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	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Buddhist
		A Second Buddhist Council (traditionally 100 years after the Buddha's death) was held to resolve the points at dispute, and these were resolved.
		Here their influence, caste attitudes towards Buddhists, previous familiarity with Buddhism, lack of Buddhist political power or social structure along with Hinduism's revival movements such as Advaita and the rise of the syncretic bhakti movement, all contributed to a significant realignment of beliefs relegating Buddhism in India to the peripheries.
		The Buddhist canon of scripture is known in Sanskrit as the Tripitaka and in PÄli as the Tipitaka.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Buddhist (8191 words)

	Buddhist Councils - Ven. Rewata Dhamma
		The Council was convened in 326 B.C. at Asokarama in Pataliputta.
		The Fourth Council was held in Tambapanni (Sri Lanka) in 29 B.C. under the patronage of King Vattagamani.
		The traditional recitation of the Buddhist Scriptures took two years and the Tipitaka and its allied literature in all the scripts were painstakingly examined and their differences noted down and the necessary corrections made and all the versions were then collated.
	www.urbandharma.org /udharma/councils.html (3575 words)

	Buddha and Buddhism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The early Buddhist councils were mainly concerned with the purity of the faith and practice of the monastic community.
		Therefore a council was needed to clarify the increasing danger to the purity of the Buddhism.
		Since the objective of the council was limited to resolve differences, the focus of this council seemed to have been limited to the composition of commentaries disagreed upon at the time.
	manjushri.acumaestro.com /TEACH/BB4.html (686 words)

	Buddhist councils - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first Buddhist council was held soon after the death of the Buddha under the patronage of king Ajatasatru, and presided by the monk Mahakasyapa, at Rajagaha (today's Rajgir).
		The Fourth Buddhist Council of the Mahayana was convened by the Kushan emperor Kanishka, around 100 CE at Jalandhar or in Kashmir, and is usually associated with the formal rise of Mahayana Buddhism.
		The traditional recitation of the Buddhist Scriptures took two years and the Tripitaka and its allied literature in all the scripts were painstakingly examined and their differences noted down and the necessary corrections made and all the versions were then collated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Buddhist_Councils (2002 words)

	WORLD BUDDHIST SUMMIT, YANGON, MYANMAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The first three Buddhist Councils were held in India, the birthplace of Buddhism, and it was due to the last of these councils, i.e, the Third Buddhist Council, that Buddhism spread abroad.
		The Fifth Buddhist Council was held in 1871 in Mandalay, Myanmar.
		The Sixth Buddhist Council held here in this cave in 1956 was the first Buddhist conference in which Buddhist leaders from all the Theravada countries took a vital role in editing and restoring the Tipitaka to its original version.
	www.wbs.org.mm (490 words)

	Buddhism - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Theravada school claims that the Sarvastivada and the Dharmaguptaka schools were rejected by the council, although according to other sources the Dharmaguptaka school is classified as one of the Vibhajyavadin schools.
		Buddhists retained power in parts of northern India, in Kasmir and especially in Bengal, where the Buddhist Pala kings ruled from the 8th-12th centuries CE.
		The Buddhist canon of scripture is known in Sanskrit as the Tripitaka and in Pali as the Tipitaka.
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /wiki.asp?k=Buddhism (8179 words)

	History of Buddhism in India
		The Fourth Buddhist Council was held under the auspices of King Kaniska at Jalandhar or in Kashmir around 100 CE, where 499 monks of the Sarvastivadin school compiled a new canon.
		The 5th Buddhist Council was held from 1868 to 1871 in Mandalay, Burma where the text of the Pali Canon was revised and inscribed on 729 marble slabs.
		The 6th Buddhist Council was held at Rangoon, Burma in 1954-1956.
	buddhism.kalachakranet.org /india.html (1726 words)

	Word and Silence In Buddhist-Christian Traditions
		The Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue held its second Buddhist-Christian Colloquium at the Benedictine monastery of Asirvanam in Bangalore, India, from 8 to 13 July.
		The authority of the early sacred Buddhist texts was decided during the six great Buddhist councils called for at different periods of time by the Buddha's disciples after his passing into Parinirvana.
		Buddhist nirvanic liberation leads one to live non-attached in daily life like a lotus flower that grows up in the muddy water but is not affected by it.
	www.urbandharma.org /bcdialog/bcd3/wordsilence.html (1930 words)

	Texas Buddhist Council - Introduction
		In the fall of 1991, a delegation of officers from the American Buddhist Congress visited the Houston Buddhist Vihara to encourage leaders in the Buddhist community to form a state-wide association to work for the enrichment of Buddhist life in Texas.
		Nanda of the Houston Buddhist Vihara, and Rev. Huyen Viet of Buu Mon Temple in Port Arthur, a large group of monks and lay Buddhists from across the state agreed to establish the Texas Buddhist Council as a non-profit corporation.
		The Texas Buddhist Council was incorporated in the Spring of 1993, and the group's first Board of Directors was elected in July 1993 in a meeting and celebration at the Houston Buddhist Vihara.
	www.cs.uh.edu /~tihuang/tbc/mission.htm (673 words)

	A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma (Introduction)
		At the heart of the Abhidhamma philosophy is the Abhidhamma Pitaka, one of the divisions of the Pali Canon recognized by Theravada Buddhism as the authoritative recension of the Buddha's teachings.
		In the Theravada tradition the Abhidhamma Pitaka is held in the highest esteem, revered as the crown jewel of the Buddhist scriptures.
		It is thus not unreasonable to assume that a substantial portion of the commentarial apparatus originated in close proximity to the canonical Abhidhamma and was transmitted concurrently with the latter, though lacking the stamp of finality it was open to modification and amplification in a way that the canonical texts were not.
	www.nku.edu /~kenneyr/Buddhism/lib/bps/misc/abhiman.html (7127 words)

	E-sangha, Buddhist Forum and Buddhism Forum -> Buddhist Councils
		The third council was held at Patliputra 137 years after Buddha's passing into parinirvana during the reign of King Kanishka; the purpose of this council was to create harmony amongst the different schools of philosophy.
		The Vajjian monks refused to accept the Council's decision and in defiance called a council of their own which was called the Mahāsangītī.
		Though many of the Buddhist Holy places are now being preserved and are in better condition than they were thirty years ago, some are still sadly neglected.
	www.lioncity.net /buddhism/index.php?showtopic=8993 (1339 words)

	History of the Buddhist Councils
		The council was held at Rajagaha and it was presided by the greatest and most respected monk and close friend to the Buddha: Maha Kassapa.
		The Third Council took place in the 3rd Century BC, during the reign of the great Emperor Asoka and it had the purpose of setting straight the differences between the many factions of Buddhism that arose by that time.
		The commentaries made at the council were written down in a set of teachings, that later became known as the "Pali-canon".
	www.ahistoryofbuddhism.com /Buddhist-Councils.html (588 words)

	Simhanada --- The Three Buddhist Councils --Thrangu Rinpoche
		At the Third Council there were five hundred arhats led by the Arya Parsva and there were also four hundred venerables or scholars with the main one being Vasumitra.
		And that is why the council had to come to the conclusion that each of these eighteen sections of shravakas were all correct in their line of thought and that the teachings that they were following were all the teachings of Buddha Shakyamuni.
		So during the Third Council they corrected the proofs of what had been written down so that these teachings were now pure and could be decisively considered as being the Buddha’s teaching.
	www.simhas.org /teaching31.html (2065 words)

	Buddhist Studies: Councils
		From time to time throughout Buddhist history councils have been convened, usually by the Sangha itself or sometimes by the ruling monarch, to either discuss points of doctrine or restore monastic discipline.
		The first such council was held in Rajagaha in India in the year of the Buddha's death.
		The last great council was held in Rangoon in Burma in 1956-7.
	www.buddhanet.net /e-learning/dharmadata/fdd55.htm (295 words)

	Buddhist Channel \| Opinion \| The State's role in purifying and perpetuating Buddha Sasana
		Two Great Buddhist Councils - the Fifth and the Sixth - were held in Myanmar with the support of the State.
		Thus the three principles taught by the Buddha in Aparihaniya Sutta and presented to the Council by Mahakassapa Thera became as if it were a beacon of light for the perpetuation of the Sasana in the future.
		Due to the command they had over the sea port of Myanmar, they were able to keep in touch with the reigning Buddhist monarchs of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), to check their Pali texts with those of the latter for their accuracy and to exchange assistance in Buddha Sasana matters.
	www.buddhistchannel.tv /index.php?id=00000000008,00000000480,0,0,1,0 (1513 words)

	Buddhist Channel \| Vietnam \| Buddhist committee calls for a year of nation-wide growth
		Prominent among last year?s achievements were the establishment of executive councils in newly-established provinces and the enhanced operational efficiency of Buddhist executive councils and Buddhist representative boards from the centre to the grassroots.
		In addition, it has organised Buddhist services throughout the country and officially ordained 2,800 monks and nuns, helped 21,200 senior monks and nuns organise their faith services, and appointed 260 others as heads of pagodas.
		Last year, Buddhist schools and monasteries organised hundreds of training courses for monks and nuns and 511 monks and nuns were honoured with B.A degrees in Buddhism.
	www.buddhistchannel.tv /index.php?id=1,2165,0,0,1,0 (413 words)

	What's in Buddhism
		Generally, it includes the Buddhist monks and nuns, who had made their commitments to lead a monastic way of life, and to carry on and preserve the teachings and tradition left behind by the Buddha.
		As you would have guessed, the primary aim of a Buddhist Council was to preserve and safeguard the originality of the Buddha's teachings.
		It all started this way: It was understood that after the Buddha passed away, some not so righteous members of the Sangha then were happy that the Buddha was not there to oversee their conduct anymore, and they thought that they were free to do what they wanted.
	lionstate.tripod.com /buddhism.html (1891 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		By this time the two Buddhist councils had already met but the preachings of Lord Buddha were yet to be recorded.
		But many believed that he was the one responsible for the murder of the monks and his brother too pointed an accusing finger at him.
		The visibly upset king immediately summoned his advisory council and, after long deliberations, it was decided to recall the seniormost monk, Tissa Moggaliputta, to adjudicate on the matter.
	www.buddhistnews.tv /current/asoka-060303.php (422 words)

	Ministry of Religious Affairs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Tipitaka texts were revised and written on palm-leaves during the Fourth Great Buddhist Council which was convened in Sri Lanka in 94 B.C. After the demise of Lord Buddha in 544 B.C., Six Great Buddhist Councils were convened to preserve the purity of the Tipitaka texts which embody the teaching of Lord Buddha.
		Tipitaka texts were revised and written on palm-leaves during the Fourth Great Buddhist Council which was convened in Sri Lanka in 94 B.C. At the Fifth Great Buddhist Council which was convened in Mandalay in 1871, Tipitaka texts were inscribed on 729 stone slabs.
		The State Peace and Developement Council gave necessary instructions to establish a museum in order to display historical and religious objects pertaining to the historical event of the Sixth Great Buddhist Council for the public veneration.
	www.mora.gov.mm /department1.asp (806 words)

	Buddhist Councils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Bhikkhu Sangha was purged of heretics and bogus Bhikkhus.
		The Fourth Council was held in Tambapanni (Sri Lanka) in 29 B.C.E. under the patronage of King Vattagamani.
		Thus the aim of the Council was achieved and the
	www.buddhistinformation.com /buddhist_councils.htm (3056 words)

	Buddhist Councils By Venerable Dr. Rewata Dhamma
		He was by then teaching in the universities and in 1967 was appointed chief editor of the Encyclopaedia of Buddhist Technical Terms.
		His two volume commentary on the Abhidhammattha Sangaha was awarded the Kalidasa prize as one of the outstanding books of the year by the Hindi Academy in 1967.
		This is now used as a Buddhist textbook in many Indian universities.
	www.hinduwebsite.com /buddhism/essays/buddhist_councils.asp (3932 words)

	Myanmar News 2000
		The museum was opened with the aim of uplifting the spirit to love and cherish the race and religion and the knowledge on the Six Buddhist Councils and conserving the historical artifacts of the Sixth Buddhist Council.
		It was the Fifth Buddhist Synod in 2415 Sasana Era.
		At International Theravada Buddhist Missionary University near the Buddha's Tooth Relic Pagoda, the Secretary-1 inspected progress in construction of Patharani Ordination Hall and greening of its compound, the University Administration Office, the library, the meditating hall, the hostels and the messing halls.
	www.myanmars.net /myanmar-news-2000/myanmar-news-n001013.htm (2447 words)

	Myanmar News
		It is my sincere hope that all the Mahatheras and Buddhist leaders, with loving-kindness, patience and forbearance, will strive for the prevalence of peace and stability and the four modes of sublime living and loving-kindness, patience and forbearance in their respective countries and all over the world.
		This Summit is convened on the principle of unity among Buddhists regardless of their being Theravada or Mahayana or Vajrayana, etc. We have invited delegates from thirty-four countries and as a record, I would like to read the names of those countries here.
		To tell you the truth, it is not at all possible for all Buddhists to become one again without the labels Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana, etc., but we have some Teachings of the Buddha in common, for which every Buddhist is likely to admit that they are authentic teachings of the Buddha.
	www.myanmars.net /myanmar-news-2004/myanmar-news-n041212.htm (5420 words)

	Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism
		This reflects the method by which the Buddha's teachings were passed from one generation to the next during that period, that is, by memorization and recitation, rather than by written record.
		(1) The First Buddhist Council was convened shortly after Shakyamuni's death with the support of King Ajatashatru in the Cave of the Seven Leaves near Rajagriha in Magadha, India.
		It is said that at this assembly the abhidharma works, or commentaries and treatises, were compiled and incorporated into one of the three divisions of the Buddhist canon.
	www.sgi-usa.org /buddhism/dictionary/define?tid=2658 (456 words)

	vitae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Buddhist Monastic Discipline: The Sanskrit Pratimoksa Sutras of the Mahasamghikas and
		Buddhist Ethics Comes of Age: Damien Keown and The Nature of Buddhist Ethics.
		The Role of the Pratimoksa Expansion in the Rise of Indian Buddhist Sectarianism.
	www.personal.psu.edu /csp1/vitae.htm (1455 words)

	Australian Buddhist News - AUSTRALIAN ASSOCIATION OF BUDDHIST COUNSELLORS AND PSYCHOTHERAPISTS - News - Federation of ...
		For some time now, they have been aware of a significant increase in the number of helping professionals who are practising Buddhists or have an interest in Buddhism.
		Buddhist - Influenced therapies like Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Core Process Therapy and Hakomi are now in the mainstream of psychotherapeutic practices.
		Australian Buddhist News : 4th Global Conference on Buddhism to be held in Perth - 10 & 11 June
	www.buddhistcouncil.org.au (482 words)

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