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Topic: Buccal mucosa

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	OMFP: Describing Oral Soft Tissue Lesions - VCU School of Dentistry
		The labial mucosae are the rectangular areas between imaginary lines drawn from the commissures to the distal surfaces of the upper and lower cuspids, extending from the vermilion border into the vestibule.
		The buccal mucosa is the entire lining mucosa of the cheeks which is confluent anteriorly with labial mucosa and commissure and extends posteriorly to a fold, the pterygomandibular raphe.
		Although the vestibular sulcus or fornix and buccal mucosa are confluent, the vestibular sulcus is the horseshoe-shaped furrow formed by the reflection of the superior and inferior borders of the buccal mucosa and labial mucosa.
	www.dentistry.vcu.edu /departments/opath/labcasex/textfiles/descriptions/softissdesite.html (2482 words)

	eMedicine - Buccal Carcinoma : Article by David P Goldstein, MD, FRCSC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Sensory innervation of the buccal mucosa and cheek skin is from the maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve.
		The primary-echelon lymphatics of the buccal mucosa drain to the facial nodes (prevascular and postvascular nodes) and submandibular nodes prior to draining to the upper jugular nodes (jugulodigastric nodes).
		Chhetri DK, Rawnsley JD, Calcaterra TC: Carcinoma of the buccal mucosa.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic781.htm (5400 words)

	Buccal Mucosa as a Route for Systemic Drug Delivery
		The mucosae of the soft palate, the sublingual, and the buccal regions, however, are not keratinized (18).
		Buccal mucosa with underlying connective tissue is surgically removed from the oral cavity, the connective tissue is then carefully removed and the buccal mucosal membrane is isolated.
		Buccal drug delivery is a promising area for continued research with the aim of systemic delivery of orally inefficient drugs as well as a feasible and attractive alternative for non-invasive delivery of potent peptide and protein drug molecules.
	www.ualberta.ca /~csps/JPPS1(1)/A.Shojaei/buccalreview.htm (8650 words)

	Patent 6,180,682
		The buccal dosage unit comprises a an androgenic agent and a progestin in a polymeric carrier that bioerodes and provides for delivery of the active agents throughout a predetermined drug delivery period that is preferably in the range of approximately 8 to 24 hours.
		Accordingly, in a first embodiment, then, a pharmaceutical composition is provided in the form of a simple, compact buccal dosage unit comprising therapeutically effective amounts of an androgenic agent and a progestin in a bioerodible polymeric carrier, wherein the carrier is such that it enables the dosage unit to adhere to the buccal mucosa.
		The composition is administered through the buccal mucosa by affixing a dosage unit as provided herein to the buccal mucosa and allowing the dosage unit to remain in place until erosion is complete.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/January2001/013001OG/6180682_Buccal013001.htm (595 words)

	Transbuccal delivery of lamotrigine across porcine buccal mucosa: in vitro determination of routes of buccal transport.
		Transbuccal permeation of lamotrigine across porcine buccal mucosa was studied by using in-line Franz type diffusion cell at 37ºC. The permeability of lamotrigine was determined at pH 4.0 to 9.0.
		The aim of present study was to investigate the permeation of lamotrigine across porcine buccal mucosa ex vivo, the effect of the ionization state of lamotrigine at different pH on buccal permeation and to understand the in vitro transport of lamotrigine across porcine mucosa based on varying pH.
		The mucosa was separated from the diffusion cell after the permeation run of donor solution containing 0.4 mg/ml lamotrigine at various pH and was homogenized using a mortar and pestle and extracted three times with 10 ml methanol.
	www.ualberta.ca /~csps/JPPS8(1)/V.Sutariya/lamotrigine.htm (3936 words)

	:: International Braz J Urol ::
		The skin or buccal mucosa graft is spread-fixed and quilted to the underlying corpora, and its lower margin is sutured to the proximal mucosal edge of the urethra (Figure-3, B).
		Recently, buccal mucosa grafts have been used instead of preputial skin in a wide series of patients who were treated with ventral onlay patch urethroplasty.
		Buccal mucosa is thicker and has a higher density of elastic fibres than preputial skin; it is probably more resistant to mechanical weakening over time.
	www.brazjurol.com.br /march_april_2003/Barbagli_ing_155_161.htm (2412 words)

	Peptides and Proteins - Buccal Absorption (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Relative to the nasal and rectal routes, the buccal mucosa has low enzymatic activity, and drug inactivation owing biochemical degradation is not as rapid and extensive (2).
		The buccal mucosa is well-suited for this type of modification because it is less prone to irreversible damage (3).
		The buccal mucosa is continuously bathed by saliva, and the secreted saliva lowers the drug concentration at the absorbing membrane.
	www.dekker.com /sdek/78586757-20260636/abstract~db=enc~content=a713491595~words= (810 words)

	Using buccal mucosa grafts for urethral reconstruction - UrologyTimes
		In the vast majority of cases, however, the inner cheek is the preferred donor site for buccal mucosa, as tissue is far more abundant and the risk of scar contraction of the lip is avoided.
		Buccal grafts exhibit a minimum amount of contracture, and thus we usually exaggerate the graft dimensions by 10% at most.
		The buccal mucosa graft is becoming the material of choice for complex urethral reconstruction in the setting of hypospadias.
	www.urologytimes.com /urologytimes/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=18900 (2028 words)

	Preparation and Evaluation of a Novel Buccal Adhesive System
		The conventional buccal adhesive tablets have some limitations: (1) conventional tablets may not have a uniform adhesive layer, leading to weak adhesion; and (2) because of nonuniform adhesive and backing layers, the release of drug may not be unidirectional.
		Porcine buccal mucosa as well as rabbit buccal mucosa were obtained from a local slaughterhouse and stored in Krebs buffer at 4°C upon collection.
		In this study, porcine and rabbit buccal mucosa were used as biological membranes to investigate the effect of different biological membranes on MS.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt050335&pdf=yes (4808 words)

	eMedicine - Buccal Carcinoma : Article Excerpt by: David P Goldstein, MD, FRCSC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is relatively uncommon in North America, compared with other oral-cavity cancers such as carcinomas of the tongue or floor of the mouth.
		The buccal region is particularly important in the oral preparatory phase of swallowing because it prevents food from spilling into the lateral oral gutters or extraorally as the food bolus is being prepared.
		The incidence of buccal carcinoma is higher in Asia, particularly Southeast Asia, where it is the most common form of oral cavity cancer.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/byname/buccal-carcinoma.htm (700 words)

	:: International Braz J Urol ::
		Buccal mucosa has been advocated as an ideal graft material for urethral reconstruction.
		Buccal mucosa grafts used as a ventral onlay for bulbar urethral reconstruction yield reproducibly excellent results with minimal morbidity and low complication rates.
		In this multi-institutional study the results of 53 patients who underwent buccal mucosa craft urethroplasty in complicated stricture disease were studied.
	www.brazjurol.com.br /july_august_2002/survey/urological_survey_stenzl_379_380.htm (385 words)

	The Ultimate EMS Resource
		In this interesting study, buccal midazolam may be better than rectal diazepam in the treatment of pediatric and adolescent seizures.
		He pointed out that buccal administration might be better than nasal administration because of the increased surface area of the buccal mucosa compared to the nasal mucosa.
		He concluded that buccal midazolam may be equal to or superior to rectal diazepam for treatment of prolonged seizures in children.
	www.merginet.com /index.cfm?pg=pediatric&fn=buccal_midazolam (246 words)

	New Page 0 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		With the patient's mouth partially open, visually examine the labial mucosa and sulcus of the maxillary vestibule and frenum and the mandibular vestibule.
		Note any change in pigmentation, color, texture, mobility and other abnormalities of the mucosa, amking sure that the commissures are examined carefully and are not covered by the retractors during cheek retraction.
		First, examine the buccal and labial aspects of the gingiva and alveolar ridges (processes) by starting with the right maxillary posterior gingiva and alveolar ridge and then move around the arch to the left posterior area.
	www.aocf.org /Professionals.htm (668 words)

	Principles of Pediatric Dermatology - Chapter 45 : DISEASES OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES
		The ulcers are punched out, covered by dirty white pseudomembrane covering the mucous membranes of the tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, tonsils, and the pharynx and may involve the whole respiratory tract mucosa.
		Mucous membrane of the buccal mucosa, palate, lips and tongue may be involved.
		Round, oval or irregular patches of brown or almost fl pigmentation 1-5 mm in diameter are irregularly distributed over the buccal mucosa, the gums, the hard palate and the lips, especially the lower.
	www.drmhijazy.com /english/chapters/chapter45.htm (1846 words)

	Detecting Oral Cancer: A Guide for Health Care Professionals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The perioral and intraoral examination procedure follows a seven-step systematic assessment of the lips; labial mucosa and sulcus; commissures, buccal mucosa, and sulcus; gingiva and alveolar ridge; tongue; floor of the mouth; and hard and soft palate.
		LABIAL MUCOSA: (Figures 3 and 4) With the patient's mouth partially open, visually examine the labial mucosa and sulcus of the maxillary vestibule and frenum and the mandibular vestibule.
		BUCCAL MUCOSA: (Figures 5 and 6) Retract the buccal mucosa.
	www.nidcr.nih.gov /HealthInformation/DiseasesAndConditions/OralCancer/DetectingOralCancer.htm (1166 words)

	Dacryo-fornix-rhinostomy with buccal mucosa
		The exposed nasal mucosa is sutured to the posterior lip of fornix conjunctiva, and a piece of buccal mucosa is sutured between the anterior lip of the conjunctival wound and the nasal mucosa at anterior part of bone window.
		The nasal mucosa is detached from the overlying bone laterally, inferiorly and medially.
		If the posterior nasal mucosa is too short, buccal mucosa can be used as some part of posterior wall of the passage.
	users.unimi.it /~chplast/ups/_10t01e.html (1625 words)

	buccal mucosa
		Key to Abstracting The size of the primary tumor must be recorded in order to determine the T (tumor) classification of the TNM staging system: lip, buccal mucosa, alveolar ridge...
		Abstract: CARCINOGEN METABOLISM ENZYME EXPRESSION IN BUCCAL CELLS Develop quantitative real-time RT-PCR assays for the evaluation of gene expression of a panel of carcinogen metabolizing enzymes in buccal mucosa, including Ahr...
		Anatomy of Head and Neck...ventral, border) of the tongue except the base of tongue, lingual tonsil, gums (alveolar ridge), floor of mouth, hard palate, buccal mucosa, and retromolar...
	www.cancer-help.org /cancer/0604/buccal_mucosa.html (495 words)

	Transmucosal Permeation of Topically Applied Diclofenac and Piroxicam
		In view of the fact that the therapeutic efficacy of NSAIDs depends on their penetration into the mucosal and underlying tissues, it was the objective of the present study to investigate the permeability of human vaginal mucosa, as a model of buccal mucosa, to aqueous and commercially available gel forms of diclofenac and piroxicam.
		The net effect of these complex interactions between the constituents of the mucosa, piroxicam, and the components of the donor vehicle that might enhance drug permeability or retain it in the formulation are difficult to predict.
		This appears to indicate that maximal partitioning to the mucosa from the vehicle and/or saturable diffusion kinetics for piroxicam across the tissue is achieved at concentrations of 5 mg/mL or less under the experimental conditions used.
	jrnlappliedresearch.com /articles/Vol3Iss3/VanDerBikl.htm (3087 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 9, Ch. 105, Disorders Of The Oral Region
		The mucosa seen on viewing the face is keratinized and dry; the mucosa of the inner aspect of the lips is nonkeratinized and moist.
		The buccal mucosa, including the vestibule and nonkeratinized alveolar mucosa, is usually smooth, moist, and pink.
		Nonkeratinized mucosa occurs over alveolar bone furthest from the crowns of teeth, inside the lips, in the cheeks, on the sides and undersurface of the tongue, on the soft palate, and on the floor of the mouth.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section9/chapter105/105a.jsp (682 words)

	CancerSource.com NCI Physician PDQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Early cancers of the buccal mucosa are equally curable by radiation therapy or by adequate excision.
		The risk of metastases to lymph nodes is increased by high-grade histology, large lesions, spread to involve the wet mucosa of the lip or the buccal mucosa in patients with recurrent disease, and invasion of muscle (orbicularis oris).
		For lesions of the lip, anterior tongue, buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, retromolar trigone, upper gingiva, and hard palate, treatment will be dictated by the location and size of the recurrent lesion as well as prior treatment.
	www.cancersource.com /pdqindex/detail.cfm?DiseaseID=11&ContentID=15920 (5685 words)

	Stanford Cancer Center - Cheek Cancer \| Cancer Types \| Stanford Cancer Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The inside surface of the cheeks and lips is called the buccal mucosa.
		Buccal mucosa cancers can be treated with surgery and/or radiation and in rare instances experimental chemotherapy, depending on the stage and type of cancer.
		Tobacco and alcohol consumption are the primary causes of buccal mucosa cancers.
	cancer.stanfordhospital.com /cancerTypes/headAndNeck/lipOralCavity/cheek/default (275 words)

	South African Journal of Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Since freezing and storage at —85oC has been used before for human and porcine buccal mucosa, it was considered appropriate to investigate the barrier properties to water, 17b-estradiol and dextrans of fresh and frozen human buccal and vaginal mucosa.
		Clinically healthy human vaginal and buccal mucosa specimens were obtained during vaginal hysterectomies and different oral surgical procedures.
		These results support the use of frozen, banked buccal and vaginal mucosa, whenever it is not practical to use these two tissues within hours of removal from patients.
	www.nrf.ac.za /sajs/aboct98i.stm (283 words)

	E-Pie: Pathology Information Exchange
		Oral LP presents as keratotic and reticular (the reticular pattern is the most common type), atrophic or erosive (the erosive type is the most important clinically), or plaque-like (the hypertrophic type, which is the least common).
		The locations of transformation are not in the high-risk locations of the conventional oral SCC, but rather involve the buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva—same locations as conventional lichen planus.
		We have recently encountered three cases: one from the buccal mucosa (Figs 1-2), one from the gingiva, and one from the tongue.
	www.dental.washington.edu /oralpath/newsletter/april-04/case.htm (1001 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco and snuff) is associated with cancers of the buccal mucosa and gingiva.
		Palpation reveals the lesion to be firm and "fixed" to the surrounding tissues, a property known as "induration." Microscopic appearance of such a lesion will invariably reveal invasion of the underlying tissues, a change that is responsible for the clinical feature of induration.
		Because it is impossible to diagnose mucosal dysplasia from clinical examination, it is necessary to biopsy all lesions of the oral mucosa.
	www.usc.edu /hsc/dental/opath/Chapters/Chapter13_Text.html (4945 words)

	Epithelial Lesions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Nicotine Stomatitis A diffuse white change of the palate and/or buccal mucosa caused by a combination of hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, frequently containing multiple small dimpled nodules; found in heavy smokers.
		Adenosquamous Carcinoma Rare, aggressive carcinoma of the mucosa consisting of a mixture of malignant squamous and glandular cells.
		Nodular Melanoma A form of melanoma of the skin, and occasionally the mucosa, that arises as a raised mass with a limited macular radial-growth phase, quickly invades and metastasizes, and consists of a wide variety of cell shapes and sizes.
	www.marquette.edu /dentistry/oralpath/surg/epi.htm (1372 words)

	case24 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The discomfort has consistently involved the labial and buccal mucosa and the tongue.
		The white epithelial thickening lesions on the skin and buccal and labial mucosa are thickened, firm, and rough to palpation.
		Ulcers on the lower lip and buccal and lingual mucosa are tender to palpation.
	www.uiowa.edu /~oprm/webcase/mac/casehis24/casetxt.html (279 words)

	DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,Herpes simplex virus infection,herpetic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This small hard fl nodule embedded in the right buccal mucosa of a 5-year-old boy was found by a dental consultant to be a pencil point.
		erosions on buccal mucosa with warty nodules on the lips and buccal mucosa
		This 43-year-old man with Human immunodeficiency virus infection developed painful erosions on his buccal mucosa and a thick scaly violaceous plaque on the mid back 6 months earlier.
	dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu /derm/result.cfm?OutputSet=2&BO=AND&BodySite=58 (335 words)

	Buccal mucosa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Buccal mucosa is mucous membrane of the inside of the cheek.
		It is non-keratinised and is continuous with the mucosae of the soft palate, under surface of tongue and the floor of the mouth
		This page was last modified 19:08, 10 January 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Buccal_mucosa (68 words)

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