images obtained with single photon emission computed tomography.
		Regions of significant activation were corrected for the large number of t tests performed, the lack of independence between voxels, and the resolution of the processed images.
		Areas of significant differences were identified by using unpaired t tests (p<0.01) for between-group means computed in voxel-by-voxel analyses of images obtained with single photon emission computed tomography.
	intl-ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/158/3/390 (5115 words)

	Dysregulation of human brain microtubule-associated tau mRNA maturation in myotonic dystrophy type 1 -- Sergeant et al. ...
		The cortical areas are referred to in accordance with Brodmann’s classification.
		The cortical brain regions are indicated according to the nomenclature of Brodmann and the cingulate gyrus (G. Cing) and white matter (WM) were included in the analysis.
		38 Sergeant, N., David, J.P., Goedert, M., Jakes, R., Vermersch, P., Buee, L., Lefranc, D., Wattez, A. and Delacourte, A. (1997) Two-dimensional characterization of paired helical filament-tau from Alzheimer’s disease: demonstration of an additional 74-kDa component and age-related biochemical modifications.
	hmg.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/10/19/2143 (8140 words)

	Test Chapters 37 and 38
		One group was retrained to use their hand, while a second group was not.
		In the second group, elbow and shoulder areas of cortex expanded into the former hand area
		In the first group, undamaged cortex controlling the hand area expanded into the shoulder and elbow areas
	www.msevans.com /nstests/test37-38.html (308 words)

	Effect of Schizophrenia on Frontotemporal Activity During Word Encoding and Recognition: A PET Cerebral Blood Flow ...
		the occipital cortex (Brodmann’s area 18), and the cerebellum.
		Colored areas exceed an uncorrected p value of 0.005 with 50 or more contiguous voxels activated.
		(38), this region was activated during word encoding and recognition
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/158/7/1114 (6454 words)

	Sex differences in brain activation elicited by humor -- Azim et al. 102 (45): 16496 -- Proceedings of the National ...
		Significance of activation was determined by using the joint expected probability distribution (36) with height (P < 0.05) and extent (P < 0.05) corrected for the whole brain.
		in the IFG at Broca's area (BA 44).
		area (42) and the DLPFC (43) in women.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/102/45/16496?BlogThisQuoting=bq (4158 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Results from the multiple regression analysis of individual frontal and temporal regional metabolic rates that predict Delusion Score, while controlling for overall cognition, are shown in Table 3.
		Metabolic activity in three right frontal regions were associated with Delusion Score: the right superior dorsolateral frontal region (middle frontal gyrus, Brodmann area 8), the right inferior frontal pole (superior frontal gyrus, Brodmann area 10), and the right lateral orbitofrontal region (Brodmann area 47).
		Low metabolism was associated with greater severity of delusions for the dorsolateral and inferior frontal regions, while low metabolism was associated with lesser severity of delusions for the lateral orbitofrontal region.
	www.ps.uci.edu /~markm/sultzer/PET_delusions_AJP.doc (470 words)

	Progressive striatal and cortical dopamine receptor dysfunction in Huntington's disease: a PET study -- Pavese et al. ...
		the above-mentioned areas in the latter (Table 3).
		The areas are superimposed on a standard MRI template.
		); (ii) Brodmann area 38, corresponding to the anterior
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/126/5/1127 (4432 words)

	Specific cognitive deficits in mild frontal variant frontotemporal dementia -- Rahman et al. 122 (8): 1469 -- Brain
		area 9) in monkeys causes a loss of inhibitory control in attentional
		area (Brodmann area 47) may play a role in the `passive' receipt
		the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann areas 46 and 9)
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/122/8/1469 (10173 words)

	List of regions in the human brain Article, Listregionsthehumanbrain Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Human brain image constructed from computer scan data
		Brodmann areas : 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 24, 25, 32, 33, 44, 45, 46, 47
		Brodmann areas : 9, 20, 21, 22, 27, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42
	www.anoca.org /system/systems/list_of_regions_in_the_human_brain.html (148 words)

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