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	Early Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1878 to 1913
		Brooklyn suburbs were areas such as Midwood, Bensonhurst, and if you were wealthy and didn't mind a long ride, the ocean areas of Brighton Beach, Manhattan Beach and Coney Island.
		This is the story of the rise of rapid transit in Brooklyn, including the early days of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit, from 1878 until the signing of the Dual Contracts in March of 1913.
		The former terminal became a freight operation that was operated by the South Brooklyn Railroad, a BRT subsidiary.
	www.nycsubway.org /articles/earlyrapidtransitinbrooklyn.html (8698 words)

	Lower Manhattan Development Corporation
		In April 2003, a set of priority projects to restore Lower Manhattan's transportation infrastructure and lay the foundation for the area's future growth was announced.
		The blueprint, Lower Manhattan Transportation Strategies, addresses the steps needed to create a world-class regional and airport access system linking Lower Manhattan to Long Island and all three of the area's major airports, and revitalize downtown's antiquated and damaged transportation network, as well as identifying other critical projects.
		Lower Manhattan is in the position to provide connections to all three area airports.
	www.renewnyc.com /plan_des_dev/transportation (1811 words)

	BMT Lines History
		The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company was incorporated in 1896 and by 1900 as a result of mergers and aquisitions it had aquired control of all of these companies (and more).
		On March 19, 1913 the City entered into contract with the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and the New York Municipal Railway Co. (BRT) to expand and improve existing rapid transit facilities and construct new subway lines to be operated by these companies.
		The BRT was reorganized in 1923 as the Brooklyn Manhattan Transit Corporation (B.M.T.).
	www.bmt-lines.com /history.html (2935 words)

	CNN.com - Transit strike leaves New Yorkers out in cold - Dec 21, 2005
		New York's Taylor Law forbids transit workers from striking, and the city and state pressed the judge to impose hefty penalties.
		City Corporation Counsel Michael Cardozo said employees on strike will lose three days of pay for every day they are not at work, instead of the penalty of a two-day pay loss imposed by the city.
		A major sticking point leading up to the strike was a transit authority offer that called for new hires to pay more than current employees for health care.
	www.cnn.com /2005/US/12/21/nyc.transit/index.html (875 words)

	New York Press - WILLIAM BRYK -
		At the yard, he was given a train, four of whose five cars were at least 30 years old, each car with a steel underframe and a wooden body and roof.
		Brooklyn Gas Company and Brooklyn Edison Company also sent gangs of men with searchlights to illuminate the site.
		In 1923, the BRT was reorganized as the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation–the BMT.
	www.nypress.com /15/52/news&columns/oldsmoke.cfm (1842 words)

	New York Subway
		The expansion of rapid transit was greatly facilitated by the signing of the Dual Contracts in 1913 between the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and the City of New York on the one hand, and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company and the City of New York on the other.
		The Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation or BMT was a holding company that operated both elevated trains (els) and subways through its subsidiary New York Rapid Transit Corporation, mostly within Brooklyn or connecting Brooklyn to Manhattan and Queens.
		Several Brooklyn lines extend into Queens, and these are elevated, except for the final station on the Myrtle Avenue Line, which is on the surface, and the last two stations of the Jamaica Avenue Line, which is in a new (1989) subway.
	en.mcfly.org /New_York_Subway (3960 words)

	BRIC / Brooklyn Information & Culture :: The Rotunda Gallery >> KidsArt 2003
		The Brooklyn Historical Society (128 Pierrepont St., Brooklyn, NY 11201) is a museum, library and history center dedicated to encouraging the exploration and appreciation of Brooklyn's rich heritage.
		Located in Brooklyn Heights, just over the Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges, all KidsDay locations are a short walk from the 2,3; 4,5; M; N or R trains at the Court Street/Borough Hall station; or the A, C trains at High Street.
		The New York Transit Museum's educational programs are made possible in part by funding from the New York State Council on the Arts, New York City Department of Cultural Affairs, The New York Times Company Foundation, more than 130 corporations and businesses, and members of the Transit Museum.
	www.brooklynx.org /rotunda/kidsart04/kidsday2004.asp (1042 words)

	Brooklyn Borough President
		Marty pointed out that Brooklyn has the most transit riders of any borough --- and any county in the nation -- yet the TA's capital plan is largely focused elsewhere.
		Marty told Reuter that since many millions of additional square feet of new commercial office space is anticipated in Downtown Brooklyn, together with more new housing and expanded higher education facilities, subway stations must be upgraded to improve the accessibility of Downtown Brooklyn and accommodate ridership growth.
		Lighten Up Brooklyn, Borough Hall's campaign to encourage Brooklynites to slim down, was set to be kicked-off on April 16th as Borough President Markowitz was to be publicly weighed at the Borough Hall Rotunda.
	www.brooklyn-usa.org /Pages/OIB/OIB_02/Onlyinbrklyn4.16.htm (1043 words)

	The Road to the Transit Museum Page 3
		Extensively rebuilt for use by rapid transit stock, the torturous trail to operation finally ended when the line was opened in 1915, between Grand Central Station and Vernon-Jackson Avenues.
		Perhaps the BRT was suffering from the unbroken string of victories it had enjoyed for nearly a decade, or it might have been that the BRT's bankruptcy and receivership did not allow them the luxury of such an expenditure, but the BRT refused the offer, took the matter to court and lost.
		It was not until 1923 and after the BRT had succumbed and become the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT), that service was inaugurated by the Brooklyn transit company along the Queens lines.
	thethirdrail.net /0011/64wf3.html (630 words)

	New York Transit Museum - Teacher Resource Center - History of Public Transportation in New York City
		This vast territory, centered on Manhattan Island and New York Harbor, was first tied together — and defined as a region — by railroads and steamboat lines in the 1830s and 1840s.
		More than 700 buses were purchased for the Manhattan conversion in 1935-36 that established the standard in bus design, with two doors, a rear-mounted engine and transmission, and a hoodless front end.
		New York City Transit was created by the New York State Legislature in 1953 and became part of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority when the MTA was created in 1968.
	www.transitmuseumeducation.org /trc/background (1892 words)

	Downtown Brooklyn - New York City Department of City Planning
		The Department of City Planning and the NYC Economic Development Corporation (EDC), in partnership with the Downtown Brooklyn Council (DBC), a local business organization, are proposing a new comprehensive development plan to facilitate the continued growth of Downtown Brooklyn.
		Because of its close proximity to lower Manhattan and excellent local and regional mass transit access, Downtown Brooklyn occupies a valuable and unique position in New York City as a competitive, back-office alternative to New Jersey.
		Generally bounded by Tillary Street to the north, Ashland Place to the east, Atlantic Center and Schermerhorn Street to the south, and Court Street to the west, it is a diverse area with a high concentration of major office buildings, regional stores, residential buildings, government offices and a number of major academic and cultural institutions.
	www.nyc.gov /html/dcp/html/dwnbklyn2/dwnbklynintro1.shtml (275 words)

	NYCDOT - Lower Manhattan Traffic and Transit Information (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For comprehensive information on Lower Manhattan, please visit www.LowerManhattan.info which includes information for area residents, workers and visitors on topics including transportation and transit, health, safety and security; rebuilding plans and progress; assistance and incentives; community involvement opportunities; things to do; and Lower Manhattan history.
		This Brooklyn Ferry run, from the Brooklyn Army Terminal on 58th Street, Sunset Park, Brooklyn, to Pier 11, Wall Street, in lower Manhattan, was created in the aftermath of the September 11th tragedy, as transportation officials needed to develop an alternative to the Gowanus Expressway and a then-compromised subway system.
		Ferry service between Lower Manhattan and various points in Queens, Brooklyn, the East Side and West Side of Manhattan, and New Jersey is provided by New York Waterway, Seastreak, NY Water Taxi and Liberty Water Taxi.
	www.nyc.gov /html/dot/html/motorist/emergencyinfo.html (590 words)

	Lower Manhattan : News \| Moving Closer to an Airport/Long Island Rail Link
		With President Bush backing the proposal, Lower Manhattan could now be closer than ever to the creation of a direct rail link to JFK International Airport and Long Island.
		To stimulate future economic growth downtown, the mayor and governor have asked the federal government to allow New York to "cash in" the unused portion for funds that can be spent instead on improving the downtown transportation infrastructure.
		The Lower Manhattan Development Corporation spearheaded a study with partners the PANYNJ, Metropolitan Transit Authority, and New York City Economic Development Corporation, which was recently completed and confirmed that the new rail line is fully feasible.
	www.lowermanhattan.info /news/moving_closer_to_an_99195.asp (1005 words)

	The Third Rail Online Magazine of Rapid Transit Index
		Not included in the expanded system was New York's "forgotten" borough and the Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway Company and its 22 route miles of electric lines, which stayed with its parent Baltimore and Ohio Railroad for another 31 years.
		Mention of rapid transit on New York's Second Avenue usally leads to a discussion of the unbuilt Second Avenue Subway.
		The Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation's influence extended far beyond the borders of its namesake borough, New York City, or even the U.S. One of the outposts of its pioneering spirit was the Soviet Union, in what was then Leningrad.
	www.thethirdrail.net /index.html (662 words)

	MTA NYC Transit - Info
		From the original 28 stations built in Manhattan and opened on October 27, 1904, the subway system has grown to 468 stations, most of which were built by 1930.
		Over the past 20 years, NYC Transit has rehabilitated or upgraded almost half the stations in the system, making sure to rebuild the distinctive tile mosaics of the stations.
		The NYC Transit subway system uses enough power annually to light the city of Buffalo for a year.
	mta.info /nyct/facts/ffsubway.htm (556 words)

	A Brief History of New York Transportation (Gotham Gazette, June 9, 2003)
		On May 24, the Brooklyn Bridge over the East River opens, connecting Manhattan and Brooklyn.
		The Manhattan Bridge is completed, connecting Canal Street in Manhattan and Flatbush Avenue in Brooklyn over the East River.
		New York City subways and buses stop accepting tokens, as MTA New York City Transit hikes fares on its buses and subways by 33 percent from a $1.50 to $2.00.
	www.gothamgazette.com /article/issueoftheweek/20030609/200/419 (1443 words)

	Newman Library : Digital Collections : Subway University : Getting to College
		The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company was a union formed in 1896 of up to 60 horse car, cable railways, trolleys, elevated routes, and short haul railroad companies operating in Brooklyn.
		The lines transported passengers to the Brooklyn Bridge, and from 1903 onto the Williamsburg Bridge in East New York.
		The company changed its name in 1923 to the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation and its "BMT" subway routes are today known as the J,M,N,R and Z trains.
	newman.baruch.cuny.edu /digital/2000/subway/getting_to_college.htm (333 words)

	Brooklyn and Queens Transit Corporation
		Although MTA New York City Transit is in charge of all subway service and most bus service in New York City today, rapid transit routes and surface lines were originally managed by private companies.
		On September 24, 1883 a Brooklyn Bridge cable powered railway was opened between Park Row, New York City and Sands Street in the City of Brooklyn.
		In 1940, the City of New York acquired all of the assets of the Brooklyn and Queens Transit Corporation.
	www.scripophily.net /brookandquee.html (1744 words)

	MTA Home Page
		The annual Holiday Train show opens at the Transit Museum Gallery and Store in Grand Central Terminal (next to the Station Master’s Office) on Monday, November 18.
		The free exhibit runs through January 13, 2008.
		A public-benefit corporation chartered by the State of New York.
	www.mta.info (69 words)

	An open letter to Frank Gehry. - By Jonathan Lethem - Slate Magazine
		Your presence is intended to appease cultural tastemakers who might otherwise, correctly, recognize this atrocious plan for what it is, just as the notion of a basketball arena itself is a Trojan horse for the real plan: building a skyline suitable to some Sunbelt boomtown.
		In a sop to tabloid-level discourse, Ratner's PR stance suggests that to stand against this specific proposal is to stand generally against bringing jobs, housing, and sports to Brooklyn.
		Your signature buildings elsewhere suggested that Brooklyn might be beneficiary of a single rippling arena, a kind of Guggenheim of basketball.
	www.slate.com /id/2143634 (2430 words)

	The American Experience/Technology/New York Underground/Beyond the IRT
		While Manhattan's newest transit system was a gold mine for August Belmont and his IRT, it fell far short of meeting the needs of all commuters.
		The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) operated a profitable network of streetcars and elevated railroads in Brooklyn--a network that it now proposed be extended into Manhattan as part of subway expansion.
		In 1994, ninety years after the $35 million IRT made its debut under the sidewalks of Manhattan, the MTA approved $17.2 billion for improvements to the existing system--and for an extension of the 63rd Street Tunnel.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/technology/nyunderground/beyondirt.html (1427 words)

	Notes on the Collection of Transfers, Chapter 7
		Another case to be considered is that of new lines acquired by a company but not yet assimilated, as the Easton (Pa.) lines of the Lehigh Valley Transit Company, which still has its own forms and issues of transfers, and its separate cars bearing the old monogram of the Easton Transit Company.
		The forms are fairly uniform throughout, and use the same sort of paper and are printed m the same type; some of the Westchester County forms are differently arranged, but the back belongs to the standard Third Avenue form.
		The most complicated case is that presented by the transportation companies in Brooklyn, N. Here one may find several companies operating trolley cars and rapid transit (subway and elevated) lines, and issuing transfers carrying the initials of these companies.
	www.sidis.net /Trans7.htm (2649 words)

	Transit Authority - January 21, 2005 - The New York Sun
		The subway system started out as a private enterprise that expanded to include several private companies, which were bought and consolidated by the city in 1940 under the Board of Transportation, which was succeeded in 1953 by the New York City Transit Authority.
		They are also called Division A. BMT trains were initially built and operated by the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation.
		IND is short for the Independent City Owned Rapid Transit Railroad, which began rolling in 1932.The line, as its name would suggest, has always been operated by the city.
	www.nysun.com /article/8025 (532 words)

	Starts and Fits
		In 1907, 426,000 trips were made each day across the bridge via two tracks of streetcar lines, two tracks of elevated subway trains, on foot, and on two lanes for vehicular traffic — in those days horses, carriages and horseless carriages.
		When the streetcar lines and the elevated subways were demolished, the people were decanted out into the green spaces surrounding the city, and the suburbs of the modern sprawling metropolis were born.
		Some people call the years after World War II the start of the Cheap Oil Bonanza, and believe that the end of this bonanza may now be beginning.
	www.startsandfits.com /2005/09/retrofitting-bridges-for-inefficiency.html (694 words)

	BROOKLYN MOVERS
		If you are just looking for a moving company to deliver you moving boxes for your upcoming move, please make sure you state this in the remarks options when you are done filling your information in your moving estimate form.
		Make sure the weight or cubic foot being quoted is also accurate and similar between the moving companies and van lines.
		Manpower Trucking CO Brooklyn Navy Yard, Brooklyn, NY 11201
	www.freemovingquote.com /movers/brooklyn-movers.html (612 words)

	Coney-Transportation
		The Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Railroad initially ran to Bath Beach (where 18th Avenue meets the shore of the Lower Bay, north of Coney Island) in 1864.
		The line, which ran from 25th and 5th Avenue in Brooklyn, where it connected to horsecars, was extended to Coney Island in 1867.
		The railroad, which offered direct service with Manhattan, was narrow gauge at first and had two terminals: Bay Ridge with its steamers to Lower Manhattan on the Hudson side, and at Greenpoint.
	www.westland.net /coneyisland/articles/transportation.htm (3737 words)

	Lower Manhattan : Envisioning the Future \| Looking Ahead \| Airport Rail Link from Lower Manhattan to JFK
		All relied on using part of the Long Island Rail Road between the Jamaica and Atlantic terminals as a means to extend the JFK AirTrain to downtown Brooklyn.
		Once in Manhattan, the rail line would stop at the proposed Fulton Street Transit Center or the World Trade Center's transportation hub.
		In May 2004, Pataki announced the results of the coordinated study, recommending that the best approach would be to build a new tunnel under the East River between Brooklyn and Lower Manhattan, creating direct service from the World Trade Center to the Long Island Rail Road’s Jamaica Station.
	www.lowermanhattan.info /future/looking_ahead/transportation/airport.aspx (766 words)

	Friendster - Q Train
		By 1900, through a series of mergers and acquisitions, the Brooklyn Rapid Transit company has gained control the Kings County Elevated (and the Brighton Line), along with almost every other railroad, elevated and streetcar line in Brooklyn, with the exception of some LIRR routes.
		In 1918, the connection to the Manhattan Bridge via subway was not yet built, and the line between Fulton/Franklin and Prospect Park was not yet improved to Dual Contracts standards.
		Until the mid-20s, a parallel service to the old Sheepshead Bay race track and Manhattan Beach was provided by the LIRR and branched off from the (today) South Brooklyn freight line that crosses under the Brighton Line between Avenues H & I. The racetrack covered an area which extended approximately from Ave.
	www.friendster.com /8824666 (2689 words)

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