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Topic: Buccal cavity

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	XI. Splanchnology. 2a. The Mouth. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The crown of each is nearly cubical in form, convex on its buccal and lingual surfaces, flattened on its surfaces of contact; it is surmounted by four or five tubercles, or cusps, separated from each other by a crucial depression; hence the molars are sometimes termed multicuspids.
		1005), a cavity will be found in the interior of the crown and the center of each root; it opens by a minute orifice at the extremity of the latter.
		Some of the cells of the pulp are arranged as a layer on the wall of the pulp cavity; they are named the odontoblasts of Waldeyer, and during the development of the tooth, are columnar in shape, but later on, after the dentin is fully formed, they become flattened and resemble osteoblasts.
	www.bartleby.com /107/242.html (10444 words)

	CHITON - LoveToKnow Article on CHITON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		b, buccal mass; us, o, mouth (at the other end retractor muscles of the of the foot is seen the anus buccal mass; ov, ovary; raised on a papilla); kr, od, oviduct; i, coils of in- oral fringe; br, the numer- testines; ao, aorta; c, left ous ctenidia (branchial auricle; c, ventricle.
		Two pairs of glands open into the buccal cavity, and at the junction of phaynx and oesophagus is another pair called the sugar glands.
		On the floor of the pharynx or buccal mass is a rudimentary radula, which in many species consists of a single large tooth, bearing two small teeth or a row of teeth.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CH/CHITON.htm (4892 words)

	Nematode Digestive System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The stomodeum consists of the “mouth and lips”, buccal cavity, and the pharynx (esophagus).
		For example, the buccal cavity of plant parasitic nematodes (and some insect parasites) is modified in the form of a hollow spear, adapted to penetrate and withdraw the contents of host cells.
		The buccal cavity of bacterial feeding nematodes is relatively unadorned.
	nematode.unl.edu /digestive_system.html (109 words)

	Buccal Mucosa as a Route for Systemic Drug Delivery
		The oral cavity, on the other hand, is highly acceptable by patients, the mucosa is relatively permeable with a rich blood supply, it is robust and shows short recovery times after stress or damage (13-15), and the virtual lack of Langerhans cells (16) makes the oral mucosa tolerant to potential allergens.
		Buccal mucosa with underlying connective tissue is surgically removed from the oral cavity, the connective tissue is then carefully removed and the buccal mucosal membrane is isolated.
		Buccal drug delivery is a promising area for continued research with the aim of systemic delivery of orally inefficient drugs as well as a feasible and attractive alternative for non-invasive delivery of potent peptide and protein drug molecules.
	www.ualberta.ca /~csps/JPPS1(1)/A.Shojaei/buccalreview.htm (8650 words)

	Illustrated Key to the Genera of Free-living Marine Nematodes in the Superfamily Chromadoroidea - Exclusive of the ...
		Buccal cavity with single dorsal tooth; subventral teeth as two pairs.
		Buccal cavity with large dorsal tooth and two subventral teeth; denticles may also be present; esophageal bulb absent (Figs.
		Buccal cavity with dorsal and subventral teeth reduced; denticles absent; esophageal bulb present (Figs.
	creatures.ifas.ufl.edu /nematode/marine_nematodes.htm (1722 words)

	Dental compress - Patent 4983122
		An integrally formed buccal flange, either alone or in combination with the palatal member, extends upwardly from the exterior rim of the base and approximates and generally conforms to the buccal and labial tooth surfaces and gingival and mucosal surfaces of the upper oral cavity when the mouthpiece is positioned in the upper oral cavity.
		Thermal bags may also contact at least one of the buccal, labial, gingival or mucosal surfaces of the upper oral cavity when said bags are secured to the interior surface of the buccal flange of the mouthpiece, and may contact the cheek when secured to the exterior surface of the buccal flange of the mouthpiece.
		The buccal flange is easily trimmed with a pair of scissors at the frenula and/or tuberosity area of the second and third upper molar region to free mandibular movement and assure a comfortable fit in the patient's mouth.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4983122.html (5248 words)

	General Biology 2, Respiration in Vertebrates with Lungs
		Buccal cavity - the buccal cavity is used to pump air into the lungs and recirculate air to the exterior.
		The mouth floor is lowered to increase the volume and decrease the pressure in the buccal cavity.
		The nares are sealed and the floor of the mouth is raised to increase the pressure in the buccal cavity and force air into the lungs.
	www.usd.edu /biol/genbio/153/ken/kr6.html (1062 words)

	[No title]
		Buccal cavity is separated into 5 sections; cheilostom, prostom, mesostom, metastom and telostom (See ArcFIG9) (Bird A. and Bird J., 1991.
		The inside caliber of the buccal epithelial lumen increases markedly at each larval molt, and this increase in size of the buccal cavity is suggested to permit increased growth rate after each molt.
		Although the two major cuticles (the lip cuticle and buccal cavity cuticle) barely touch one another at the anterior margin of the arcade, they still appear to be in contact there.
	www.wormatlas.org /handbook/alimentary/alimentary1.htm (4628 words)

	Nematode Structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The four characters used in the nematode genera identification key are the buccal cavity (mouth), the tail shape, the amphids, and the cuticle pattern.
		The buccal cavity leads to the oesophagus, which is the muscular anterior part of the gut responsible for pumping food into the intestine.
		The lumen of the oesophagus is tri-radiate in cross-section (Fig.
	www.pml.ac.uk /nematode/nematodes (2117 words)

	Digestion
		Roughly it can be in five regions: the intake region (mouth and buccal cavity with radula and jaws), the pre-digestion region (oesophagus with salivary glands, lateral pouchs and crop), digestion region (three chambered stomach with the associated digestive gland), uptake region (intestine) and the excretion region (rectum and anus).
		The buccal cavity, a muscular cavity with a set of calcareous jaws, 2 radula knobs and the radula (rasp tongue), is situated behind the mouth opening.
		The buccal mass itself lies in the anterior part of the cephalic hemocoel (a large vascular sinus or cavity).
	www.applesnail.net /content/anatomy/digestion.php (1942 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Buccal cavity divided into an anterior cup shaped section supported by strongly developed buccal rugae and a narrower posterior tubular section supported by longitudinal cuticular rods.
		Female buccal cavity tubular divided by a fine suture confluent with a conspicuous, wide, heavily cuticularised oesophageal lumen which extends posterior to the nerve ring, three slender teeth with one larger than the others and this one may protrude some distance out of the buccal cavity
		buccal cavity dorsal, subterminal - ventral limb of amphid extents to tail - L = 0.5 to 1.5
	www.pml.ac.uk /nematode/tech/inuitData.xml (6801 words)

	Insect Parasitic Nematode Publications
		Ultrastructure of the buccal cavity region and oesophagus of the insect parasitic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
		The cheilostom of the buccal cavity of third stage infective juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is supported by an invaginated body cuticle.
		The lumen of the triangular cylindroid buccal cavity is continuous with a triradiate lumen that extends through the narrow musculo-oesophageal tissues of the corpus and postcorpus and continues through an enlarged basal bulb.
	www.oardc.ohio-state.edu /nematodes/getone.asp?id=4294 (215 words)

	Pathogenic_isopoda
		Regarding the most sensitive age of the fish hosts when the parasites attach in their buccal cavity, empirical observations agree with research results that there is a significant correlation between the rate of infection and the length of the host, fish fry being the evident target for isopod attachment.
		Later, after firm establishment in the buccal cavity of the host, the parasites are incapable of migrating to another and begin blood sucking (haematophagous).
		It seems that the anatomy of the buccal cavity and the dentition of sea bream inhibit the establishment of the isopods, thus adults are rarely found on sea bream.
	www.vetcare.gr /Pathogenic_isopoda.htm (3126 words)

	Feeding Stimulants Activate an Identified Dopaminergic Interneuron That Induces the Feeding Motor Program in Helisoma ...
		superfusion of the buccal ganglia with serotonin evokes a biphasic
		anterior esophagus and the surface of the buccal cavity with watermelon
		protraction, retraction, and hyperretraction of the buccal odontophore)
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/78/2/812 (7291 words)

	Biological Effects of Smokeless Tobacco Products
		For cancers arising in the and buccal mucosa, the risk was nearly 50-fold among long-term users and at least 87%1 of these tumors were attributable to snuff use.
		A survey of buccal, cavity and pharynx cancer mortality in the United States counties, 1950-1969, reveaI!ed elevated rates in urban males throughout the country and among females in the.rural South.
		* The hist~athology of o{al cavity of snuff dipper's shows'primarily leukoplakia and epithelial hyperplasia or dyspllasia.
	tobaccodocuments.org /landman/2001207641-7650.html (3566 words)

	Non-respiratory resiratory system
		mammals have a external and internal nares with a nasal cavity that is divided from the oral cavity by a secondary palate
		This results from the unequal amount of air that is sucked into the buccal cavity and air that is pushed into the lung.
		More efficient then a buccal pump because air can be moved from outside into lung in one phase (not two as into either 4 stroke pump of actinops or 4 stage pump of frogs).
	www.usm.maine.edu /bio/courses/bio205/bio205_22_respire.html (1161 words)

	Preparation and Evaluation of a Novel Buccal Adhesive System
		The conventional buccal adhesive tablets have some limitations: (1) conventional tablets may not have a uniform adhesive layer, leading to weak adhesion; and (2) because of nonuniform adhesive and backing layers, the release of drug may not be unidirectional.
		After the buccal membrane was equilibrated with Krebs buffer solution between both the chambers, the receiver chamber was filled with fresh Krebs buffer solution (pH 6.6), and the donor chamber was charged with a known volume of PH solution, 4.5 mg/mL.
		In this study, porcine and rabbit buccal mucosa were used as biological membranes to investigate the effect of different biological membranes on MS.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt050335 (4808 words)

	Mononchus papillatus Species page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Buccal cavity thick-walled, about twice as long as wide, with large dorsal tooth in anterior fourth of cavity, opposed by a longitudinal thickening of buccal walls.
		Tail conoid-arcuate without caudal glands and spineret, usually with two pairs of caudal pores (one dorsal pair in anterior third of tail and one ventral pair in posterior third of tail).
		Details of labial, buccal, and esophageal regions similar to those of female.
	nematode.unl.edu /monopill.htm (315 words)

	Applied Medical Reseach & Development - Uses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The SG Retractor is placed in the buccal cavity and advanced around the tongue by rotating the retractor handle rostrally.
		An alternative technique is to first open the patient’s mouth with the left hand and advance the supraglottic airway into the buccal cavity until the soft palate is reached.
		No fingers or hands within the buccal cavity are needed.
	www.amrad.cc /GenUses.html (507 words)

	[No title]
		Suction phase - buccal & opercular cavities compressed, valves closed - as buccal cavity expands symbol 174 \f "Symbol" \s 12 decrease intraoral press symbol 174 \f "Symbol" \s 12 oral valve opens and water rushes in - simult.
		Inhalation phase - mouth breaks surface to gulp air into buccal cavity - air is then forced into lungs - due to muscular contraction/ external water pressure Similar mechanism for air bladders, accept anterior air chamber can play role of buccal cavity.
		buccal cavity serves dual role in feeding and ventilation.
	www-biol.paisley.ac.uk /courses/vert_physiol/RESP_99.DOC (3699 words)

	Oral cavity and oropharynx
		Anterior 2/3 of tongue (oral tongue): freely mobile portion of tongue that extends anteriorly from line of circumvallate papillae to undersurface of tongue at junction of floor of mouth; composed of four areas - the tip, the lateral borders, the dorsum and the undersurface (nonvillous ventral surface of tongue)
		Buccal mucosa: all of the membrane lining the inner surface of cheeks and lips from line of contact of opposing lips to line of attachment of mucosa of alveolar ridge (upper and lower) and pterygomandibular raphe
		Upper alveolar ridge: mucosa overlying alveolar process of maxilla which extends from line of attachment of mucosa in upper gingival buccal gutter to junction of hard palate; posterior margin is upper end of pterygopalatine arch
	www.pathologyoutlines.com /oralcavity.html (2679 words)

	BLEPHARISMA
		It usually eats bacteria found in decomposing vegetation by drawing them into its vortex of membranelles that surround its buccal cavity (mouth).
		But once the buccal cavity and all its associated structures are understood the organism as a whole is easier to view.
		Using what you know about the location of the buccal cavity and its related structures try to determine which view of the cell you are looking at.
	www.zoology.ubc.ca /courses/bio332/Labs/CiliateProject/blepharisma/bleph1web.html (295 words)

	Body cavities and the digestive system
		The oral cavity is formed by an invagination at the anterior part of the embryo, called the stomodeum that differentiates and eventually becomes connected to the archenteron or gut tube
		The general structure of the oral cavity is dependent in part on the primary mode of feeding that an animal uses
		In fishes, both food and air enters the mouth and empty into the pharynx and the nasal pits are not continuous with the mouth.
	www.shsu.edu /~bio_mlt/Chapter13.html (2681 words)

	CHITON - Online Information article about CHITON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		mass; in, o, mouth (at the other end retractor muscles of the of the foot is seen the anus buccal mass; ov, ovary; raised on a papilla); kr, od, oviduct; i, coils of in- oral fringe; br, the numer- testines; ao, aorta; c', See also:
		The four cords are all connected anteriorly with the cerebral commissure which lies above the buccal mass anteriorly.
		From the points where the cords meet the cerebral commissure, arise on each an anterior labial commissure and a stomatogastric commissure.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CHA_CHR/CHITON.html (2208 words)

	Euplotes
		Outline the left side of the buccal cavity.
		Located at the base of the buccal cavity where the polykineti are seen ending off.
		Located near where the polykinety end on the left side of the buccal cavity.
	www.zoology.ubc.ca /courses/bio332/Labs/CiliateProject/euplotes/Euplotes.htm (220 words)

	Lymphatic System
		Oropharyngeal cavity in fish is defined as a cavity directly behind the mouth that contains teeth and is perforated by gill slits.
		The buccal cavity or oral cavity houses a tongue, teeth, but no gill slits and contains a palate.
		During prey consumption, the trachea is pulled to a ventral and anterior position and pops out in the front of the buccal cavity as a "snorkel" for breathing.
	comenius.susqu.edu /bi/302/Lecture24.htm (571 words)

	Morphology predicts suction feeding performance in centrarchid fishes -- Carroll et al. 207 (22): 3873 -- Journal of ...
		The buccal cavity may be modeled as an expanding cylinder with
		caudal extents of the buccal cavity was measured.
		the rostral and caudal extents of the buccal cavity, assuming
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/22/3873 (4410 words)

	Oral cavity cancer (lip and oral cavity cancer): Treatment - Patient Information [NCI PDQ] -- Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Cancer of the lip and oral cavity is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the tissues of the lip or mouth.
		Often lip and oral cavity cancers are found by dentists when examining the teeth.
		The chance of recovery (prognosis) depends on where the cancer is in the lip or mouth, whether the cancer is just in the lip or mouth or has spread to other tissues (the stage), and the patient’s general state of health.
	www.webmd.com /hw/oral_cancers/ncicdr0000062724-description.asp (434 words)

	Pulmonary Gas Exchange (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Valves of glottis and nostrils open, and floor of buccal cavity is lowered.
		Nostrils close and buccal cavity contracts _ forces air into lungs.
		Glottis closes and nostrils open, and floor of buccal cavity is depressed _ draws new air into buccal cavity.
	www.bio.sdsu.edu /pub/tod/herpetology/lectures/gas_exchange/tsld009.htm (55 words)

	Khandaker Partners, Inc - Tuesday Nov 08 2005
		The Company's primary focus at the present time is its proprietary technology for the administration of formulations of large molecule drugs to the oral (buccal) cavity using a hand-held aerosol applicator.
		Generex expects its buccal delivery technology to have applications to many large molecule drugs, and to provide a convenient, non-invasive, accurate and cost effective way to administer such drugs.
		Absorption of the pharmaceutical agent occurs in the buccal cavity, principally through the inner cheek walls.
	www.biobn.com /index.cfm?page=viewcompany&CoID=93 (389 words)

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