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Topic: Brutality

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	Encyclopedia: Police brutality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, and verbal attacks and threats by police officers.
		Brutality is one of several forms of police misconduct, which include false arrest, intimidation, political repression, surveillance abuse, sexual abuse and police corruption.
		Differences in race, religion, politics, and economic status between police and the citizenry can contribute to the creation of an antagognistic relationship in which a significant portion of the population view the police as oppressors and a significant number of the police view the population as deserving punishment.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Police-brutality (1465 words)

	Police Brutality: The Use of Excessive Force"
		Police brutality and the use of excessive force is an occupational crime because, according to Friedrichs, it is a "violation of the legal codes in the course of activity in a legitimate occupation" (1996:96).
		Police brutality is a criminal act regardless of the extent and it is affected by the organizational practices of police departments.
		Brutalizing the public in a free society is a clear example of abuse of power.
	www.drury.edu /ess/irconf/DMangan.html (4246 words)

	Encyclopedia article on Police brutality [EncycloZine] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of force by police officers.
		Police brutality can become a major issue, especially when the police are from a different social group as the people they police.
		Brutality does not only apply to unreasonable physical force, but to negative verbal attacks, threats and assault, as well.
	encyclozine.com /Police_brutality (186 words)

	Police Brutality in South Africa - David Bruce
		Even if actions of alleged brutality are recorded in one way or another (which may not occur in many cases) a fundamental question arises as to the procedures and criteria to apply in deciding whether such actions amount to brutality or not.
		However, even where it is other structures that are involved in brutality it often appears that these structures operate in cooperation with the SAPS and that SAPS members may be unlikely to intervene or take appropriate investigative action (as is the case in terms of case 26) when such brutality comes to their attention.
		Brutality against immigrants (discussed further in the next section) may be seen by many as political in nature, depending in part on how the word "political" is used or defined.
	www.csvr.org.za /papers/papbruc5.htm (18444 words)

	Minneapolis rallies against police brutality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Communities United Against Police Brutality has been assembling a class action lawsuit against the City since May. And one group, the newly-formed Community Campaign to Prosecute the Police (CCPP) is mobilizing a grassroots effort to hold police accountable for their misconduct.
		Carlotta Madison, a police brutality victim who sued the City in 1998 and won, said that she doesn’t believe that holding police accountable is as difficult as many try to make it seem.
		Carla Smith says she was brutalized by the local police downtown a couple months ago while she was in the parking lot of a club at 2 am.
	www.finalcall.com /artman/publish/printer_1173.shtml (882 words)

	MyRawOpinions -POLICE BRUTALITY
		I know that there are some sheltered people out there that don't believe police brutality goes on as much as it really does and it's this same kind of person that also thinks the cops have some sort of good reason for their police brutality.
		After reading some reports on police brutality, I have come to find out that more and more police officers are being hired that are under qualified (www.copcrimes.com) or psychologically unbalanced.
		I mean, police brutality happens so often and in such extreme ways that their leaders can't possibly be doing their jobs.
	myrawopinions.com /policebrutality.html (940 words)

	Police Brutality and Racism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Police brutality persists because “overwhelming barriers to accountability make it possible for officers who commit human rights violations to escape due punishment and often repeat their offenses” (Human Rights Watch, 1).
		Cases of police brutality are often motivated by racial discrimination, where a group of police would attack one person or a small group of people with a difference in race that the police can not tolerate.
		Police brutality is still a very serious and harsh issue in America, even after the high profile and harsh consequences of the Rodney King and Arthur McDuffie cases.
	www.mith2.umd.edu /digdir/students/ssorian/rodkingessay.html (845 words)

	Fight Back!-January 1999-Chicago Rallies Against Police Brutality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The event marked the third year in a row that Chicago anti-police brutality activists came together to demand that the Chicago Police are held accountable for their actions.
		Victims of police brutality and their families spoke about experiences with Chicago's "finest" and about their own struggles for justice.
		Chicago anti-police brutality activists say that the problem of police abuse of power and racist violence is not just a few "bad apples" in the department.
	www.frso.org /fight/0199/chipolice.html (330 words)

	Contemporary Police Brutality : SF Indymedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Police brutality and misconduct are merely the major contemporary forms of State-sponsored racist violence.
		Police brutality describes "instances of serious physical or psychological harm to civilians." Contemporary police brutality consists of deadly force, the use of excessive force, and it includes unjustified shooting, fatal choking, and physical assault by law enforcement officers.
		Police brutality or misconduct has been the "trigger incident" that sparked almost every modern rebellion from the 1935 "Harlem Riot" to the 1992 LA Conflagration.
	sf.indymedia.org /print.php?id=2053 (2339 words)

	Directory - Society: Issues: Crime and Justice: Police Misconduct: Police Brutality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Police Brutality and Accountability · Reports on police brutality in major cities across the United States, from Human Rights Watch.
		Massachusetts Police Brutality · iweb · cached · Individual complaint that the "anti-constitutional" laws and process encourage alleged police and prosecutorial brutality.
		Justice for Woody · cached · Robert Woodward, a community activist and pacifist, was gunned down by Brattleboro Police in a church as he stood holding a small knife to his eye, in front of 18 eyewitnesses.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=79503 (587 words)

	United States of America: Police brutality and excessive force in the New York City Police Department - Amnesty ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although reports of police brutality are not new, the number of people bringing claims for police misconduct against the City of New York has increased substantially in recent years, from 977 in 1987 to more than 2,000 in 1994.
		The Commission found that it was difficult to quantify the extent of brutality because officers were even more reluctant to report acts of brutality than corruption, and because official records of such incidents in the past had been inadequate.
		Ann Hamilton, a 71-year-old fl woman who was the wife of a prominent church minister, was allegedly brutalized in November 1988 by police officers who suspected her of drug dealing and swallowing the drugs as she sat in her car in an area of Queens.
	www.web.amnesty.org /ai.nsf/index/AMR510361996 (16703 words)

	RW ONLINE:Carl Dix: What Will it Take to Stop Police Brutality?
		It's going to take revolution to end police brutality once and for all because police brutality is built into the very fabric of this society.
		Looking at the broader issue of police brutality, the authorities had sucked a lotta people into their line that the problem was crime and aggressive policing was necessary to deal with it, but we've been able to break thru their shit in the past few years.
		Or on residency requirements, the NYPD would still be brutal enough to maintain and enforce the unjust status quo for the capitalist class if it had to fill its ranks from inside the city.
	rwor.org /a/v22/1070-79/1076/cdix.htm (2120 words)

	ipedia.com: Christoph Hartknoch Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Historian and educator Christoph Hartknoch was born in 1644 in Jablonkow in the Szczytno region of Ducal Prussia.
		Historian and educator Christoph Hartknoch (1644-1687) was born in 1644 in Jablonkow in the Szczytno region of Ducal Prussia.
		In 1650 his family moved to Passenheim Pasym and there he witnessed the brutality and horrors of the Tatar attacks.
	www.ipedia.com /christoph_hartknoch.html (391 words)

	Copwatch Statement on Phoenix Police Brutality : AZ IMC
		The fact that this brutality was videotaped and aired on television is the only thing that separates it from many other incidents of police brutality.
		We believe that police harassment and brutality is especially widespread in communities of color and that this is due to the long history of white supremacy in this country.
		We hope that controversy surrounding this recent videotaped incident of police brutality will motivate more people to keep an eye on police activity, either through Copwatch or through programs in their communities.
	arizona.indymedia.org /mail.php?id=23367 (473 words)

	Police Brutality
		Another cause of police brutality and misconduct is the amount of stress that is put upon the law enforcement official.
		Law enforcement officials who are accused of police brutality are required to attend a civil court hearing with a judge and a jury present.
		Police Brutality in the United States and around the world needs to be totally abolished to protect the citizens, and the police officers.
	www.freeessays.cc /db/28/lfm278.shtml (1764 words)

	Manitou Messenger Online - Opinions - Stop police brutality - Friday, October 27, 2000
		The National Day of Protest to stop Police Brutality, Repression, and the Criminalization of a Generation is an effort to protest unnecessary acts of brutality, discrimination, and lack of accountability.
		The issue of racial profiling is not always involved in acts of police brutality.
		These cases in the media are just a few of the incidents that are a part of the larger epidemic of police brutality that continues to intensify across the country.
	www.stolaf.edu /orgs/messenger/2000/102700/opinions/policebrutality.html (509 words)

	Examining the Cycles of Police Brutality and Reform (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cycles of police brutality and reform extend back to 19th-century New York City and repeat themselves despite high-profile reports and blue-ribbon commissions.
		One of the things that became clear to me pretty early on was that outbreaks of public concern about brutality were usually tied to corruption, or at least allowed [brutality] to become a public issue.
		If you look at all the reforms that have been successful, areas like the "third degree," crowd-control tactics, or certain uses of deadly force, the police and public have realized that these tactics are counterproductive.
	www.bc.edu /bc_org/rvp/pubaf/03/police.html (410 words)

	USA: Race, rights and police brutality
		While only a minority of the many thousands of law enforcement officers in the USA engage in deliberate and wanton brutality, Amnesty International found that too little was being done to monitor or check persistent abusers, or to ensure that police tactics in certain common situations minimized the risk of unnecessary force and injury.
		Police brutality has become the focus of acute national attention during the past year due to several high profile cases, including the fatal shooting of an unarmed West African immigrant, Amadou Diallo, in New York City in February 1999.
		State, federal and local authorities should ensure that abuses including torture, brutality and other excessive force by police officers will not be tolerated; that officers will be held accountable for their actions; and that those responsible for abuses will be brought to justice.
	www.amnestyusa.org /countries/usa/document.do?id=133746465C2D34CA8025690000692D98 (11595 words)

	Austin takes part in national protest against police brutality - The Daily Texan - University
		The Oct. 22 National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, which started five years ago in New York City, demands greater police accountability, said William Harrell, executive director for the Texas ACLU.
		"The principal focus is police brutality acts of violence; but the underlying theme is police accountability, and that addresses racially motivated police misconduct," Harrell said.
		Harrell emphasized the need for Texans to realize that policy brutality exists at home, as well as in large cities like New York.
	www.dailytexanonline.com /news/2000/10/23/University/Austin.Takes.Part.In.National.Protest.Against.Police.Brutality-700382.shtml (496 words)

	Communities United Against Police Brutality - HomePage
		Communities United Against Police Brutality is a Twin-Cities based organization that was created to deal with police brutality on an ongoing basis.
		Our overriding goal is to create a climate of resistance to abuse of authority by police organizations and to empower local people with a structure that can take on police brutality and actually bring it to an end.
		We provide support for survivors of police brutality and families of victims so they can reclaim their dignity and join the struggle to end police brutality.
	www.charityadvantage.com /CUAPB/HomePage.asp (177 words)

	Police Brutality: GBGM Staff Briefing (11/24/98)
		CCR is on the cutting edge of testing the Constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to ensure they are used as instruments to expand freedom rather than to constrict the rights of groups and individuals.
		A police brutality hotline gives community residents an opportunity to report instances of brutality within their neighborhoods.
		When brutality is brought to litigation, cases can be referred to the National Lawyers Guild for legal help.
	gbgm-umc.org /mission/news/br981124.html (972 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Police Brutality (Hardcover Edition) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Four chapters explore whether or not police misconduct truly is a serious problem, what factors cause police brutality, whether modern police methods cause police misconduct, and who should police the police.
		Examples of brutality abound, but they are often presented so fleetingly that insightful readers will want to research the incidents further to get a more balanced account.
		Intermittent cartoons are especially effective in revealing how police appear to be handling their stressful jobs, and, more relevantly, how people view the boundaries between police enforcement and abuse.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0737705167 (346 words)

	Police Brutality in the U.S.
		While the proportion of repeatedly abusive officers on any force is generally small, responsible authorities— including law enforcement supervisors, as well as local and federal government leadership—often fail to act decisively to restrain or penalize such acts.
		On the federal level, Justice Department officials requested a meeting with Human Rights Watch to discuss the federal role in prosecuting officers accused of brutality and in investigating police departments exhibiting a pattern of abuse.
		As it is, local prosecutors are often reluctant to pursue cases against officers they typically work with, and federal prosecutors are under-staffed and similarly reluctant.
	www.hrw.org /about/initiatives/police.htm (883 words)

	Police Brutality Online Event
		Listen to a recording from our audio discussion on police brutality.
		Join the discussion.on the recent police brutality case in Inglewood, California.
		Police Brutality and Excessive Force in the NYPD
	www.amnestyusa.org /countries/usa/police_brutality/onlineevent.html (140 words)

	Police brutality injury attorneys - Scanlan Law Group
		At the Scanlan Law Group, we are experienced in police brutality cases, and we are not afraid of standing up to the police when they have crossed the line from aggressive police work into brutality.
		If you have been victimized by police brutality, you may be entitled to an award of damages, not only from the officers themselves, but also from the municipality or county that employed the officers.
		We have sued police officers for police brutality, and we are not afraid to take them to trial if one of our clients has been injured.
	www.scanlanlawgroup.com /police_brutality.htm (289 words)

	THE QUESTION OF POLICE BRUTALITY. Essay Sample. Free term papers for college students
		Adding to the belief that police brutality isn't a very big problem, most legal authorities and officials agree that the use of excessive force by police officers is going down.
		In fact, they say that they see brutality declining from twenty years ago (C.C. Police brutality is defined as involving the unnecessary and unjustified use of force be that either physical or verbal.
		Whether or not a person believes police brutality is a serious problem, it must be stopped.
	www.essaysample.com /essay/003103.html (597 words)

	Cambridge Dictionaries Online - Cambridge University Press
		He had presided over a brutal regime in which thousands of people had 'disappeared'.
		He was imprisoned in 1945 for the brutal murder of a 12-year old girl.
		She spoke with brutal honesty - I was too old for the job.
	dictionary.cambridge.org /define.asp?key=9957&dict=CALD (111 words)

	Brutality
		It is assumed that most victims of police brutality are not only of color, but are poor as well.
		Despite the fact that police brutality is a violation of human rights as well as civil rights guaranteed in the Fourth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments, the beat goes on.
		October 22nd Coalition to Stop Police Brutality, the National Lawyer's Guild, and many other organizations exist for the purposes of ending these police violations.
	students.missouri.edu /~sa-en-ra/brutalityinfo.html (1581 words)

	Search: Society>Issues>Crime and Justice>Police Misconduct>Police Brutality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Robert Woodward, a community activist and pacifist, was gunned down by Brattleboro Police in a church as he stood holding a small knife to his eye, in front of 18 eyewitnesses.
		Resource about brutality and corruption in the New York City Police Department, and how to bring it under control.
		Police oversight agency assists victims of police abuse, brutality, or misconduct file citizen complaint against officers of San Jose Police Department.
	aoltvsearch.aol.com /cat.adp?id=79503 (592 words)

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