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Topic: Bryozoa

	Introduction to the Bryozoa
		Despite the fact that there are about 5000 living species, with several times that number of fossil species, the Bryozoa remain largely unknown to most people.
		One compound produced by a common marine bryozoan, the drug bryostatin 1, is currently under serious testing as an anti-cancer drug.
		Find more bryozoan links at the Bryozoa page of the Zoological Record.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /bryozoa/bryozoa.html (253 words)

	Some Bryozoans of the Cincinnatian
		Bryozoa are colonial animals that secreted a hard limy skeleton much like corals.
		Bryozoa are filter-feeding animals that capture microscopic food floating past them in the water.
		The good news about Cincinnatian bryozoa is that they are by far the most abundant fossils found in the area.
	drydredgers.org /bryo1.htm (760 words)

	Geologic time scale - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Goniatites, brachiopods, bryozoa, bivalves, and corals plentiful in the seas.
		Corals, bryozoa, goniatites and brachiopods (Productida, Spiriferida, etc.) very common.
		Early corals, articulate brachiopods (Orthida, Strophomenida, etc.), bivalves, nautiloids, trilobites, ostracods, bryozoa, many types of echinoderms (crinoids, cystoids, starfish, etc.), branched graptolites, and other taxa all common.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geologic_timescale (1908 words)

	Animal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Most of these were originally grouped as the phylum Aschelminthes, together with the Nematoda and others, but they do not appear particularly closely related to each other.
		The Brachiopoda (lamp shells), Ectoprocta (=Bryozoa, literally moss animals), and Phoronida form a group called the Lophophorata, thanks to the shared presence of a fan of cilia around the mouth called the lophophore.
		The evolutionary relationships of these forms are very unclear - the group has even been considered among the deuterostomes, and may be paraphyletic.
	www.icyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/a/an/animal.html (1419 words)

	CAT54: Invertebrates&Hydrobiology: Bryozoa, Echinodermata, Tunicata
		The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata (Ctenostomata and Cheilostoma Anasca) from the Western South Island Continental Shelf and Slope.
		Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Western South Island, Continental Shelf and Slope.
		Bryozoa and Entoprocta; Nervous System of Phoronis; Folliculinidae from Sweden; Anatomy and Biology of Penetrantiidae and Immergentiidae; Conecharellinidae Japan and Bonin Islands.
	www.euronet.nl /users/backhuys/Cat54bry_ech_tun.htm (2721 words)

	NMITA Bryozoa Bibliography Text
		Cheetham, A.H., and Sandberg, P.A. Quaternary Bryozoa from Louisiana mudlumps.
		Bryozoa of Porto Rico with a résumé of the West Indian bryozoan fauna.
		Sandberg, P.A. New cheilostome Bryozoa from the Miocene of the Dominican Republic.
	porites.geology.uiowa.edu /database/bryozoa/systemat/brybib.htm (1068 words)

	Moss Animals Invade Lake Cochituate (enter the bryozoan, Pectinatella magnifica
		Bryozoa are underwater colonies of tiny, colonial animals which, like sponges, filter water for their food.
		Bryozoa have only recently been getting major scientific study, and some freshwater varieties are thought to be useful indicators of water quality.
		Introduction to the Bryozoa (U.Cal./Berkeley) and Lophophores (U.Cal./Berkeley)
	www.millermicro.com /bryozoa.html (1420 words)

	Bryozoa on The Beach (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The individual tiny CORAL animal is referred to as a polyp while the bryozoa unit is called a zooid.
		Not all bryozoa species are marine with their zooids cemented together into colonial, rocklike structures.
		Of course there were no elegant little bryozoa zooids in the chunk of white calcium carbonate I found this week on the beach.
	www.backyardnature.net /yucatan/bryozoa.htm (527 words)

	Bryozoa (Moss animals), Kentucky Geological Survey
		Bryozoa feed on microscopic organisms floating in the water, which they grab with tiny tentacles.
		Massive bryozoa colonies like this one are very commonly found in Ordovician limestones in the Blue Grass Region.
		In section (look at the broken end of a fossil or edge of the rock containing the fossil), bryozoans will tend to be filled with calcite or concentric rings rather than exhibiting the spongy texture of bone.
	www.uky.edu /KGS/fossils/bryos.htm (395 words)

	Freshwater Bryozoa: Introduction to Bryozoa with photomicrographs of Lophopus.
		Freshwater Bryozoa: Introduction to Bryozoa with photomicrographs of Lophopus.
		Although the marine bryozoa are most common in the shallow waters of the continental shelf, they have been found at ocean depths of 8000m.
		The colonies they form can be large gelatinous or calcareous patches involving many thousands of individuals, or long branching chains resembling plants (the "polyzoa" and "moss animalcules" of the early microscopists).
	www.micrographia.com /specbiol/bryoz/bryo/loph0100.htm (391 words)

	Introduction
		I rarely find bryozoa colonies in the upper 1 to 2 meter of the lake, especially not in these parts of the lake where wave action is induced by the wind.
		In sheltered areas bryozoa colonies can be found for instance on branches that hang into the water.
		In fast flowing streams i can imagine bryozoa to be prevented to settle and therefore not to be able to survive.
	www.bryozoans.nl /algemeen/en/introduction.html (1466 words)

	Fossil Record of the Bryozoa
		The Bryozoa are the only animal phylum with an extensive fossil record that does not appear in Cambrian or late Precambrian rocks.
		It is plausible that the Bryozoa existed in the Cambrian but were soft-bodied or not preserved for some other reason; perhaps they evolved from a phoronid -like ancestor at about this time.
		The stenolaemate bryozoans quickly radiated in the early Paleozoic and are very characteristic fossils of Paleozoic rocks, sometimes making substantial contributions to the formation of reefs, calcareous shales, and limestones.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /bryozoa/bryozoafr.html (336 words)

	Bryozoan Introduction
		In encrusting bryozoans, an individual zooid is housed in a calcified structure called a zooecium.
		Bryozoan diversity (as measured by number of species) within the Indian River Lagoon is approximately 1/3 that of bryozoa in coastal and offshore habitats (Winston 1995).
		Approximately 36 species of bryozoa are known to inhabit the Indian River Lagoon, Florida.
	www.sms.si.edu /irlspec/IntroBryozoa.htm (974 words)

	The Bryozoans (Phylum Bryozoa)
		Most species live in relatively shallow coastal waters, though Menipea normani from Iceland lives commonly at depths up to 1,000 metres and other species have been collected from depths as great as 6,000 metres.
		The original Phylum Bryozoa was split into two when scientists convinced themselves that a small group of about 150 animals that were then considered as part of the phylum Bryozoa deserved to be in a separate phylum of their own.
		These animals are now known as the Entoprocta and are distinguished by having their anus inside the space enclosed by their ring of tentacles.
	www.earthlife.net /inverts/bryozoa.html (2007 words)

	Palaeos Metazoa: Lophotrochozoa: Bryozoa
		For taxonomic purposes, the Bryozoa are classified as follows:
		Bryozoa with encrusting or erect colonies, many with communication pores.
		No fossil record except for a few statoblasts (resistant wintering structures) from Quaternary sediments.
	www.palaeos.com /Invertebrates/Lophotrochozoa/Bryozoa.htm (528 words)

	Bryozoa
		Bryozoa or which their other name Polyzoa (meaning many animals) describes these tiny colonial organisms more appropriately.
		Bryozoa, feed by using their tentacles to draw in minute particles to their mouth.
		Celleporella hyalina is heavily used in biological experiments as it can be successfully bred under laboratory conditions.
	www.pznow.co.uk /marine/bryozoa.html (182 words)

	The Sea Slug Forum - Bryozoa (Ectoprocta, Lace corals)
		Most people are unaware of the Bryozoa, but the species that make up this family, are relatively numerous, with over 5000 described species and often abundant.
		Some species are economically important, as prominent fouling organisms quickly settling and growing on the hulls of ships, wharfs and wharf piles, while others can quickly grow and block industrial water intake and outflow pipes.
		Rudman, W.B., 2006 (December 23) Bryozoa (Ectoprocta, Lace corals).
	www.seaslugforum.net /factsheet.cfm?base=bryozoa (325 words)

	Bryozoa (Site not responding. Last check: )
		There are about five-thousand living species, twice that in fossil species, the Bryozoa remain largely unknown to most people.
		Bryozoan colonies can differ greatly in size, but the Bryozoa that make up the colonies are very, very, very small.
		Bryozoan are used to make the drug Bryostatin 1, is currently under serious testing as an anti-cancer drug.
	www.geocities.com /element_mine/Bryozoa.html (116 words)

	CHECKLIST OF TRIASSIC BRYOZOA
		Non Bryozoa fide Schafer and Fois (1987); Nunc Porifera fide Engeser and Taylor (1989)
		Triassic Bryozoa and the evolutionary crisis of Paleozoic Stenolaemata.
		Triassic Bryozoa from the Murihiku and Torlesse Supergrops, New Zealand.
	www.geology.iupui.edu /research/PaleoLab/Projects/BryoLists/Triassic.htm (1812 words)

	Lab 2 – Lopotrochozoa (10 Phyla)
		Classification: The Bryozoa is divided into three classes: Class Stenolaemata, Class Gymnolaemata, and Class Phylactolaemata.
		The Entoprocta have their anus inside the lophophore (the ring of tentacles encircling the mouth) while the Bryozoa (also called the Ectoprocta) have their anus outside the lophophore.
		Entoprocta are attached to the substrate by a pedicel or stalk, and the largest portion of their body is contained in a calyx at the upper end of the stalk.
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~efc/classes/biol170/lab/Laboratory-2.htm (1534 words)

	Miocene Bryozoa of Maryland and Virginia
		The Miocene Epoch Bryozoa of Maryland and Virginia have been little revised since the 1920's.
		The Maryland Geographic Survey Miocene fossil volume and its accompanying atlas (1904) are the first work in which then existing data were gathered and new taxa described (Ulrich and Bassler, 1904).
		In this case, at least, we believe Canu has gone too far in his zealous endeavor to reduce the Cretaceous bryozoa to reasonable specific limits for we can neither believe that any species can exhibit the degree of variability indicated by him for M.
	pluto.njcc.com /~ret/test (9123 words)

	U of I Geology, Colonial Invertebrates Lab, Bryozoa
		Use the diagrams below, the reading (linked above), and the list of terms to help you locate the labelled parts.
		These specimens are from Phylum Bryozoa (always colonial, tiny openings with no septa), Class Stenolaemata, Order Trepostomata.
		These specimens are from Phylum Bryozoa (always colonial, tiny modules with no septa), Class Stenolaemata, Order Cryptostomata.
	porites.geology.uiowa.edu /lab5c.htm (223 words)

	Bryozoa Books
		Bryozoa Present and Past Papers Presented at 7th Intl Conf on Bryozoa, Bellingham
		Recent and Fossil Bryozoa : Papers Presented at the 5th International Conference on Bryozoa, Durham, 1980
		Bryozoa from Jrgen Brnlund Fjord, North Greenland : De Danske Peary Land Ekspeditioner
	www.allbookstores.com /Bryozoa.html (256 words)

	Moss animals (Bryozoa) - MavicaNET
		Despite the fact that there are about 5000 living species, with several times that number of fossil species, the Bryozoa remain largely unknown to most people. Bryozoans, or "moss animals," are aquatic organisms, living for the most part in colonies of interconnected individuals.
		The bryozoans are a widely distributed, aquatic, invertebrate group of animals whose members form colonies composed of numerous units called zooids (hence the term Polyzoa, which means "many animals").
		Second hand and antiquarian literature on Geology and Palaeontology: Bryozoa.
	www.mavicanet.com /directory/eng/7210.html (487 words)

	MICROSCOPY UK / MICSCAPE - Article : Bryozoan - A Mystery From the Antarctic
		He preserved them in an old coffee jar but it was a year later before he had a chance to study them under a microscope at the BAS headquarters in Cambridge, England.
		The light brown spheres are up to 3cm across and close study of them soon revealed that they were not only the first free-swimming bryozoan colonies ever recorded but also the first hollow colony for the Bryozoa phylum.
		The site where they were found is 400m deep and some distance from the normal bryozoan habitats.
	www.microscopy-uk.org.uk /mag/articles/bryozoa.html (971 words)

	Bryozoans (moss animals) - Starfish Photos - Moostierchen
		Unidentified Bryozoan - Bryozoa sp1 - nicht identifiziertes Moostierchen
		Unidentified Bryozoan - Bryozoa sp2 - nicht identifiziertes Moostierchen
		Unidentified Bryozoan - Bryozoa sp3 - nicht identifiziertes Moostierchen
	www.starfish.ch /collection/bryozoans.html (323 words)

	Wildlife of Sydney - Lace corals and sea mats - Bryozoa
		Wildlife of Sydney - Lace corals and sea mats - Bryozoa
		Individual members of the colony are called zooids, which come in a huge variety of shapes, colours and arrangements.
		Most coastal waters will have bryozoans present all year round.
	www.faunanet.gov.au /wos/group.cfm?Group_ID=1 (110 words)

	International Bryozoology Association Homepage
		The Bryozoa Homepage has a new home: www.bryozoa.net!
		The International Bryozoology Association brings together researchers of everything to do with Bryozoa from over 40 countries across the globe.
		This site is a resource for information regarding both the organisation and the phylum Bryozoa.
	www.nhm.ac.uk /hosted_sites/iba (79 words)

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