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Topic: Brunetto Latini

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	Brunetto Latini
		After the Guelph triumph of 1266 and the establishment of a new democratic constitution, Brunetto returned to Florence, where he held various offices, including that of secretary to the Commune, took an active and honoured part in Florentine politics, and was influential in the counsels of the Republic.
		Brunetto's chief work, "Li Livres dou Trésor" is a kind of encyclopedia in which he "treats of all things that pertain to mortals".
		Brunetto finds himself astray in a wood, speaks with Nature in her secret places, reaches the realm of the Virtues, wanders into the flowery meadow of Love, from which he is delivered by Ovid.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/l/latini,brunetto.html (406 words)

	Brunetto Latini Criticism and Essays
		In addition to his status as an influential precursor of Dante, Brunetto is generally remembered as a major figure in the Florentine revival of interest in classical Latin philosophical and political ideas and for his practical and theoretical exploration of the link between rhetoric and civic virtue.
		Brunetto's public duties reached far beyond the commissioned oversight of official documents and in 1260 he was sent as an ambassador to the court of Alfonso X el Sabio of Castile.
		Brunetto drew extensively on the works of the Roman orator and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero for Book III of The Book of the Treasure, which is devoted to politics, government, logic, and especially to rhetoric.
	www.enotes.com /classical-medieval-criticism/brunetto-latini (1404 words)

	The Who
		Brunetto is forced to run a race for all eternity and, analogously to his life, he is so far behind that he believes himself to be in first place.
		In this allegorical poem, “Brunetto finds himself astray in a wood, speaks with Nature in her secret places, reaches the realm of the Virtues, wanders into the flowery meadow of Love, from which he is delivered by Ovid.
		Brunetto fits in with the rest of Dante’s “lustful transgressors, even the homosexual ones, [who] are invariably talented, agreeable, sensitive, almost appealing characters” (Vossler 335).
	homepages.nyu.edu /~mpg274/dante.htm (2585 words)

	Jay Arrowood
		Latini’s political contribution was subtle, and intermingled within his encyclopedia dou Tresor, which inadvertently, buries the significant political theory aspect behind a silly medieval book of knowledge which includes a palimpsested version of Aristotle’s ethics and Cicero’s rhetoric.
		Latini’s passion for good governance is inspirational, and should inspire political science departments to incorporate Latini into modern political science curriculums.
		Latini wrote, “Cicero says that the most important science relative to governing the city is rhetoric, that is to say, the science of speaking...” Rhetoric also includes the science of writing.
	www.ualr.edu /jaarrowood/brunettolatini.html (1127 words)

	Chapter 8: The Road Through Roncesvalles: Alfonsine Formation of Brunettro Latini and Dante - Diplomacy and LIterature
		The Florentine scholar and diplomat Brunetto Latini was present at the court of Alfonso X in 1260 and then in exile in northern France, before his return to Florence in 1266 or perhaps 1267.
		Brunetto memorialized his embassy to Alfonso in a dream-vision work he wrote, the Tesoretto, a poem that was to be a prototype for Dante's dream vision, the Commedia.
		Instructions to Brunetto appear to have been to maintain friendly and literary contact with the Castilian king; actual monetary support was to be for Charles of Provence and Anjou, not as emperor but as senator of Rome, king of Sicily and Jerusalem, and imperial vicar of Tuscany.
	libro.uca.edu /alfonso10/emperor8.htm (8300 words)

	HELL XV
		Brunetto Latini, the Florentine Guelph leader who wrote Li Livres dou tresor, a prose encyclopedia in French, and the Tesoretto, an allegorical poem in Italian, was not literally Dante's teacher, although he greatly influenced his thought.
		Brunetto predicts that both factions will be Dante's enemies, although it's not clear whether lines 71–72 mean that both will want to win a man of his quality to their side, or both will wish to destroy him.
		Brunetto's worldly ambitiousness is shown, which must have conflicted with Dante's value for spiritual achievement.
	home.earthlink.net /~zimls/HELLXV.html (793 words)

	Holloway: Chancery and Comedy: Brunetto Latini and Dante Alighieri
		Brunetto was next involved, on the 8th of May 1257, with a peace pact with Faenza, in which he is named «Burneoto notario fil.
		We have one mention of Brunetto Latini in 1282, shortly after the establishment of the Priorate of the Artes was established in that year, in which he advised concerning constitutional matters.
		Brunetto Latini was buried in Santa Maria Maggiore, his tomb to this day marked by a marble column bearing the inscription, «Ser Brunetto Latini et filiorum», and having on it also his coat of arms of six roses.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Italian_Studies/LD/numbers/03/holloway.html (7342 words)

	Brunetto Latini
		Most famous as the teacher of Dante, Brunetto Latini, a Florentine notary left us with a treasure-trove of ideas and philosophies about rhetoric, logic, government, the art of writing, and an encyclopedia that speaks of the origin of all things.
		Latini’s translation of Cicero is written in a way that is clear and easily understood with examples and explanations of rhetorical devices.
		Latini was a proponent of making information available not only the privileged, but to the community as a whole and would write and teach in the vernacular.
	www.ualr.edu /ltmills/latini.htm (348 words)

	Possession: A Romance
		Brunetto also occupied a pivotal position as a translator of knowledge from Latin into the vernacular, and from the relatively closed realm of monastery and cathedral school into the relatively open realm of the city. Here, it is important to recall that the Tesoretto is not an independent work.
		Brunetto’s definition of bon estre or well-being is composed of a chain of linked and opposed terms — païs as opposed to lieu, terre as païs, and terre as opposed to lieus — the precise senses of which defy literal translation.
		Brunetto both demystified and complicated the relation between master and student by bringing to the surface the fundamental contingency of the relations he hoped to establish and maintain.
	userwww.service.emory.edu /~cjcampb/PoetryBook/Poetry1.doc (5044 words)

	Brunetto Latino and Dante Alighieri. Italian Manuscripts in French Exile: Bankers and their Books
		Brunetto had already become established as an important figure in the Primo Popolo, lending his legal skills to the drawing up of peace treaties between Siena and Florence and Arezzo and Florence, in documents still to be found in Sienese and Florentine archives, written in his clear and lovely hand.
		Brunetto likely ordered it from Paris for his sons, not necessarily writing it himself but giving instructions to have it so be written.
		It attests to the presence, before Brunetto's exile, of an intense Italian awareness of French literature, of both the south and the north, the langue d'oil and the langue d'oc, perhaps as the means for communicating with Charles of Anjou and his bride, Beatrice of Provence.
	www.florin.ms /Bankers.html (7122 words)

	FREE MonkeyNotes Study Guide Summary-The Divine Comedy:The Inferno by Dante Alighieri(Dante's Inferno)-CANTO XV ...
		Latini was a Guelf statesman and writer, whose works "Tresor" and "Tesoretto" influenced Dante's life and work.
		Dante was a great admirer of Latini as it clear by the reverential manner in which he addresses the latter.
		Latini talks of Andrea de' Mozzi and explicitly describes his sin talking of his "sinfully erected nerves." The punishment of the Sodomites is to walk eternally on the hot desert, rained upon lay fire.
	www.pinkmonkey.com /booknotes/monkeynotes/pmDivine55.asp (1453 words)

	UPenn Working Papers in Romance Langs. 3 (1998-99): 51-62
		The nature of Brunetto's and Nimrod's actions differs: while the Florence-born author of the Tresor sins against his native Italian, the biblical figure is responsible for destroying the common language of humankind.
		The reference to this city makes the reader assume that Brunetto Latini and his companions, whom Dante and Virgil meet in Canto XV after entering the third round of the seventh circle, are guilty of attraction to persons of the same sex.
		Brunetto's unnatural linguistic behavior during his life is reflected in the punishment he receives in Hell.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /romance/gra/WPs1999/dante.html (3926 words)

	Brunetto Latini - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Brunetto Latini es un personaje clave del pensamiento político humanista de la Edad Media central.
		Brunetto Latini interviene en este proceso aportando un cuerpo teórico la la frágil república florentina, que establece las bases éticas y prácticas del vivere civile.
		Brunetto Latini elabora en "Los libros del Tesoro" una filosofía laica que coloca al lenguaje como el lugar privilegiado en la acción política.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brunetto_Latini (1058 words)

	Brunetto Latini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was born in Florence, the son of Buonaccorso Latini.
		After the disaster of Montaperti, which took place while he was on embassy to Alfonso el Sabio of Castile to seek help for Florence against the Sienese, he took refuge for some years (1260-1266) in France, but in 1266, he returned to Tuscany and for some twenty years held successive high offices.
		The Italian translation of Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, is often misattributed to Brunetto Latini: it is a work of Taddeo Alderotti instead.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brunetto_Latini (432 words)

	Introduction, Brunetto Latino, Il Tesoretto, ed. Julia Bolton Holloway
		As in Giotto's portrayal of Brunetto Latino and Dante Alighieri, history has tended to pair the two poets, who were both exiled from their native Florence, with the second eclipsing the first.
		It is possible that Dante's charge of Brunetto's bisexuality alludes to Latino as shadowing Cicero, whose Laelius de amicitia is a treatise on masculine friendship is copied in Il Fagoletto.
		Latini's Tesoretto and Dante's Inferno XV were both written somewhat tongue-in-cheek, yet they also contain the wisdom their personae seek.
	www.florin.ms /tesorettintro.html (7559 words)

	Harris: Three Dante Notes
		40), Brunetto says to Dante: again, with the peculiar emphasis on clothing; and the student and his master walk on, lost in conversation, so much so that it comes as something of a shock to realize that Virgil is the strangely silent third party in their company.
		Dante the Traveller and Ser Brunetto quickly and effortlessly fall into their old intimacy that is filled with love and respect; while Dante the Poet has caught in his teacher's speech and mannerisms something that the youthful Dante was unaware of.
		For Ser Brunetto is not a beautiful, naked young athlete: he is an unclothed old man who is covered with ruinous burns and is, as I have suggested, something of a queen.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Italian_Studies/LD/numbers/02/harris.html (6406 words)

	Italian 4140
		Extreme respect between the two characters, with Brunetto calling Dante “Son” and Dante bowing his head to be closer but also as a sign of deference to his former teacher.
		Tesoretto, Brunetto himself had claimed to have lost himself in a wood, thus revealing Dante’s source for the initial episode.
		Dante’s response is one that focuses on his abilities and on the honor that has been bestowed on him.
	spot.colorado.edu /~ferme/Ital4140/midtermreviewII.html (3208 words)

	Dante's Inferno - Circle 7 - Cantos 12-17
		One of the most important figures in Dante's life and in the Divine Comedy, Brunetto Latini is featured among the sodomites in one of the central cantos of the Inferno.
		We understand from this episode that Brunetto played a major--if informal--part in Dante's education, most likely as a mentor through his example of using erudition and intelligence in the service of the city.
		Many modern scholarly discussions of Dante's Brunetto either posit a substitute vice for the sexual one--linguistic perversion, unnatural political affiliations, a quasi-Manichean heresy--or emphasize a symbolic form of sodomy over the literal act (e.g., rhetorical perversion, a failed theory of knowledge, a proto-humanist pursuit of immortality).
	danteworlds.laits.utexas.edu /utopia/circle7.html (3071 words)

	Robert Hollander: Inferno XV.29: Chinando la mia alla sua faccia
		The problem is, for once, a simple one and can be described as follows: Dante, looking down at the burned features of his "teacher," Brunetto Latini, either extends his hand toward that face or else lowers his own face in the direction of Brunetto's.
		Most, however, were of the firm opinion that Dante did not attempt to reach the level of Brunetto's face with his face, but rather with his hand, since Brunetto could reach Dante's hem with his (vv.
		Francesco da Buti explains the reason for the protagonist's inclination simply and well: "per vederlo meglio," since Brunetto is not exactly physiognomically what he used to be, now that he is scorched by the flames of his sin.
	www.princeton.edu /~dante/ebdsa/bob082001.html (813 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Latini,
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Latini," at HighBeam.
		Alfred H. Latini, 82; served in Ghost Army
		LATINI, MATTHEW J. Portland Press Herald (Maine); 2/22/2005; ; 86 words
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Latini, (248 words)

	CliffsNotes::The Divine Comedy: Inferno:Book Summary and Study Guide
		The shade is Ser Brunetto Latini, and once identified, he asks to walk with Dante for a bit because if he stops for even a moment, he will have to lay still under the flames for 100 years and not be allowed to fan them off.
		Dante explains how his journey though Hell came to be, and Brunetto praises Dante’s work with the highest of words and gives him some advice, as well as a prophesy about his coming exile.
		Dante tells Brunetto that he wishes him alive again, that he sees him as a paternal figure, and that he feels deep gratitude for his teachings.
	www.cliffsnotes.com /WileyCDA/LitNote/id-77,pageNum-50.html (318 words)

	The Inferno
		First, Brunetto Latini is among the sodomites (that is, the gays).
		Second, Brunetto Latini was Dante's beloved teacher when Dante was a young man.
		But as with every other sinner in Dante's hell, Brunetto Latini's concrete, outward sin (sodomy) is really only symbolic and symptomatic of a deeper, more fundamental sin.
	gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu /tcnj/worldlit/dante2.htm (888 words)

	Tradition and the Individual Talent. Eliot, T. S. 1920. The Sacred Wood
		Or great poetry may be made without the direct use of any emotion whatever: composed out of feelings solely.
		Canto XV of the Inferno (Brunetto Latini) is a working up of the emotion evident in the situation; but the effect, though single as that of any work of art, is obtained by considerable complexity of detail.
		The last quatrain gives an image, a feeling attaching to an image, which "came," which did not develop simply out of what precedes, but which was probably in suspension in the poet's mind until the proper combination arrived for it to add itself to.
	www.bartleby.com /200/sw4.html (2834 words)

	brunetto latini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The episode of Brunetto Latini is another example of how our views have drastically changed.
		If he was, he would not have chosen a man so revered in his homeland, the poet Dante refers to as "Ser Brunetto", and speaks of his "dear…kind paternal image" (Mandelbaum, 137) In fact, there is no actual evidence that Latini was in fact a homosexual.
		If these were the standards Brunetto Latini had been held against, he would not have been "banished from humanity".
	www.trincoll.edu /~ldickins/brunetto_latini.htm (371 words)

	karenika - books - dante
		So the two of them pace along and talk together, Latini, naked, treading the burning plain that is his eternal agony, and Dante walking in a roadway just high enough to be out of reach of the flames.
		The literary consequence is certain: a nearly unbearable tension between Dante's love and admiration for Brunetto Latini, and the old man's humiliation and perpetual pain.
		But another age-old poetic impulse may also be at work, the one that the critic and theorist Harold Bloom has named "the anxiety of influence," whereby a literary artist, as a mode of self-identification, discounts and denies the influence-even the importance-of a great predecessor.
	www.karenika.com /book/dante.html (673 words)

	Holloway: Chancery and Comedy: Brunetto Latini and Dante Alighieri (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		These documents and events do not name Brunetto Latini.
		CLIv, transcribed in Lodovico Frati, «Brunetto Latini speziale», Giornale dantesco, XXII (1914), pp.
		Helene Wieruszowski, «Brunetto Latini als Lehrer Dantes und der Florentiner (Mitteilungen aus Cod.
	www.brown.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /Departments/Italian_Studies/LD/numbers/03/holloway.html (7345 words)

	Parlor Press: Searching for Latini by Michael Kleine
		In Searching for Latini, Michael Kleine recounts the quest of a rhetorician and writing teacher to discover and celebrate the significance of a thirteenth-century rhetorician who has been excluded from American versions of rhetorical history—Brunetto Latini, the teacher of Dante.
		Kleine argues that Latini should be rescued from obscurity, not only because of the literary status of his student but also because of Latini’s promotion of Ciceronian rhetoric during the dawn of the Renaissance and the relevance of his work to contemporary teachers of writing.
		Latini’s Contributions to the Ars Dictaminis and the Rhetoric of Writing
	www.parlorpress.com /kleine.html (472 words)

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