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Topic: Buddhism in China

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	buddhism in china - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Buddhism, a religion of Indian origin, has affected and been affected by Chinese culture, politics, literature and philosophy for almost two millenia.
		Buddhism arrived in China at the start of the 1st century from Central Asia by way of the Silk Road, the main trade route connecting China with the Middle East and India.
		Buddhism was less antithetical to Daoism, the other major religion of China, but at its core Daoism sought harmony with the natural world while Buddhism sought to master the inner world.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Buddhism-in-China (1764 words)

	Wikipedia: Buddhism in China
		Buddhism was introduced into China in the 1st century from Central Asia around 1 AD.
		Buddhism was very different from Confucianism, which was the official state religion and was rooted in Chinese culture and politics of the time.
		Social upheaval in northern China had destroyed to a significant extent the segregation of ruling gentry and elite families from the populace, whereas several elite clans and royal families monopolized the politics in the south.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/b/bu/buddhism_in_china.html (1626 words)

	Buddhism in China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Buddhism is an important religion in China and one of the three major schools of thought along with Confucianism and Taoism.
		The arrival of Buddhism in China was a consequence of the first contacts between China and Central Asia which occurred with the opening of the Silk Road in the 2nd century BCE, following the travels of Zhang Qian between 138 and 126 BCE.
		Buddhism was less antithetical to Daoism, the other major religion of China.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Buddhism_in_China (2132 words)

	023-China
		China also had its own indigenous religions, well established in society and which, each in their own way, had some influence on the character that Buddhism was to take in their homeland.
		Whilst the end of the period was marked by a severe repression of Buddhism by resurgent Confucian and Taoist forces, it is generally regarded as the high water mark of Buddhism in China, during which it exercised its deepest degree of influence upon Chinese culture, and received the greatest amount of patronage within society.
		Unlike Tibet, China did not directly benefit from the systematizing activities of the great monastic universities of the Pala period (c.760 onward), since overland access to northern India was cut in the 7th century, significantly reducing the contact it was possible for China to have with the Indian mainstream.
	www.buddhismtoday.com /english/world/country/023-China.htm (3166 words)

	Buddhism in Modern China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		From his observations, Yang concluded that Buddhism was the religion most compatible with modern science, and that the task of Chinese Buddhists was to introduce Buddhism to the Western world.
		II The passion of the radicals and progressives for relevance, for imposing national, centralized administrative structures on their fellow Buddhists, and their passion for secular activities and the reform of the sangha during the first half of this century, were to play into the hands of the new communist authorities.
		The government protection of Buddhism, for which they had striven so long under the previous government, and which had never won more than a half-hearted response from the authorities, was now bestowed with embarrassing thoroughness.
	www.buddhistinformation.com /buddhism_in_modern_china.htm (2868 words)

	Buddhism in China
		Buddhism was becoming a powerful intellectual force in China, monastic establishments were proliferating and Buddhism was becoming well established among the peasantry.
		It was also during this period that many scholars made pilgrimages to India, heroic journeys that greatly enriched Buddhism in china, both by the texts that were acquired and by the intellectual and spiritual inspiration that was brought from India.
		Buddhism was never able to replace its Taoist and Confucian rivals, however, and in 845 the emperor Wu-tsung began a major persecution.
	www.sevenwondersworld.com /china_buddhism.html (1127 words)

	Comparing Buddhism in China and India
		Buddhism has been particularly attractive to the lower castes of Hinduism who are born into a system of economic disadvantage.
		Buddhism was adapted by the Chinese to suit their old traditions of Taoism and Confucism.
		Some main differences between Buddhism in China and India are that the Chinese believe everyone has a soul, while the Indians don’t believe in souls.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/essays/comp/cw07indiabuddhismchina.htm (698 words)

	Buddhism in China--Japan-Korea
		In 522 AD Buddhism was introduced in Japan by a Chinese Buddhist, Shiba-Tatsu by name, who lived in Japan as a naturalised Japanese subject.
		It is well known to the historians that in 65 AD China sent a mission to India to bring some relics of Buddha and some copies of the Buddhist scriptures.
		After the revolution of 1868 AD Buddhism in Japan was separated from Shintoism, which from that year was made the state religion of Japan.
	www.hinduism.co.za /buddhism1.htm (2111 words)

	Summary of Religion and Philosophy in China (Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Taoism, Shamanism)
		China is a country with great diversity of religions, with over 100 million followers of various faiths.
		Buddhism was first introduced to China from India approximately in the first century A.D., becoming increasingly popular after the fourth century.
		Christianity reached China several times after the seventh century, and was introduced to the country on a large scale after the Opium War of 1840.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/china/pro-religion.htm (952 words)

	Buddhism: The Journey from India to China
		Part of Buddhism's appeal to the Chinese was the new interpretation of a heaven-like Nirvana, the texts (which were written after Buddha's death), and art that Buddhism had inspired.
		While the introspective nature of Buddhism seemed to conflict with the family-oriented ideals and beliefs of Confucianism, in actuality, the Mahayana form of Buddhism agreed with social aspects of Confucianism, as with mystical aspects of Taoism, and the Chinese culture of the time of its first appearance ("The Middle Empire in China." Gale Research).
		The interaction between Buddhism and China will continue years from now, as religion and culture are continually coming together to create variety in the modern world.
	www.ccds.charlotte.nc.us /History/China/04/walthall/walthall.htm (1752 words)

	Great World Religions: Buddhism (Detailed Description)
		Buddhism's core philosophy that nothing is permanent—all is change—has made it an astonishingly lively and adaptable religion.
		Buddhism has shaped the development of civilization in India and Southeast Asia; significantly influenced the civilizations of China, Tibet, Korea, and Japan; and has become a major part of the multi-religious world in Europe and North America.
		Buddhism entered Japan in the 6th century and was quickly allied with the power of the Japanese state.
	www.teach12.com /ttc/assets/coursedescriptions/6105.asp (1149 words)

	Buddhism in China: Religions in China
		Buddhism during the Han Dynasty was regarded as having its basis in magic in much the same way as Taoism and it first took root among members of the royal family and aristocracy.
		Luoyang in North China became a major center where there was a focus on the translation of the scriptures while in South China Buddhism thrived in a tolerant atmosphere.
		In 401 Kumarajiva was invited to Chang'an from the Western Region that lay to the west to Yumenguan Pass and together with 3,000 scholars translated 74 sutras.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/religion/buddhism/han.htm (941 words)

	Buddhist Studies: Mahayana Buddhism: Chinese
		In northern China, except for two short periods of persecution, Buddhism flourished under the lavish royal patronage of rulers who favoured the religion.
		All these activities were a sign of the firm establishment of Buddhism in China by the end of this period.
		Buddhism generally, continues to be a major influence in Chinese religious life.
	www.buddhanet.net /e-learning/buddhistworld/china-txt.htm (1208 words)

	Religions in China, Chinese Religions - Buddhism ä½æ• (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		The first Buddhist parishes are found in China in the 1st century AD and focused mainly on the suppression of passions by means of meditation, charity and compassion.
		The maturity and great age of Buddhism in China was the Tang Dynasty when emperors spent their wealth to establish monasteries and sculptures in different Buddhist caves.
		Buddhism was introduced into Tibet during the 7th century by a Tantric master named Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpotche), but it was only during the 11th century that Buddhism gained a real foothold in Tibet.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /Literature/Religion/buddhism.html (4168 words)

	History of Buddhism
		One of the most significant events in the history of Buddhism is the chance encounter of the monk Nigrodha and the emperor Ashoka Maurya.
		Buddhism did not come to a land innocent of religion and philosophy, of course.
		It was in the latter half of the 1800's that Buddhism first came to be known in the west.
	www.ship.edu /~cgboeree/buddhahist.html (3361 words)

	Seniors' China Tour -- Operated by China Hiking Adventures Inc. -- Details
		China has 56 ethnic groups, each with its own culture and religion, but among all the religions in China, the largest is Buddhism.
		Tibetan-language Buddhism is found mainly among the 7 million people of the Tibetan, Mongolian, Tu, Yugur, Naxi, Pumi and Moinba ethnic groups, and has 120,000 lamas and nuns and over 3,000 temples and monasteries.
		Later, Buddhism was widely disseminated in China during the reigns of the Eastern Han emperors Huan Di and Ling Di (both together 147 - 189 A. When Sakyamuni founded Buddhism in ancient India, different preaching methods were adopted according to the audience.
	www.china-hiking.com /QiGong/Buddhism.html (1154 words)

	Chinese Cultural Studies: Philosophy and Religion in China
		The prevailing disorders, aggravated by barbarian invasions and the flight of northern Chinese to the south, heightened the attraction of Buddhism with its promise of personal salvation, despite its lack of affinity with the society-oriented thought of the Chinese.
		Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, a prince of the Sakya kingdom on the borders of what are now India and Nepal and a contemporary of Confucius.
		Ch'an flourished in China during the T'ang and Sung dynasties (960-1279), and its influences were strongly felt in literature and painting.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~phalsall/texts/chinrelg.html (2886 words)

	Regions Central Asia - IIAS Newsletter Online
		On 8-9 June 2000, the symposium on 'Yogacara Buddhism in China' was held at the International Institute for Asian Studies at Leiden University.
		Convened by Chen-kuo Lin, this symposium gathered together scholars and Buddhologists from Taiwan, Japan, America, Canada, Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands to explore the literatures and doctrines of Yogacara Buddhism in China from its inception in the fifth century to its modern revival in the twentieth century.
		The second thematic focus was on the development of Yogåcåra Buddhism in China from its earliest stage (Dilun Masters and Shelun Masters), the 'Old' Yogåcåra School founded by Paramårtha (499-569), up to the 'New' Yogåcåra School founded by Xuanzang (602-664) and Kuiji (632-682).
	www.iias.nl /iiasn/23/regions/23EA3.html (1157 words)

	Buddhism,Chinese Buddhists,Buddhism in China,Chinese Buddhism Religion
		Buddhism indoctrinated China at a time when Confucianism and Taoism were the two predominant religions prevailing in the country.
		China was blessed by its own eminent Buddhist scholars with extraordinary vision like Seng-Chao, Tao-Sheng and Fa-hsien who also contributed richly to the growth of Buddhism China through their translations and knowledge.
		The Communist government of China endorsed regulations, they put an end to the practice of religion by abolishing all forms of public worship and shutting down all the monasteries.
	china.tourism-asia.net /buddhism.html (465 words)

	Timeline of Buddhist History
		480 China: Indian Master Bodhidharma travels as a Buddhist missionary to China, as follower of the Lanka School he is considered the forefather of Ch'an and Zen.
		A fusion of tantric Buddhism and indigenous Shinto became known as Ryobu-Shinto, which was remarkably separated again some 1000 years later into Buddhism and Shinto.
		Buddhism first spread to outer Mongolia end 18th cent, which had remained fully shamanistic.
	www.buddhism.kalachakranet.org /time-line.html (1651 words)

	Teaching Chinese Archaeology, Buddhism in China - NGA
		Buddhism is based on the life and teachings of Sakyamuni, who lived in eastern India in the sixth or fifth century B.C. (roughly the same time as Confucius).
		He sought enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, and resolved to teach the four noble truths: That life is suffering, that suffering is caused by craving or desire, that one must eliminate the cause of suffering, and that this is done by following the Noble Eight-fold path leading toward morality, concentration, and wisdom.
		Buddhism proved to be adaptable, not only in China, but elsewhere throughout Asia, by incorporating indigenous practices and beliefs.
	www.nga.gov /education/chinatp_bud.htm (403 words)

	Home
		Although Buddhism is already mentioned in China in the beginning of the 1st century, the beginning of any Chinese form of Buddhist philosophy can only be situated after the Han-Dynasty, i.e.
		It is after all clear that Buddhism stands in opposition to a great number of notions held by Confucianism, such as e.g.
		Ignited by the Confucianists and Taoists the first persecution of Buddhism in China took place during the Northern Wei (from 446 until 454), in which a great number of temples, statues and texts were destroyed.
	www.akshin.net /philosophy/budphilchina.htm (1467 words)

	Buddha: A History of Chinese Buddhism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		This section of the Gateless Passage is a presentation of the history of Buddhism in China, that by neccesity is interwoven with a general summary of Chinese history.
		It was the period from the dawn of the later Han dynasty (25-220 CE) to the fall of the Western Chin dynasty (265-317 CE) to the Huns that Buddhism was introduced into China by immigrants from Persia, Central Asia, and India.
		At the same time, Buddhism was adopted and promoted by many of the occupying dynasties in the North, where it eventually would achieve a popularity nearing the status of a state religion.
	villa.lakes.com /cdpatton/Buddha (718 words)

	Religion and Philosophy: Buddhism in China
		Buddhism, founded in the late 6th century B.C. by Siddhartha Gautama (the "Buddha"), is an important religion in most of the countries of Asia.
		Buddhism has assumed many different forms, but in each case there has been an attempt to draw from the life experiences of the Buddha, his teachings, and the "spirit" or "essence" of his teachings (called dhamma or dharma) as models for the religious life.
		They also engaged in such practices as visiting the Buddha's birthplace; and worshipping the tree under which he became enlightened (bodhi tree), Buddha images in temples, and the relics of his body housed in various stupas or funeral mounds.
	www.columbia.edu /itc/eacp/japanworks/china/philo/bud_orig.htm (1324 words)

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