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Topic: Brucine

	botanical.com - A Modern Herbal \| Nux Vomica - Herb Profile and Information
		The seeds have the shape of flattened disks densely covered with closely appressed satiny hairs, radiating from the centre of the flattened sides and giving to the seeds a characteristic sheen; they are very hard, with a dark grey horny endosperm in which the small embryo is embedded; no odour but a very bitter taste.
		Brucine closely resembles strychnine in its action, but is slightly less poisonous, it paralyses the peripheral motor nerves.
		The fruit and pulp are harmless and are eaten by the natives of Egypt and Senegal.
	www.botanical.com /botanical/mgmh/n/nuxvom08.html (869 words)

	Strychnine and Nux Vomica
		Brucine may be separated from strychnine by virtue of the lesser solubility of its oxalate in dehydrated alcohol or of its hydriodide in water, or by the insolubility of strychnine chromate in water.
		A study of the quantitative separation of strychnine and brucine in mixtures is presented by Horn and co-workers (/.
		Dickson and Harvey (P. J., 1908, 81, 367), experimenting with a chemi-cally pure brucine, reach the conclusion that its dominant action is a paralysis of the peripheral motor nerves, and that the convulsive action which is the characteristic effect of strychnine is almost entirely absent in the case of brucine.
	drugstoremuseum.com /sections/level_info2.php?level_id=74&level=2 (2754 words)

	NTP: ChemIDPlus/HSDB 357-57-3 Toxicity
		Brucine was evaluated for mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsome preincubation assay using the standard protocol approved by the National Toxicology Program.
		Brucine was tested at doses of 0, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3333, and 6666 ug/plate in four Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537) in the presence and absence of Aroclor induced rat or hamster liver S9 /metabolic activation system/.
		Brucine was negative in these tests and the highest ineffective dose level tested in any Salmonella tester strain was 6666 ug/plate.
	ntp.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=E87F9B91-BDB5-82F8-F46B3E2EA3699D91 (417 words)

	Brucine (PIM 082)
		Brucine is used in analytical chemistry for separating racemic mixtures (Merck Index, 1989).
		Brucine is a highly toxic alkaloid resembling strychnine, but it is much less potent.It causes paralysis of the peripheral nerve endings and, in large doses, produces neuronal excitability (see Strychnine).
		Brucine may act as a local anesthetic agent and perhaps as a paralytic substance (Gosselin et al., 1984).
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/chemical/brucine.htm (1186 words)

	Strychnine and Nux Vomica
		It is without odor, but of a permanent, harsh, very bitter taste; is sparingly soluble in water; very soluble in alcohol, whether hot or cold; it dissolves in 4 parts of chloroform, 440 parts of ether, 60 parts of benzene, and 120 parts of petroleum benzin.
		Concentrated nitric acid produces with brucine or its salts an intense crimson color, which changes to yellow by heat, and upon the addition of stannous chloride becomes violet.
		Brucine oxidized with bromine yields a red color when heated with hydrochloric acid; or a brown color changing to green, then yellow, when heated with ammonia; this yellow solution develops a green fluorescence when hydrochloric acid is added.
	drugstoremuseum.com /sections/level_info2.php?level_id=74&level=2 (2754 words)

	Kothari Phytochemicals International
		Add a few drops of nitric acid to about 10 mg of brucine sulphate; a vivid red colour is produced; dilute the red solution with a few drops of water and add a few drops of stannous chloride T.S., a reddish purple colour is produced.
		A solution of 500 mg of brucine sulphate in 40 cc of water requires not more than 0.5 cc of 0.02 N. sodium hydroxide for neutralization using 2 drops of methyl red T.S. as the indicator.
		Dry brucine sulphate at 105°C for 6 hours; it loses not more than 13% of its weight.
	www.chemicals-india.com /brucinesulphate.html (169 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for strychnine
		With J. Caventou, he was cofounder of alkaloid chemistry and codiscoverer of quinine, strychnine, brucine, and other alkaloids.
		With P. Pelletier he isolated quinine (from cinchona bark), strychnine, and brucine and studied the green pigment in plants (which they named chlorophyll).
		The dried seeds contain strychnine and brucine, both colorless crystalline alkaloids, as well as sugar, acid, and oil.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=strychnine (594 words)

	Ethnobotanical Leaflets
		The responses consisted of an initial transient depolarization when the strychnine, brucine and chloroquine concentration was low, followed by a transient hyperpolarization when the level of strychnine, brucine and chloroquine were raised.
		Because the cells used in the experiment were defective in voltage gated Ca2+ the membrane responses recorded were receptor potentials to the alkaloids and not the action potentials of calcium.
		This suggests that chloroquine; strychnine and brucine share a common component of their transduction pathways, but are exclusive from quinine in their action (2 p.19).
	www.siu.edu /~ebl/leaflets/strychn.htm (1685 words)

	Untitled Document
		Brucine sulfate solution - Dissolve 10.0 g of brucine sulfate in distilled water and make to 1 L with water.
		Add brucine to successive tubes at the same interval as for ceric ammonium sulfate addition (e.g., 10-15 seconds), so that the interval between ceric ammonium sulfate addition and brucine addition is exactly five minutes for each tube.
		Brucine stops the reaction and "fixes" the yellow color of ceric ammonium sulfate at the degree of reduction reached in 5 minutes.
	www.sph.emory.edu /PAMM/lab/methodf.htm (908 words)

	NMRanalyst Sample Application: Brucine
		Brucine is used as a denaturant in oils and alcohols, particularly in cosmetic preparations.
		Hence the acquisition of a large number of F1 resonances for the N15 HMBC causes an unacceptably low S/N. Furthermore, the acquired 90 to 129.8 ppm F1 sweep width does not contain the 37.00 or 151.0 ppm nitrogens of brucine.
		So the observed strychnine N15 HMBC correlations with carbon shifts adjusted for the brucine carbons are used for this structure elucidation.
	www.sciencesoft.net /brucine (312 words)

	Research Center for Complex Molecular Systems and Biomolecules
		The structure of the allosteric binding domain(s) and the features of agonists, antagonists and modulators which determine the occurrence of either positive or negative cooperativity require clarification.
		We tested interactions between allosteric, modulators alcuronium, strychnine and brucine and eight antagonists at muscarinic receptors expressed in CHO cells.
		Positive effects of alcuronium, strychnine and brucine on the affinity of the M-2 receptors for 4-DAMP have been confirmed by direct measurements of the binding of [H-3]-4-DAMP.
	www.molecular.cz /abstract.php?articleID=37 (209 words)

	Under the bonnet of a Chemical Database System
		Brucine has a relative molecular weight of 394.47g/mol.
		Each adjacency matrix comparison that does not exactly match is not processed further and through the DBMS callback implementation of the extensible indexing component, is not included in the final database resultset.
		For a substructure search, such as searching a chemical database for strychnine-like compounds such as Brucine, or other base structures endowed with various R groups or open valencies, each subgraph isomorph is a database hit.
	www.strychnine.co.uk /underthebonnet.html (1539 words)

	Sensitive Detection of Strychnine in Biological Samples by Gas Chromatography with Surface Ionization Detection
		Strychnine was found measurable with high sensitivity by gas chromatography (GC) with surface ionization detection (SID) and using brucine as the internal standard.
		The calibration curve was linear in the range of 62.5 to 1000 pg, on column.
		cartridges; the recovery of strychnine and brucine, which had been spiked in both body fluids, was about 90%.
	www.astm.org /JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2516.htm (286 words)

	Mirabella Real Gamefarm
		Brucine works similarly to strychnine but experts say, Brucine is responsible for the inconsistent results in cocks given whole extracts of Nux Vomica.
		The negative depressant effect of Brucine is eliminated.
		When used as directed, 3 drops with the afternoon meal for the first 7 days and 5 drops with the afternoon meal for the second 7 days and you are all set.
	www.pitmaster.com /mirabella/products.html (479 words)

	Brucine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A human consuming over 2 milligrams of pure brucine will almost certainly suffer symptoms resembling strychnine poisoning.
		Medically, brucine is primarily used in the regulation of high blood pressure and other comparatively benign cardiac ailments.
		Perhaps the best-known reference to brucine occurs in The Count of Monte Cristo, the novel by French author Alexandre Dumas:
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Brucine (424 words)

	Subgraph Isomorphism in relation to Chemical Database Systems
		The action of executing a query of this type results in many compounds being included in the database result set, including brucine (the differences highlighted in blue).
		When substructure searches are performed, or when key index fields required for SQL predicates as described in the Cope-Chat discussion are required, comparisons of adjacency matrices are performed.
		For example, to confirm that strychnine possesses the substructure index keys (eg 3° amine, allylic ether, amide, indole, amide, number and size of rings, chiral flag), or to confirm that the substructure of strychnine is contained within brucine.
	www.strychnine.co.uk /subgraphisomorphism.html (948 words)

	Amazon.com: Brucine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		you, supposing this poison were brucine, for instance-"...
		particularly a poison known as "brucine" which, taken in small doses,...
		Such molecules as brucine, C,3H,6O4N,, analysed in 1831, were...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Brucine&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (1050 words)

	CliffsNotes::The Count of Monte Cristo:Book Summary and Study Guide
		But the doctor is certain not only that murder was committed, but that the poison used was brucine, a red liquid which he has been administering in very small doses to Villefort's father.
		He performs a colored paper test and proves that brucine was indeed used.
		But clearly, d'Avrigny believes that the poison was meant for Noirtier—and the evidence points to Valentine because she prepared the lemonade and would gain all of Noirtier's fortune if he were dead.
	www.cliffsnotes.com /WileyCDA/LitNote/id-66,pageNum-20.html (1265 words)

	Mycorrhiza Literature Exchange
		The indole alkaloids brucine and yohimbine, just like hypaphorine, counteract indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) activity in seedling roots, root hairs and shoots, but do not appear to alter auxin transport in roots or in cultured cells.
		The data reported further support the hypothesis that hypaphorine brucine and yohimbine compete with IAA on some auxin-binding proteins likely to be auxin receptors and that 2,4-D and NAA are not always perceived by the same receptor as IAA or the same component of that receptor.
		At certain steps of plant development and in certain cells, endogenous indole alkaloids could be involved in IAA activity regulation together with other well-described mechanisms such as conjugation or degradation.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/latest04/04_3jambo1.htm (204 words)

	ACS :: Strychnos Nux-Vomica
		The seeds contain organic substances, strychnine and brucine, that act as stimulants in the human body.
		Its dried seeds or beans, and sometimes its bark (called nux vomica) are used in herbal remedies.
		The seeds contain organic substances, strychnine and brucine, that are used in herbal remedies.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/eto/content/eto_5_3x_strychnos_nux-vomica.asp?sitearea=ETO&viewmode=print& (701 words)

	Cosmetics & Toiletries Magazine \| Cosmetic Ingredient Rules on Final Safety of Alcohols, Poloxamers
		Alcohol Denat, SD Alcohol 3-A, SD Alcohol 30, SD Alcohol 39-B, SD Alcohol 39-C, SD Alcohol 40-B, and SD Alcohol 40-C denatured with t-Butyl alcohol, denatonium benzoate, diethyl phthalate, and methyl alcohol are safe in the practices of use and concentration as described in the safety assessment, and denatonium benzoate is safe as a denaturant.
		The available data was deemed insufficient to support the safety of alcohol denat., SD Alcohol 39, and SD Alcohol 40 denatured with quassin, brucine and brucine sulfate in cosmetic products, and the available data was ruled insufficient to support the safety of quassin, brucine and brucine sulfate as denaturants.
		Propyl gallate was determined safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use as described in the safety assessment at concentrations less than or equal to 0.1%.
	www.cosmeticsandtoiletries.com /news/1757711.html (1092 words)

	BRUCINE, ANHYDROUS (ICSC)
		Specific treatment is necessary in case of poisoning with this substance; the appropriate means with instructions must be available.
		The recommendations on this Card also apply to Brucine hydrate (CAS 5892-11-5).
		Neither the CEC nor the IPCS nor any person acting on behalf of the CEC or the IPCS is responsible for the use which might be made of this information
	www.inchem.org /documents/icsc/icsc/eics1017.htm (287 words)

	revrul66-8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		26 CFR 212.57 prescribes the use of brucine (alkaloid), brucine sulfate, or quassin as denaturants authorized in the production of specially denatured alcohol Formula No. 40.
		For a temporary period ending December 31, 1965, Revenue Ruling 65-177, C.B. 1965-2, 507, authorized additional options in the production of Formula No. 40 not requiring the use of brucine (alkaloid) or brucine sulfate which were in short supply.
		Option (d) above will be permitted, under the authority of 26 CFR 212.15(b), to be used only in the manufacture of products which will be packaged in pressurized containers.
	www.taxlinks.com /rulings/1966/revrul66-8.htm (212 words)

	Search Results for "Brucine"
		With P. Pelletier he isolated quinine (from cinchona bark), strychnine, and brucine and studied the green pigment in plants (which they...
		The dried seeds contain strychnine and brucine, both colorless crystalline alkaloids,...
		Search for books related to your query at Amazon.com:
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/65search?query=Brucine (116 words)

	N-desmethylclozapine, an allosteric agonist at muscarinic 1 receptor, potentiates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ...
		for 5 min, and for potentiation experiments brucine (100 µM) was added 4 min before the agonist.
		) brucine showed that brucine shifted the acetylcholine concentration-response curve to the left by a factor of 4.5 but shifted the N-desmethylclozapine concentration-response curve to the right by a factor of 3.5.
		Results shown are from a representative experiment (points represent the mean ± SEM of quadruplicate determinations) that was repeated at least three times with comparable results (mean ± SEM given in the text).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/100/23/13674 (3936 words)

	Industrial Chemicals manufacturers, suppliers, exporters of Industrial Chemicals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Engaged in manufacturing sodium silicate, potassium silicate available in various grades and chemical compositions as per customers specific requirements are used in soaps, detergents, acid resistant cements and binder in electric welding electrodes.
		Manufacturers and exporters of industrial chemicals such as strychnine nitrate, strychnine sulphate, strychnine alkaloid, strychnine hydrochloride, brucine sulphate, brucine alkaloid, potassium iodide and sodium iodide.
		Strychnine Nitrate, Brucine Sulphate, Strychnine Alkaloid, Sodium Iodide, Brucine Alkaloid
	www.indiandata.com /industrial_chemicals/industrial_chemicals4.html (713 words)

	Arthritis Support - Recent Abstracts
		Some autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are currently benefiting from antibody treatment and new and existing technologies for antibody generation could facilitate the production of effective human antibodies as future drug candidates for other autoimmune diseases.
		Abstract: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of brucine and brucine N-oxide extracted from seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica
		To further understand the purpose of the traditional processing method of the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L. (Loganiaceae) as well as analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of brucine and brucine N-oxide extracted from this medicinal plant, various pain and inflammatory models were employed in the present study to investigate their pharmacological profiles.
	www.arthritissupport.com /articles/pastabstracts.cfm?astartrow=51 (496 words)

	C471 Problem Set 5: Chemical Patent Searching (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Use the esp@cenet site of the European Patent Office to find patents that include the keyword brucine.
		Search the US Patent and Trademark Office database for brucine with a Title search, then an Abstract search.
		[18] Write down a search strategy to find patents at this site where brucine is found in either the title or the abstract of the patents.
	www.indiana.edu /~cheminfo/C471/471ps5.html (366 words)

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