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	History of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church
		The Bulgarian diocese was subordinated to the Constantinople Patriarchate.
		The Statute of the Bulgarian Exarchate was adopted.
		The establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate (1870) represents a transitory historical stage leading to the restoration of the Bulgarian Patriarchate, which ceased to exist at the end of the 14th century.
	bulch.tripod.com /boc/historyen.htm (4020 words)

	Bulgarian Orthodox Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Bulgarian Orthodox Church considers itself an inseparable member of the one, holy, synodal and apostolic church and is organised as a self-governing body under the name of Patriarchate.
		Under the presidency of Patriarch German II of Constantinople and with the consent of all Eastern Patriarchs, the council confirmed the Patriarchal dignity of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church and consecrated the Bulgarian archbishop German Patriarch.
		The decision on the secession of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church was far from well accepted by the Patriarchate of Constantinople which promptly declared the Bulgarian Exarchate schismatic and declared its adherents heretics.
	www.cheguevara.co.za /wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church (2894 words)

	Bulgarian Exarchate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was established as an independent Bulgarian ecclesiastical organisation on February 28, 1870 by the decree of Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz of the Ottoman Empire.
		The foundation of the Exarchate was the direct result of the Bulgarian Church Struggle against the Patriarchate of Constantinople in the 1850s and 1860s.
		After the death of Joseph I in 1915, the Bulgarian Orthodox Church was not in a position to elect its regular head until 1953 when the patriarchal dignity of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church was restored and the Holy Synod elected the Metropolitan of Plovdiv, Cyril, Bulgarian Patriarch.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate (212 words)

	Bulgarian Americans
		The close identification of the Bulgarian Orthodox religion with the nation was a thread that wove through much of the country's history, as the Church repeatedly found itself shouldering the burden of nation-building and acting as sanctuary to Bulgarian culture.
		Bulgarian dishes are generally spicier than those of neighboring countries, and cooks are liberal in their use of herbs and strongly flavored condiments such as garlic and chili peppers.
		Bulgarian meals are invariably accompanied by the oven-baked bread known as pitka, which is served with ciubritsa, an aromatic condiment with a native herb resembling tarragon at its base.
	www.everyculture.com /multi/Bu-Dr/Bulgarian-Americans.html (9523 words)

	Bulgaria.com - History of Bulgaria, Rivival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Bulgarian society reacted sharply to the nationalistic ambitions of the patriarchal in Constantinople.
		In 1870 a firman of the sultan decreed the establishment of an autonomous Bulgarian church institution - the Bulgarian exarchate.
		By the middle of 1872 he had scoured the Bulgarian lands with the dedication of an apostle, and succeeded in establishing a strong network of committees in hundreds of Bulgarian towns and villages which were in constant contact with and subordination to the clandestine government in the town of Lovech.
	www.bulgaria.com /history/bulgaria/revival.html (2968 words)

	bulmodexa3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1860 a group of Bulgarians in Constantinople signed an act of union with Rome, and nominated as their leader an illiterate octogenarian, Josef Sokolski, who was soon to be personally invested with his new office by Pope Pius IX in Rome.
		The exarchate was condemned for the sin of phyletism, that is maintaining that ecclesiastic jurisdiction is determined not territorially but ethnically; the kernel of the problem was the seat of exarchate because canon law contained the principle of there being only one prelate in any city.
		The exarchate could now represent the interests of the Bulgarian nation in the Ottoman corridors of power; more importantly, it could defend Bulgarian Orthodoxy against the patriarchate and against Uniatism in Macedonia, and sponsor Bulgarian churches and schools in the mixed dioceses and even in some which were still in the patriarchate.
	www.ucc.ie /staff/jprodr/macedonia/bulmodexa3.html (969 words)

	Bulgarian Orthodox Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Bulgarian Orthodox Church is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church with some 6.5 million members in the Republic of Bulgaria and between 1.5 and 2.0 million members in a number of European countries, the Americas and Australia.
		The seat of the Patriarchate was the new Bulgarian capital of Preslav although the Patriarch is likely to have resided in the town of Drastar (Silistra), an old Christian centre famous for its martyrs and Christian traditions.
		Borders of the Bulgarian Exarchate (1870-1912): bishoprics (in red) and vicariates (red diagonal stripes) The struggle between the Bulgarians, led by Neofit Bozveli and Ilarion Makariopolski, and the Greeks intensified throughout the 1860s.
	bulgarian-orthodox-church.iqnaut.net (2950 words)

	The Second Bulgarian Empire and Ottomans Rule, Bulgaria History
		In 1040, Peter Delyan, grandson of Samuel was proclaimed Bulgarian tsar in Belgrade (present capital of Serbia).
		In 1186 Ivan Asen (John I Asen II) was crowned tsar in the new Bulgarian capital, the town of Veliko Turnovo.
		The last medieval Bulgarian king Ivan Shishman, isolated by Christian Europe because of his Jewish mother, continue the fight against Islam and is besieged in Nicopolis (Bulgarian fortress on the Danube River).
	www.angelfire.com /nb/nbulgaria/bulgaria/history2.htm (1452 words)

	P. Petrov, H. Temelski - Cyrkva i cyrkoven zhivot v Makedonija - Summary
		In Macedonia and the Adrianople region the struggle was for the establishment and development of the Exarchate diocese, and for the educational and cultural restoration of the enslaved Bulgarian people.
		By the end of 1912, 7 bishoprics were established and governed by exarchate bishops; 8 bishoprics in Macedonia and one in the Adrianople region, governed by “exarchate vicars”.
		This was practically the end of the active and real participation of the Bulgarian Exarchate in the settling of the Bulgarian question, concerning the integration of the Bulgarian ethnic territories and communities into a single national state.
	www.kroraina.com /knigi/pp_ht/pp_ht_summary.html (2609 words)

	The First Bulgarian Independence Movement - Bulgarian Reformation - Bringing the Reformation to Bulgaria!
		In spite of Bulgarian sympathy for national liberation movements nearby, and although the ideals of those movements permeated the Balkans from 1804 on, the anarchy of the early 1800s confined expression of Bulgarian national feeling primarily to the cultural realm until the 1860s.
		The new exarchate became the leading force in Bulgarian cultural life; it officially represented the Bulgarians in dealing with the Turks, and it sponsored Bulgarian schools.
		(Bulgarians still celebrate the signing of the Treaty of San Stefano rather than the Treaty of Berlin as their national independence day.) In late 1878, a provisional Bulgarian government and armed uprisings had already surfaced in the Kresna and Razlog regions of Macedonia.
	bulrefsite.entrewave.com /view/bulrefsite/s129p138.htm (2442 words)

	The Bulgarian Exarchate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Bulgarian Exarchate was established on 28 February 1870 with a Firman from the sultan as a result of the long struggle of the Bulgarian people for church independence from the Greek Patriarchate.
		In the course of the war the Bulgarian Exarch Antim I was exiled in Asia Minor and replaced with Josif (1877).
		More prominent Bulgarian bishops who came from Macedonia were Partenij Zografski of Poljanino (born in Galichnik near Debar), Panaret of Plovdiv (born in the village of Patele near Lerin), Natanail of Ohrid and Plovdiv (born in Kuchevishta, Skopje), Meletij of Sofia (born in Strumitsa) and Metodij of Stara Zagora (born in Prilep).
	www.bulgaria.com /VMRO/exarchy.htm (437 words)

	Multicultural Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For the rest of the century, Bulgarian Orthodox priests and secular activists tried to convince all Slavs in the southern Balkans to transfer their parishes to the authority of the Bulgarian Exarchate.
		In neither instance were the Bulgarians successful, so that their efforts to gain control over that disputed region were limited to the work of the Bulgarian Orthodox Exarchate and to the underground political and military activity of the Macedonian Supreme Committee.
		Bulgarian Canadians in Montreal founded a society in 1959 as a branch of the Bulgarian League for the United States and Canada; it aimed at changing American and Canadian public opinion about Bulgarian participation in the two world wars.
	www.multiculturalcanada.ca /ecp/content/bulgarians.html (5510 words)

	Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By the beginning of the 4th century, Christianity had become the dominant religion in the region and towns like Serdica (Sofia), Philipopolis (Plovdiv) and Adrianople (Edirne) were significant centres of Christianity in the Roman Empire.
		In 1235 a church council was convened in the town of Lampsakos.
		Thus, the borders of the Exarchate included all Bulgarian districts in the Ottoman Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church (2911 words)

	A Reader's Guide to Bulgaria
		Ancient Thracian, Greek, and Roman civilizations have each left their mark on the Bulgarian lands, but the story of the modern Bulgarian people began with the Slavic migrations into the Balkan Peninsula in the 6th and 7th centuries.
		Paissy's history is regarded as the beginning of the National Revival that was marked by the rapid expansion of Bulgarian schools and by the achievement of an independent Bulgarian Orthodox Exarchate in 1870.
		Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha was elected to the throne in 1887.
	www.b-info.com /places/Bulgaria/ref/history.shtml (861 words)

	Bulgarian Exarchate, The 1870-1912
		Sultan’s Ferman for the establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate.
		But the Greek Patriarchate was decidedly opposed to it and the controversy took two new forms: the demand of the Bulgarian Bishops was increased with the desire for religious service of their own and schools of their own, the Greek Bishops in the Bulgarian Eparchies were openly and violently persecuted.
		But soon after this occurred the Bulgarian insurrections of 1875-76, which were followed by the Russo-Turkish war, which events exposed the Bulgarians in the eyes of the Turks.
	www.macedoniainfo.com /books/dg2en/dg2_TheBulgarianExarchate.htm (1314 words)

	[No title]
		Bulgarian Comments on the language of J.H. inot...May the inhabitants of Skopje and those who speak similarly forgive me, but they do not understand our language and cannot speak either...
		Owing to such unreasonable sermons by the Macedonian patriots that the church question has been settled only in favor of the Bulgarians, there is discontent among the people towrds the eparchies of th4 Danube and Adrianople vilayets as well as envy because of the earlier awakening of the Bulgarians.
		Bulgarian propaganda has now been working for 20 years in Macedonia, in the blindest of times - when Hellenism, coming from and entirely alien nation, started to take root in the Macedonian heart; but the Macedonians, seeing a ray of Slavism, rejected everything as if eyeless, without paying attention to the difference.
	www.gate.net /~mango/19thC_Docs.htm (3954 words)

	Christian Belief: ISTANBUL - BULGARIAN CHURCH COMMUNITY.
		Sofia, January 20 (BTA) - The meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church Community in Istanbul that was expected to decide on the election of a new Board of Trustees was postponed Monday.
		Use of Greek as a liturgical language in the Bulgarian churches in Istanbul was discontinued by a Turkish court judgment in 1997.
		: : Use of Greek as a liturgical language in the Bulgarian churches : in Istanbul was discontinued by a Turkish court judgment in : 1997.
	members3.boardhost.com /beliver/msg/454.html (1113 words)

	Sultan's Ferman establ. Bulgarian Exarchate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A special spiritual jurisdiction shall be established under the name of Bulgarian Exarchate, which will include the below mentioned archbishoprics, bishoprics, and others; the Exarchate shall be authorized to manage all the church affairs of this religious faith.
		The spiritual jurisdiction of the Bulgarian Exarchate shall include the bishoprics of Ruse, Silistra, Shurnen, Tarnovo, Sofia, Vratsa, Lovech, Vidin, Nish, Pirot, Kyustendil, Samokov, Veles, Varna...
		After a plebiscite (1871-1873) almost whole Slavic population in the rest of Macedonia chose the supremacy of the Bulgarian Exarchate.
	www.macedoniainfo.com /sultans_ferman.htm (344 words)

	Macedonia FAQ: The Macedonian Literary Society "Loza"
		The newly established Bulgarian eparchy of 1870 had, by means of various societies, reading-rooms and educational facilities, got in its grasp all ecclesiastical and educational authority in Macedonia.
		Generally speaking, the Bulgarian government and its Exarchate revealed themselves to be the greatest and most uncompromising opponents of the Macedonian national revival.
		It is thus that the "popular" Exarchate quite consciously aims at destroying any more independent movement among us and takes away every Macedonian’s chance to participate in the solution of the more significant social problems..." Vardarski clearly states "despite all the measures taken against her worthier sons...
	faq.macedonia.org /history/lozarite.html (3707 words)

	Bulgaria History
		A summary of the earlier Bulgarian history and the origin of the nation.
		Bulgarian official who opposed the deportation of Jews to death camps.
		News and articles about the history of Macedonia, the Bulgarian Exarchate, the Macedonian Question, Greek ethnic cleansing in Macedonia and Greece's EU membership.
	www.bulgarian.cc /dir/bulgaria-history (211 words)

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