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	Brood X - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Brood X (Brood 10) is one of the thirty broods of periodical cicadas that appear regularly throughout the eastern United States.
		Brood X tunnels to the surface of the ground by the masses every 17 years, to lay eggs and die off in several weeks.
		Its most recent appearance was in the spring and early summer of 2004 throughout an area roughly enclosed by Illinois, New York and Georgia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brood_X (116 words)

	C. Simon: The Periodical Cicada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The ranges of all broods are shrinking so that the overlap may have been greater in the past, but it is also possible that overlap was less in the past and that the cases I have found are the result of invasion of 17-year territory by 13-year cicadas (Lloyd, et al.
		Broods of periodical cicadas within a given life cycle never emerge in the same year by definition, however, isolation of broods within a life cycle is imperfect for the four broods that overlap geographically with at least one other.
		A similar situation exists for Brood VI (1983) and Brood X (1987) in suburban Washington and there was evidence for a four-year acceleration of Brood X in Cincinatti in 1983 (Simon 1988).
	www.eeb.uconn.edu /faculty/simon/cicada.htm (2200 words)

	Brood X cicadas will cause limited damage to trees, yard plants across eastern U.S.
		Brood X's population is densest in southern Indiana, Kentucky and southwestern Ohio, but it has pockets in Illinois, Michigan, Tennessee, New Jersey, Missouri, northern Georgia, New York (Long Island), eastern Pennsylvania (including Philadelphia) and the Baltimore-Washington, D.C., metropolitan area.
		Scientists expect Brood X cicadas to crawl out of the ground and begin the reproductive segment of their life cycle when soil temperatures reach 62 degrees Fahrenheit.
		"Given that Brood X is not going to emerge for another 17 years, this opportunity represents a once-in-a-researcher's-lifetime opportunity to study the impacts of such an event," said Michael Bowers, program director in NSF's division of environmental biology, which funded the research.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-03/iu-bxc032904.php (600 words)

	Cicada Invasion Begins: Eastern U.S. Beset by Bugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The bugs belong to the largest group, or brood, of periodical cicadas—insects that spend most of their lives as nymphs, burrowed underground and sucking sap from tree roots.
		There are 12 broods, or year classes, among the 17-year cicadas and three broods of 13-year cicadas—so that in almost any given year it is possible to find adult periodical cicadas somewhere in the U.S. Every year periodical cicadas will emerge somewhere in the eastern U.S. Some states have several broods in different locations.
		Brood X is expected to emerge in parts of 15 states from New York to Georgia to Illinois.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2004/03/0329_040329_cicadas.html (1298 words)

	Cicada Brood X
		Brood X is gone now, for another 17 years, and our world is mostly unchanged for it.
		In the case of Brood X we are quite lucky.
		Just the same, Brood X perfectly illustrates some of the manipulation we must always be on guard against.
	journals.aol.com /nusance/butterflywings/entries/386 (613 words)

	snarkout: the locusts sang such a sweet melody
		Brood X is about to invade the nation's capital.
		Brood X is the largest population of periodical cicadas to hit the eastern seaboard; the cicadas are entirely harmless and vulnerable to predators, so they've developed a unique strategy for ensuring that they survive to make the next generation of baby periodical cicadas.
		There are twelve seventeen-year broods, each locked to a different cycle, and Brood X, the tenth, is the largest, which means people will be sweeping vast quantities of discarded cicada exoskeletons off their stoops and dogs will be eating themselves sick.
	www.snarkout.org /archives/2004/04/16 (357 words)

	Wildlife: Brood X will sing this year (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This year is an emergence year for Brood X of the 17-year periodical cicada.
		Brood X, for example, is emerging in parts of Illinois, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and nine other states.
		Tales of the sheer numbers of periodical cicadas that emerge in brood years are legendary -- tree trunks and patio furniture covered with shed skins and afternoon choruses that can be maddening.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/04137/317082.stm (661 words)

	Science & Technology at Scientific American.com: The 17-Year Itch -- [ ENTOMOLOGY ] -- Brood X reappears, with ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Brood X is perhaps the largest and best studied of the approximately 15 broods of periodical cicadas (researchers dispute the exact number).
		He will be studying whether Brood XIV members come out this year, four years early, along with Brood X. In 2000 Kritsky also documented an early emergence of some of this year's Brood X cicadas.
		He hopes to be around to observe whether the eggs hatched in 2000 will stick to their new timetable and emerge in 2017--thus establishing a new brood--instead of reverting to the normal Brood X year, 2021.
	sciam.com /article.cfm?articleID=000EACE8-6623-10A9-A47783414B7F0000 (751 words)

	Brood X and Other Election-Year Pests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This year marks merely the fourth coincidence of Brood X with a presidential election since the beginning of the republic.
		The last time Brood X appeared, during the first re-election of Franklin Roosevelt in 1936, there was no Social Security.
		Brood X is not to be confused with the pestilent species we might simply call “the Brooding,” i.e., the insect better known by its scientific name, politicus punditus, which appears at regular four-year cycles.
	www.pacificresearch.org /pub/cap/2004/cap_04-05-19.html (461 words)

	Periodical Cicadas
		Brood X (that’s a Roman numeral “10”) emerged in the central and western parts of Hamilton Co. in 1987, and is due again, in 2004.
		Brood XIV emerged in eastern Hamilton Co., Clermont Co., and east of there in 1991, and is due, again, in 2008.
		Here in the Cincinnati area, the emergences of Brood X every 17 years are well-documented for at least the last 100 years, and we know that they are due, again, in 2004.
	biology.clc.uc.edu /steincarter/cicadas.htm (2690 words)

	Periodical Cicadas in Ohio - Brood X (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Three species of periodical cicadas (genus Magicicada), will appear in parts of west central Ohio during the Brood X emergence in the spring of 2004.
		Based on the year of adult emergence, cicadas are grouped into broods with each appearing during a different year.
		Brood X emergence will occur within the counties shown above.
	www.dnr.state.oh.us /forestry/health/cicada/cicada.htm (519 words)

	The buzz is building for Brood X invasion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The buzz about cicadas started several months ago as local arborists and gardeners started talking about at the coming of Brood X (the Roman numeral for 10), the scientific name for the wave of 17-year cicadas last seen in 1987.
		Brood X is the largest of the broods and promises to produce a bumper crop of cicadas.
		There is one certainty, however, about cicadas: From the moment the bugs emerge from the ground and shed their outer covering, the last two weeks of their 17-year life will have one purpose.
	www.gazette.net /200420/wheaton/news/216323-1.html (1146 words)

	Domestic x Wild Cat Hybrids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Serval x domestic kittens can apparently only survive with human intervention so if nature takes its course, the domestic mother will miscarry the kittens before they are viable or the serval mother is unlikely to successfully rear the under-sized hybrids.
		X and X) and is usually the female.
		Dr Mellon urged TICA to reconsider its support of wild x domestic cat "breeds", but with so many wildcats already being bred for the pet market (where they will most likely be neutered and therefore their genes will be lost completely) the hybrids are a drop in the ocean.
	www.messybeast.com /hybrids.htm (13426 words)

	USNews.com: For 17 years they've been out of sight, out of mind. Now they will be in your face. Get set for Brood X ...
		The first Brood X invasion she experienced, in 1987, left her shell-shocked.
		Accounts of Brood X date all the way back to 1715, says cicada expert Gene Kritsky of the College of Mount St. Joseph in Cincinnati.
		By coming out all at once, in a staggering swarm, Brood X overwhelms birds and other predators, so each individual bug has a good chance of surviving to mate.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/culture/articles/040419/19cicada.htm (592 words)

	Telegraph \| News \| Invaded by Brood X
		As if George W Bush did not have enough on his plate, Brood X started to take over his capital yesterday.
		With a mixture of fear and fascination, Washingtonians prepared for an infestation of Biblical proportions as the first of a swarm of billions of cicadas emerged after 17 years underground.
		There are many species of periodical cicadas, but Brood X is by far the largest and most numerous, and its visitations are rites of passage for veteran Washingtonians.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/05/12/wbug12.xml (528 words)

	GNN - Cicadas Are Right on TimeBut Why? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This cicada is part of Brood X, which is emerging this week in the Eastern United States.
		Brood X, for example, senses when the soil temperature underground has warmed to an ideal 64 degrees F. The insects have “inborn molecular clocks” that are ticking based on environmental cues, says Chris Simon, who studies ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of Connecticut in Storrs.
		The answer should emerge before the next generation of Brood X. “If they’re having a negative effect on tree growth, we should be able to detect it before 17 years have passed,” says Clay.
	www.genomenewsnetwork.org /articles/2004/05/11/cicada.php (754 words)

	Brood-X
		Brood X. 17-year periodical cicadas are beginning to poke their heads out of their cicada holes; crawl up trees, houses, and anything that holds still; molt into their mature (dark, red-eyed, big!) forms; and (soon) 'sing'.
		I've started this little tightly-focused weblog in order to chronicle this particular "invasion" of Brood X. I'll be posting pictures, links, and commentary about life in the midst of the Brood.
		A single-purpose weblog devoted to tracking the appearance and impact of the notorious Brood X 17-year cicadas in the Washington DC metro area.
	brood-x.blogspot.com (503 words)

	Ladies & Gentlemen! Brood X!
		By July, Brood X will be gone--not to be heard from again for 17 years.
		Scientists say this year's batch of the red-eyed insects, known as Brood X, is the largest of the cicada groups that appear at various intervals.
		Brood X" specimens had to seek medical treatment when the bug grub experiment caused a powerful allergic reaction.
	www.stargeek.com /item/121210.html (1503 words)

	USATODAY.com - Brood X files: The cicada watch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The invasion of Brood X, the largest group of periodic cicadas, is in its early stages and, depending on your perspective, the appearance of the red-eyed bugs is either a wonder of nature or a disgusting, messy nuisance.
		Brood X has emerged and is fascinating, or freaking out, much of the Eastern U.S. By Jym Wilson, USA TODAY
		The Brood X cicadas won't return until 2021.
	www.usatoday.com /news/science/2004-05-23-cicada-usat_x.htm (345 words)

	Forest Health Fact Sheet - Periodical Cicada - PA DCNR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For ease of reference, populations, or broods, were designated with Roman numerals in 1893.
		One brood that emerges in Pennsylvania, brood X, often called "the great eastern brood", is scheduled to emerge in 2004.
		Brood X affects more counties than any other brood, and generally is higher in concentration than the other broods affecting Pennsylvania.
	www.dcnr.state.pa.us /forestry/leaflets/pcicada.htm (741 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		I have found that the Periodical Cicada broods in the Mid-Atlantic states tend to fit together like puzzle pieces and while 2 broods may occur in the same county, I have not found them to overlap.
		But, based on all the historical, literature and museum specimens for the past 100 years, Brood X should not occur below a line from Fort Washington to Upper Marlboro to Harwood in Southern Maryland.
		On the Eastern Shore, Cecil and northern Kent counties will experience Brood X. All areas of the Eastern Shore below Kent county, expect for one area in Talbot county (There are records of an isolated pocket of Brood X in Talbot county, Maryland), will not experience the emergence of Brood X this year.
	www.cicadas.info /m.htm (334 words)

	Brood X
		Brood X has been in the news recently.
		The 17 year periodic cicada that is emerging this year is named Brood X. You would think that the emergence of millions of insects at one time would not be a lot of fun.
		May you enjoy the emergence of Brood X and learn something at the same time.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/science_surfing/109194 (401 words)

	The University of Arizona Press -- O (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		304 pp., 6 x 9, 3 illus., 2005.
		239 pp., 6 x 9, 58 illus., 1995.
		172 pp., 8 1/2 x 11, 100 duotones, 2005.
	www.uapress.arizona.edu /catalogs/byauthO.htm (282 words)

	randomWalks: brood x
		This particular consort of periodical cicadas is known as "Brood X," which gives them the swaggering air of genetically engineered minions of evil.
		The last time Brood X surfaced, their tymbals generated a remarkable collective whir, and my dog gobbled their shed skins as if they were popcorn.
		This particular consort of periodical cicadas is known as "Brood X," which gives...
	www.randomwalks.com /archive/2004/03/brood_x.php (258 words)

	Brood X in print
		The story went on to educate readers about the three different breeds of cicada that make up Brood X and that each breed has its very own 'song' that is different from the usual cicada noise that we hear every other year.
		Pesticides do not work on Brood X. Their life cycles during their above-ground appearance are moving too quickly for chemicals to have any effect on them.
		Brood X has only appeared twice in his entire life, once as an infant and again now as a young adult.
	journals.aol.com /nusance/butterflywings/entries/391 (168 words)

	Cicada Help
		A group of periodical cicadas that live in a specific area, often covering parts of several states, emerge at the same time and are known as a brood.
		There are at least 30 known broods, and Brood X, which emerges this year, is the most spectacular and occurs over a large part of the mid-Atlantic region and parts of the Midwest.
		It is thought that periodical cicadas evolved the curious habit of appearing in synchronized broods to overwhelm their predators.
	www.usna.usda.gov /Gardens/faqs/CicadaNet.html (624 words)

	Faith in Nathan: Welcome home, Brood X! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Faith in Nathan: Welcome home, Brood X! « Ignoring those worthy of it
		I've waited 17 years, but finally Brood X is preparing to return, much to my delight.
		I think six years old is the perfect age to be visited by humongous swarms of cicadas.
	www.ngng.co.il /archives/000801.html (218 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Billions of cicadas set to plague US
		But 2004's crop of red-eyed, winged insects, ominously referred to as Brood X, is special, says Michael Schauff of the Agricultural Research Service's Systematic Entomology Laboratory in Beltsville, Maryland.
		"Brood X is the largest single emergence of the species," he says.
		He points out that the enormous size of the brood also is an effective adaptation.
	www.newscientist.com /news/news.jsp?id=ns99994916 (646 words)

	Brood X by Rev. J.D. Hooker 0403
		This year however the really big story (at least for fisherfolk east of the Mississippi) is Brood X, which seems to be garnering very little, if any, mention at all, outside of a few rather arcane and scholarly scientific publications.
		To help you take advantage of this "once in a lifetime" fishing opportunity, the Conservation Departments in nearly every state in the Brood X emergence area will soon be publishing literature on the matter.
		And a simple telephone call to the State Conservation office with a request to speak with their entomologist should find you with plenty of help in working out a prime fishing timeline for any state in which you might be interested in fishing.
	www.backwoodshome.com /articles2/hooker0403.html (922 words)

	Vanguard of Brood X Marks Its Spot: All Over (washingtonpost.com)
		He has been planning to track this year's emergence of Brood X -- the X stands for 10 under a system for naming 17-year and 13-year cicada broods devised by a federal bureaucrat -- but a business trip for his day job is taking him away from the region this week.
		A brood of 17-year cicadas emerges in the eastern United States nearly every summer, and Brood X is the largest, ranging across 15 states from New York to Missouri and as far south as Georgia.
		In Cincinnati, another urban hub of Brood X's multi-state patch, entomologist Gene Kritsky reported yesterday that there was "nothing heavy yet." Scattered cicadas have emerged but not on the order of Michael Raupp's hundreds-per-tree observation.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A16031-2004May10.html (1088 words)

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