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Topic: Bucket argument


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  Bucket argument
Newton advanced his so-called "bucket argument" in support of the belief that space is a substance existing independently of the matter it contains.
The bucket argument is a thought experiment describing a universe containing nothing but a pail of water suspended from a rope.
A variant of this argument which leaves out the troublesome rope has a universe composed of two rods lying separated in the z-direction, with their respective centres on the z-axis, and each perpendicular to the z-axis; one rod is at rest, and the other is rotating in the xy plane about its centre.
www.fastload.org /bu/Bucket_argument.html   (391 words)

  
 Bucket argument - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Isaac Newton's rotating bucket argument is aimed at showing that true rotational motion cannot be defined as the relative rotation of the body with respect to the immediately surrounding bodies.
It is one of five arguments from the "properties, causes, and effects" of true motion and rest that support his contention that, in general, true motion and rest cannot be defined as special instances of motion or rest relative to other bodies, but instead can be defined only by reference to absolute space.
Despite their embrace of the principle of rectilinear inertia and the recognition of the kinematical relativity of apparent motion (which underdetermines whether the Ptolemaic or the Copernican system is correct), natural philosophers of the seventeenth century continued to consider true motion and rest as genuinely contrary predications of an individual body.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bucket_argument   (739 words)

  
 Philosophy of space and time - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The concave surface is apparently not the result of the interaction of the bucket and the water, since the water is flat when the bucket first starts to spin, becomes concave as the water starts to spin, and remains concave as the bucket stops.
Not denying the existence of phenomena like that seen in the bucket argument, he still denied the absolutist conclusion by offering a different answer as to what the bucket was rotating in relation to: the fixed stars.
This argument is based upon a denial of the types of definitions, often quite complicated, that allow us to find time-reversal symmetries, arguing that these definitions themselves are the cause of there appearing to be a problem of the direction of time.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Philosophy_of_time   (3782 words)

  
 [No title]
Arguments can then be constructed which lead to conclusions which reflect facts unobservable and un-testable; causes must have a different ontological rank from their effects.
The rejection of contradiction as a fallacy is exhibited in Newton’s infinitesimal calculus, which is based on the presupposition of the actuality of the infinite series, while the rejection of circularity as fallacy is exhibited in the proof of his gravitational theory.
Newton des not hold that discernibility is a necessary logical condition of existence, and therefore his arguments about absolute space, absolute time, and absolute motion can be revisited in the light of his view that all of these are potential things, yet their full actuality is the conceptual foundation of physical structure.
www.tau.ac.il /~bechler/docs/29sep05_Kerszberg_on_Newton.doc   (1276 words)

  
 Newton's bucket   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
After the bucket stops and the water goes on spinning relative to the bucket then the surface of the water is concave.
Certainly the shape of the surface of the water is not determined by the spin of the water relative to the bucket.
The behaviour of Newton's spinning bucket is, as Mach claimed, determined by the gravitational forces of all the matter in the universe.
www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/HistTopics/Newton_bucket.html   (1786 words)

  
 OpenVMS Record Management Services Reference Manual   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Arguments fall into many categories: values, addresses, keywords, and the address of the control block to receive the specified arguments.
The RAB argument rab-address is required for the $RAB_STORE macro and is not present for the $RAB macro.
The RAB argument rab64-address is required for the $RAB64_STORE macro and is not present for the $RAB64 macro.
www.cuis.edu /doc_vms_html/000000/731final/4523/4523pro_037.html   (2435 words)

  
 Traffic Policing   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The exceed bucket is initially full (the full exceed bucket size is the number of bytes specified in the maximum burst size).
The exceed bucket is unaffected in this scenario.
Therefore, the conform token bucket now has 1000 bytes (the maximum number of tokens available in the conform bucket) and 200 bytes overflow the conform token bucket (because it only 200 bytes were needed to fill the conform token bucket to capacity).
www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/122t/122t2/ftpoli.htm   (3815 words)

  
 FakeHash - Simulate the behavior of a Perl hash variable   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
A function that is called once for each bucket in the hash, prior to iterating over the nodes in the bucket.
object representing the first node in the bucket (or an undefined value of the bucket is empty,) and the user parameter.
object representing the first node in the bucket; the node's number within the bucket (0 for the first node in the bucket); the node itself; and the user parameter.
perl.plover.com /FakeHash/manual.html   (1031 words)

  
 Cedar Park Church of Christ Written Debate On Baptism
We should be careful not to fall prey to the old argument, "Well, no one of them proves it, but if you look at them all together, if you take them in combination, they give such strong evidence of the fact that you really can't deny it." This is the old "leaky bucket" argument.
The truth of the matter is that they occur at the same time for when a man's sins are forgiven, his conscience becomes a clean conscience because sins are washed away when one is baptized (Acts 22:16).
Upon analyzing his drilling expeditions, it can be seen that his bits are dulled and broken, but not one of the buckets has a hole in it and the accumulative evidence from all of these passages overwhelms Mr.
www.cedarparkchurchofchrist.org /debate/debate7.htm   (2120 words)

  
 [No title]
(weak-p nil :type (member t nil)) ;; #+gengc ;; Chain of buckets that need to be rehashed because their hashing is EQ ;; based and the key has been moved by the garbage collector.
(bucket nil :type (or null hash-table-bucket)) ;;) ;;; Non-gengc: ;;; ;;; %puthash: if there are any active scans, then make sure the current bucket ;;; for each scan holds the key we are trying to puthash, and flame out of it ;;; isn't.
If so, ;;; it needs to add it to a list of buckets that will be processed after all ;;; the buckets visable in the hash-table-table have been delt with.
www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/clisp/OldFiles/src/old/code/hash.lisp   (1121 words)

  
 Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence
Note that, as the velocity of the water relative to the sides of the bucket decreases, the curvature of the water surface increases.
Put simply, the PSR says that there is an explanation (whether we know it or not) of (1) the existence of any object that exists, (2) why each existing object has each of the properties that it does, (3) every positive fact whatever (where positive facts are facts about existing objects and their properties).
Though similar to the PII argument, it can be regarded as based on an entirely different general principle, the verificationist theory of meaning favored by hardline empiricists.
web.ics.purdue.edu /~curd/LCC.html   (1587 words)

  
 A Proposal to Add Hashtables to the Standard Library
Abstractly, a hash function is a function f(k) that takes an argument of type Key and returns an integer in the range [0, B), where B is the number of buckets in the hash table.
To maintain average case complexity O(1) for lookup, the bucket count must grow as elements are added to the hash table; on average the bucket count must be proportional to N. Another way of putting this is that the load factor, N/B, must be approximately constant.
When adding a bucket it is only necessary to examine the elements of a single old bucket, distributing some of them to the new one.
std.dkuug.dk /jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2001/n1326.html   (6119 words)

  
 Consciousness studies: The philosophical problem - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
So Lynds' argument that change is due to the uncertainty principle is actually an argument that change is due to differing planes of simultaneity between systems that are in relative motion.
Newton supported substantivalism by arguing that when the water in a bucket rotates it adopts a concave surface that is independent of other motions and provides evidence of the possibility of absolute motion.
Newton also introduces the globe argument in which he proposes that the state of motion of two globes connected by a taut thread can be gauged from the tension in the thread alone.
en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Consciousness_studies:_The_philosophical_problem   (6224 words)

  
 notes/space
Zeno's arguments try to show motion is impossible, whether the units of space (and time) are considered to be discrete (i.e., having a smallest size, such that it cannot be divided any further) or continuous (i.e., there is no smallest unit, so that a spatial, or temporal, magnitude can be divided infinitely).
When the water in a bucket rotates, the water rises due to the non-inertial forces that are generated by the water particles hitting the side of the bucket.
Berkeley's other argument: Since the bucket moves with the earth, and the earth is engaged in numerous other motions (spinning on its axis, motion around the sun, etc.), it is not the case that the bucket is involved in a true circular motion.
course1.winona.edu /eslowik/notes.htm   (17186 words)

  
 School of Computer & Information Science - University of South Australia
argument determines the maximum bucket value returned by the hash function.
The third argument (5) provides a seed value for the hash function.
table by specifying 10 buckets (0 to 9) and then returning the data from bucket 1.
www.cis.unisa.edu.au /oracle/server.101/b10759/functions097.htm   (342 words)

  
 Filtering I/O in Apache 2.0
The final argument is the request_rec to pass to the filter when it is called.
The first argument is a pointer to the current filter structure.
The first argument is a pointer to the next filter to call, and the second is the bucket brigade to pass to that filter.
www.serverwatch.com /tutorials/print.php/10825_1129721_3   (328 words)

  
 Hashed Associative Container
A hash function must be deterministic (that is, it must always return the same value whenever it is called with the same argument), but return values of the hash function should be as uniform as possible: ideally, no two keys will hash to the same value.
A Hashed Associative Container uses the value of the hash function to determine which bucket an element is assigned to.
The default constructor, constructor with bucket count, constructor with hash function, and constructor with key equal, are all amortized constant time.
www.sgi.com /tech/stl/HashedAssociativeContainer.html   (639 words)

  
 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Let me go after the token bucket argument, since I feel more comfortable with that one, and then we can debate taxonomies later.
I think token bucket is a good first swipe at trying to optimize network usage by guaranteed streams in a world where stat muxing is the wrong answer.
I've done a tiny bit of experimenting with token bucket parameters on real data, and what I've seen is that there's typically an (R,B) trough in the curve, where if you increase R, B decreases very slowly relative to increases in R, and vice-versa.
www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/cmcl/link.vcnectar/member/qma/Mail/end/218   (544 words)

  
 scripts::map2slim   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The bucket term has a slim ID which is transient and is there only to facilitate the mapping.
The bucket term has the prefix Z-OTHER; the Z is a hack to make sure that the term is always listed last in the alphabetic ordering.
The bucket term has an implicit relationship to all OTHER siblings not in the slim.
www.godatabase.org /dev/pod/scripts/map2slim.html   (912 words)

  
 Impish Sprite - Physics Help and Math Help - Physics Forums   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Argument 1: There is an infinite number of balls in the bucket.
Either way argument 1 seems more sensible to me. The rate of growth of the number of balls in the bucket is 1 per operation, so no matter how many operations you perform there will always be at least 1 ball in the bucket.
The are half as many balls in the bucket as were originally thrown there, so number of balls equals 1/2 n and n-> infinity.
www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?threadid=28841   (1091 words)

  
 mod_perl: Apache::Filter - Perl API for Apache 2.0 Filtering
the argument that was passed to the filter handler (the fifth argument).
This is a streaming filter method, which acquires a single bucket brigade behind the scenes and reads data from all its buckets.
When this flag is prematurely set (before the real EOS bucket has arrived) in the current filter invocation, instead of invoking the filter again, mod_perl will create and send the EOS bucket to the next filter, ignoring any other bucket brigades that may have left to consume.
perl.apache.org /docs/2.0/api/Apache/Filter.html   (2091 words)

  
 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz -- Metaphysics [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
The key argument is often called the 'bucket' argument.
With linear motion, the frame does not matter (as far as the mathematics are concerned, it does not matter if the boat is moving away from the shore, or the shore is moving away from the boat); even linear acceleration (changing velocity but not direction) can be accounted for from various frames of reference.
For the water rising against the sides of the bucket can be understood if the water is moving within a stationary universe, but makes no sense if the water is stationary and the universe is spinning.
www.iep.utm.edu /l/leib-met.htm   (10245 words)

  
 A Proposal to Add Hash Tables to the Standard Library
When looking up an item in a hash table by key k, the general strategy is to find the bucket that corresponds to k and then to perform a linear search within that bucket.
Second, linear search within a bucket uses equality (see III.C), and equality is such a common operation that in most cases I expect that a user-supplied equality predicate will have been written for some other purpose, and will be reused as a hash table template argument.
N/B, where N is the number of elements in the container and B is the bucket count.
www.open-std.org /jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1456.html   (7996 words)

  
 KCGL1 Help IMON DIAGNOSTICS   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Run I-MON again and specify either the correct image or use /process or /id to specify the process to be monitored.
Check to make sure that the bucket size argument is correct.
Remember that if it begins with a leading '0', this means that the value is the decimal number of buckets instead of the bucket size in hex.
www.ttinet.com /htbin/helpgate/HELP/IMON/DIAGNOSTICS   (773 words)

  
 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
buckets, and will skip the later buckets and their contents.
Arguments: The filehandle that was passed to C
; the bucket number (starting from 0) of the bucket in which the current node resides; the number of the node in the current bucket (the first node is node zero); a C
perl.plover.com /FakeHash/FakeHash.pm   (1137 words)

  
 Diversions
The Question: Suppose that you have two buckets of sand, bucket A and bucket B.
  Bucket A contains a certain volume of pure white sand, and Bucket B contains exactly the same volume of pure fl sand.
What makes this question interesting is that there is one convincing argument that both buckets should end up with equal amounts of impurities, and another convincing argument that one bucket should have more impurities than the other.
www.math.ucla.edu /~tao/sand.html   (109 words)

  
 Time (Linux Reviews)
Parmenides (of whom Zeno was a follower) believed that time, motion, and change were illusions, basing this on a rather interesting argument.
The bucket argument proved problematic for Leibniz, and his account fell into disfavour, at least amongst scientists, until the development of Mach's principle.
Modern physics views the curvature of spacetime around an object as much a feature of that object as are its mass and volume.
linuxreviews.org /dictionary/Time   (1802 words)

  
 PHIL\web page\foodsafety   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The generic safety arguments were largely based on the ideas about nature of 19th century scientists or on popular, pedestrian, notions about nature rather than on modern scientific knowledge of nature.
The argument, or slogan, sidesteps the fact that the civically active public does not expect to have a risk-free society, but only expects their government to take all possible actions to minimize risks and to inform them of risks so that they can make their own decisions when necessary.
Some philosophers have argued that one does not have a natural right to own property, but the argument that people do not have a natural right to own and care for their own bodies seems to be new.
www.cbs.umn.edu /~pregal/foodsafety.htm   (18548 words)

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