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	Brown-water navy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The brown-water navy is generally defined as one with patrol boats operating in rivers, lakes, and littoral regions.
		The U.S. Navy was assigned the blockade of the seaports, while a new force of gunboats and river ironclads, together with regular army units, would take, or at least lay siege on, the Confederate forts and cities along the Mississippi.
		The brown-water navy was a joint venture between the Navy and Army modeled after the earlier French Riverine and coastal patrols in the First Indochina War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brown_water_navy (685 words)

	U.S. 'Brown Water Navy" becomes History
		In the four years since its inception, the Brown Water Navy fought thousands of brief but bloody battles for control of large water-bound areas of Vietnam's rice bowl and of major enemy supply routes from Cambodia.
		Speaking of his Brown Water Sailors in 1969, during his term as Commander of Naval Forces in Vietnam, Adm. Elmo R. Zumwalt Jr., now Chief of Naval Operations said "they are tigers in every respect.
		Describing the mood of a Brown Water Patrol, an enlisted man who served on a "Swift" boat in the delta earlier this year said, "you sometimes felt kind of stupid.
	www.usssatyr.com /brown_water.htm (620 words)

	Navy Art Gallery exhibit: The Vietnam Experience
		Shore-based Navy helicopters operated in support of the brown water Navy, and Navy SEALs (Sea, Air and Land) conducted hazardous special operations along the waterways of the Republic of Vietnam.
		Navy Mobile Construction Battalions (Seabees) continued their tradition of expert military engineering in support of combat troops, while also engaging in civil action projects to improve the lives of Vietnamese civilians.
		Navy medical personnel and chaplains were attached to U.S. Marine combat units, providing crucial aid and comfort to the troubled, the wounded and the dying.
	www.history.navy.mil /ac/vietnam/vietnam1.htm (765 words)

	BROWN WATER, RED BLOOD. The Story of U.S. Riverine Forces in Vietnam
		This was the Brown Water Navy, named for the muddy hue of the water in the many canals and waterways in the Mekong Delta.
		The Navy remained the poor sister among the Vietnamese armed services, and the River Force was the poorest of the poor.
		During the 1968 Tet Offensive, the Brown Water Navy was heavily engaged throughout the Delta.
	www.usssatyr.com /RiverineHistory.htm (2652 words)

	The Flagship
		Wahler, an employee of the Navy’s Military Sealift Command, headquartered on the yard, approached the owner of the boat, the Naval Historical Center, to confirm his suspicions.
		Task Force 116, known as the “brown water Navy,” was the Navy’s first river patrol force since the Civil War and, as a result, developed many of its tactics in theater.
		A Navy boatswain’s mate captained the PBR with a crew of three others — normally a Navy engineman serving as the boat engineer, a gunner’s mate serving as both gunner and seaman, and a third crew member, frequently a Vietnamese interpreter who knew the peculiarities and geography of the river.
	www.flagshipnews.com /archives_2002/aug152002_21.shtml (748 words)

	Navy - North Korean Special Weapons Agencies
		The navy, a separate branch of the KPA, is headquartered at P'yongyang.
		The navy is capable of conducting inshore defensive operations, submarine operations against merchant shipping and unsophisticated naval combatants, offensive and defensive mining operations, and conventional raids.
		The primary offensive mission of the navy is supporting army actions against South Korea, particularly by inserting smallscale amphibious operations--SOF units--along the coast.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/dprk/agency/navy.htm (1188 words)

	Neptunus Lex » Brown Water Navy
		The Navy has not seen this type of action since the Vietnam War, so it is calling river veterans, the Marine Corps and the special warfare community for advice.
		Policing and protecting the shallow brown and green waters in hot spots now is the responsibility of the Marine Corps and special forces.
		Riverine warfare is a concept that is being heavily explored by the Navy.
	www.neptunuslex.com /2006/04/10/brown-water-navy (1261 words)

	Navy SEALs.com - US Navy SEAL History Vietnam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Many SEAL members came from the Navy's UDT units, who had already gained experience in commando warfare in Korea; however, the UDTs were still necessary to the Navy's amphibious force.
		The brown water of the Delta provided the foundation for the development of SEAL riverine operations.
		The SEALs and Brown Water Navy Boat Crews made it their job to win this part of the war, impeding as much as possible the movement of troops and supplies coming from the North.
	www.navyseals.com /community/navyseals/history_vietnam.cfm (2843 words)

	From The Sea: The Right Strategy/The Wrong Tools
		The new direction of the Navy and Marine Corps team is to provide the nation with naval expeditionary forces, that are shaped for joint operations, which project power from the sea, and are tailored to specific contingencies.
		Transforming the current blue water Navy, which has concentrated enormous manpower and budgetary assets toward possible confrontation with the Soviet Navy, to a "brown water" Navy with a focus toward confronting numerous potential regional threats within the littoral areas of the world will require a fundamental shift in mindset and doctrine.
		The Navy continues to build amphibious assault ships (LHDs) and dock landing ships (LSDs), but there will continue to be a shortage of amphibious shipping unless the Navy is able to convince congress to fund a new class of amphibious ship, the LX-90, which is currently awaiting approval.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1993/LCB.htm (3133 words)

	US Navy in Vietnam: Brownwater Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Brownwater Navy in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, includes the PBR units, the Riverines, the YRBMs, the advance bases, the helicopter and Seawolf units, the Naval Support Activity and all other Naval units operating in Vietnam.
		The Mobile Riverine Force was a joint force by the Army and Navy.
		It was modeled after parts of the French navy used in the Indochina War from 1946 to 1954.
	www.fatherryan.org /navyvietnam/brownwa.htm (231 words)

	Amazon.com: Brown Water, Black Berets: Books: Thomas J. Cutler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Brown Water Warfare: The U.S. Navy in Riverine Warfare and the Emergence of a Tactical Doctrine, 1775-1970 (New Perspectives on Maritime History and Nautical Archaeology) by R. Blake Dunnavent
		"Brown Water, Black Berets" (which is still available) is one of the few books that have been written about the fresh water and coastal navy in Vietnam and I wish it were in wider circulation.
		The author, Thomas Cutler, was a veteran of the "Brown Water Navy" and his service in the last year of the war gives him the authority and experience to tell his fellow veteran's story well.
	www.amazon.com /Brown-Water-Berets-Thomas-Cutler/dp/0671672800 (2159 words)

	Navy Times - Getting their feet wet
		The Navy ground combat element went in shooting, but it’s quiet now both ashore and afloat, the loud diesel motors shut off.
		Riverine Squadron 1 is the newest combat unit in the Navy.
		It’s part of Navy Expeditionary Combat Command, a new type of command formed specifically as a naval force for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and other operations.
	www.navytimes.com /story.php?f=1-292925-2129297.php (1553 words)

	Vietnam's 'brown water' veterans honored \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		For Kenneth McGhee, a retired Navy captain who is president of the Vietnam Unit Memorial Monument Fund, the monument represents honor to the past and a link for those who visit the site in the future.
		He said the brown-water Navy was a key piece in developing the Navy's current riverine warfare component, which is used in operations in the war on terrorism.
		For Paul Murphy, a retired Navy captain who served in Vietnam and is on the board of directors of the monument fund, the ceremony was the welcome culmination of a long journey.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20050522/news_1m22viet.html (496 words)

	Navy Times - News - More News.
		The Navy is sailing flank speed into the war on terror.
		According to the memo, Navy endstrength “should not grow” as a result of the new initiatives may. It also notes, but not specify, possible budget requirements.
		One Navy industry analyst who has seen the memo and requested anonymity, however, strongly criticized the move.
	www.navytimes.com /story.php?f=1-292925-961657.php (417 words)

	[No title]
		Alter Mann RE:US To Sacrifice a Carrier for Brown Water Navy 12/4/2005 10:11:57 PM I hate to keep dragging Vietnam into things, but it was what was happening when I first went into the military.
		A brown water navy response made a lot of sense in Vietnam because of the amount of the combat area that was easily traversed by river, especially the Delta area.
		The Navy's response was fairly effective but without financial support for craft larger than Swift boats and PBRs they ended up using WWII era landing craft loaded down with weapons and armor to the point where they could hardly make way against the current.
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/478-2119.asp (807 words)

	Vietnam Brown Water Navy Zippos
		The “Brown-Water" Navy combined Coastal and Riverine Operations to stop the enemy's re-supply of arms from Cambodia by sea and river.
		The reverse is engraved with a PBR and "River Div 531 Vietnam."
		This 1967 Zippo has also been engraved with a US Navy logo and the name of J. O'Brien on the reverse.
	zippogallery.com /Vietnam4.htm (650 words)

	Civil War Explorer > Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Union also needed a “brown water navy” of gunboats to support army campaigns down the Mississippi River and in Northern Virginia.
		Yet the Confederates needed a navy to break the Yankee blockade and to defend the port cities.
		Grant’s army and the brown water navy captured Rebel strongholds such as Forts Henry and Donelson in Tennessee.
	www.civilwar.org /cwe/AREA003.asp?9003002000000 (1126 words)

	Vietnam Bibliography, Mobile Riverine Force, Vietnam Books, Vietnam Periodicals, Brown Water Navy, Military Assistance ...
		[The Brown Water Navy: The River and Coastal War in Indo-China and Vietnam, 1948-1972].
		Cutler, Thomas J. [Brown Water, Black Berets: Coastal and Riverine Warfare in Vietnam].
		Tompkins, E.T. "The U.S. Navy 'Ashore' in Viet Nam." [Navy] 11 (February 1968): 14ff.
	www.riverinesailor.com /Bibliography.htm (1692 words)

	Pacific Stars & Stripes December 10, 1970 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Saigon ---- The U.S. Navy transferred the last 125 of it's small coastal and River Combat Boats to the South Vietnamese here Wednesday, marking the end of the American "Brown Water Navy" and completing a major step in Vietnamization.
		Speaking of his Brown Water Sailors in 1969, during his term as Commander of Naval Forces in Vietnam, Admiral Elmo R. Zumwalt Jr., now Chief of Naval Operations said "they are tigers in every respect.
		River Assault Squadron 15 (RAS-15) was the last active unit of the U.S. Brown Water Navy.
	www.swiftboats.net /extras/pacificstarsandstripes12-10-70.htm (624 words)

	Brown Water Warfare The U.S. Navy in Riverine Warfare and the Emergence of a Tactical Doct-R. Blake Dunnavent- A new ...
		Brown Water Warfare The U.S. Navy in Riverine Warfare and the Emergence of a Tactical Doct-R. Blake Dunnavent- A new book from the University Press of Florida
		Brown Water Warfare is the first history of riverine warfare as conducted by the U.S. Navy.
		Materials from the National Archives, Navy Operational Archives, Marine Corps Archives, Library of Congress, and private collections serve as the basis for his investigation.
	www.upf.com /Spring2003/Dunnavent.htm (391 words)

	Blue-water navy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		While traditionally a distinction was made between the coastal brown water navy, operating in the littoral zone to 200 nautical miles, and a seagoing blue water navy, a new term has been created by the US Navy
		An example for the difference between a blue-water navy and a green-water navy: "(...) The first should be a 'green-water active defense' that would enable the People's Liberation Army Navy to protect China's territorial waters and enforce its sovereignty claims in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea.
		The Indian Navy maintains a carrier battle group with Viraat and maintains a sea based nuclear deterrence with its Sukanya class vessels armed with Prithvi ballistic missiles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Blue_water_navy (1012 words)

	Vets With A Mission - History of Vietnam - NAVY - BrownWater
		The Navy's fleet off shore, the Navy pilots, the Helicopter crews, the SEAL's, the Seabees, the "Gator" Navy that supplied units all provided an extremely valuable contribution to the war effort in Vietnam.
		The Mobile Riverine Force became the partnership between the Army and Navy in fighting the war in the rice paddies, canals and treacherous waterways of the south.
		The Navy also had PCF's (Patrol Craft, Fast, also known as Swift Boats) which principally patrolled the coastal waters from Vietnam's border with Cambodia in the South China Sea all the way up South Vietnam's eastern coast to the Demilitarized Zone which separated the North and South.
	www.vwam.com /vets/navy/brownwater.htm (355 words)

	What Army Logisticians Should Know about the Navy
		The expeditionary strike group that the Navy is currently designing will consist of an amphibious ready group and a destroyer, a cruiser, a nuclear attack submarine, and one of the destroyers currently under development.
		Naval forces designed to control the deep waters of the seas are known colloquially as the "Blue Water Navy." Since the demise of the Soviet Union, the Navy has had unprecedented dominance of the oceans of the world.
		Organizations involved with Navy logistics transformation include the Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, Fleet Readiness and Logistics (N –4), who is similar to the Army's Deputy Chief of Staff, G –4, and the Chief of Naval Education and Training (CNET), who is equivalent to the Commander of the Army Training and Doctrine Command.
	www.almc.army.mil /alog/issues/NovDec03/What_Army_ShouldKnow_Navy.htm (4316 words)

	Brown-Water Sailors Begin Training with Boots on Ground (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		William Guarini, commanding officer of RIVRON 1, said the Navy is placing a lot of emphasis on this renewed type of warfare.
		"Riverines are being re-established by the CNO (Chief of Naval Operations) to extend the Navy’s reach back into the brown water internal waterways and rivers around the world," said Guarini.
		Although this re-established "brown-water Navy" has a completely different mission than its "blue-water" predecessors, their job skill sets are valued on both platforms.
	www.military.com /features/0,15240,104820,00.html?ESRC=navy.nl (658 words)

	US To Sacrifice a Carrier for Brown Water Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		After sixty years of dominating U.S. Navy policy, the carrier admirals are getting some serious competition from what is coming to be called the “brown water navy.” This is the gang that advocates more attention be paid to coastal operations against irregulars, terrorists and the sort of troublemakers peacekeepers encounter.
		What really gives the brown water crowd clout is the need for these smaller ships to help out in the war on terror.
		Meanwhile, the navy plans to form a riverine unit by next year, with more to follow, including a battalion of “naval infantry” to serve with the brown water sailors manning the small boats to be used along coasts and up rivers.
	www.strategypage.com /dls/articles/20057133123.asp (481 words)

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