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	FANTASIA -> Kyrgyzstan -> Highlights -> Burana Tower
		75 km east from the city is a 25m-high tower, which dates from the 11th century and is all that remains of the ancient city of Balasagyn.
		The tower and a mosque were located in the city centre of Balasagyn town - one of the centres of Karahanid state.
		Nowadays there is a small museum of Burana, represented with the tower, the remains of three tombmausoleums, and other exhibits, such us: stone sculpture - Balbals, petrogliphes, coins and other things founded during scientific explorations.
	www.fantasticasia.net /?p=132 (259 words)

	Pictures of Bishkek - Kyrgyzstan
		At the foot of the tower are balbals or bulbuls, strange totem-like stone markers.
		The purpose of the tower is not clear, maybe military or the remains of a minaret.
		A nice story is that the tower was built by a king, who let his daughter live there to prevent she would die from the bite of a spider.
	www.bamjam.net /SilkRoad/Bishkek.html (271 words)

	Burana. Kyrgyzstan.
		Situated 10 km to the South of Tokmok — the tower is all that remains of the ancient city of Balasugan set at the foot of the Shamshy valley.
		The present height of the tower is 24,6 m; the upper part of it collapsed during an earthquake that took place about the 15th or 16th centuries.
		It includes the tower itself, reconstructions of mausoleums found on the site, a mound that is all that remains of the palace/citadel, a collection of balbals (grave markers used by nomadic Turkic peoples who used to roam Central Asia) and petroglyphs (paintings on stones) and a small Museum.
	www.svetlanasbrides.com /kyrgyzstan/burana/burana.htm (849 words)

	Kazakhstan & kyrgyzstan tour.
		The Burana archeological and architectural complex is situated 12 km to the south of Tokmak.
		The name Burana is believed to be a corruption in a local dialect of the Turkic word munara "minaret": for centuries, all that remained of Balasagun were the topless, 25-meter minaret and the overgrown mound of the old citadel.
		Burana is on the site of an ancient settlement of the 10th century that is identified with the historical city Balasagun, which was the capital of the Karakhanids State during the 10th to 12th centuries.
	www.asia-planet.com /pakistan/packagetours/kazak_tour.htm (1190 words)

	Kyrgyzstan highlights
		The tower is a minaret, one of the oldest of its kind in Central Asia, built in the XI century AD to its original height of 45 meters.
		To the northwest of the tower is the eroded grass-covered citadel.
		The stone park to the north of the tower is an open-air museum displaying old Turkic gravestones (kayrakis) dating from VI-X centuries gather here from all around the Chu Valley.
	www.asia-travel.uz /kyrgyzstan/hight.html (1656 words)

	Burana Tower - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Burana Tower is a tower in the Chui valley, Kyrgyzstan and is all that remains of the city of Balasagyn.
		The tower itself is a minaret of 11th century on the ruins of the ancient city Balasagun, established by Karakhanids at the end of 9th century.
		The tower is 24 m (79 ft.) in height, though when it was first built it topped 46 m (138 ft.).
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=1476556 (167 words)

	Tour to Burana Tower
		Transfer from Bishkek to Burana Tower (80 km from Bishkek).
		Sightseeing tour including: Burana Tower, air museum, mausoleums and museum complex.
		Situated 10 km to the South of Tokmok - the tower is all that remains of the ancient city of Balasugan set at the foot of the Shamshy valley.
	www.kyrgyzstan.orexca.com /burana_tower_tour.shtml (191 words)

	Burana
		Burana tower, the central monument of museum under the stars, is saturated to the south-east of the hill.
		The explorers supposed that the mosque was situated on west side near the tower Burana.
		Today, the tower is 24.6 metres high, the remaining part came down during earthquake roughly in the 15th century.
	burana.freenet.kg /index-eng.html (903 words)

	Burana Tower, Kyrgyzstan
		Today the tower is 24.6 meters high, the remaining part came down during an earthquake in the 15th century.
		In Karakhanids' time new towns and settlements were developing, the centers of big cities were improved and Moslem religious buildings were built in the town of Balasagun.
		Burana tower, mausoleums and other buildings found after archeological excavations are the witnesses of that build up.
	www.advantour.com /kyrgyzstan/burana-tower.htm (180 words)

	Gramophone - Forum - The world's best classical music magazine
		Carmina Burana is a good piece of knock-about fun with some memorable tunes and sounds that make it ideal background music for advertisments etc. Great Art it is not.
		Not that there is anything wrong with Carmina Burana, it just needs to be treated as what it is: the musical equivalent of a slapstick comedy.
		Orff it seems was "on a good day" when he wrote Carmina Burana, because everything else of his I have heard shares the same crude musical language, but without any of the inspiration that makes you forget how simplisitic it really is.
	www.gramophone.co.uk /mainforum.asp?messageID=31432&messageSectionID=47&threadID=31432&type=chrono (608 words)

	Burana Tower - Tokmok - Kyrgyzstan - Travel Blog
		The Tower's original function is unknown, but the name, which probably derives from a Turkish word for minaret, gives as good a clue as any; and if it is indeed a minaret, then it is the oldest in Central Asia.
		The Tower is virtually the sole remnant of a former flourishing market town whose prosperity rose and fell with that of the Silk Road, and which had been virtually abandoned by the fifteenth century.
		Rather the Tower works in the mind, to serve as a metaphor for the inevitable decay of human structures and institutions, and as such the memory will remain with you long after those of other more famous monuments have merged into an indistinct blur.
	www.travbuddy.com /blogs/2863/6 (1617 words)

	Burana tower (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The tower is located in Tokmak, 80 km east of Bishkek.
		The Burana tower was the site of the Balasagun city.
		Founded in the middle of the 10th century on the site of an older settlement, the tower's minaret (Burana from Turkish munara'- minaret) is one of the oldest of its kind in Central Asia.
	www.karakol.kg /en/kyrgyzstan_en.burana.html (255 words)

	Muza Tours and Travel,Tourism in Kyrgyzstan and Central Asia,tours,holidays,hotels,guest-houses - English version :: ...
		Description: Situated 10 km to the South of Tokmok — the tower is all that remains of the ancient city of Balasugan set at the foot of the Shamshy valley.
		It was spared from destruction by Genghis Khan's Mongols, and renamed Gobalik («good city») in the 13th century, but it lost its importance and had disappeared by the 15th century.
		Transfer from Bishkek to Burana Tower (80 km from Bishkek).
	www.gocentralasia.com /eng/burana?REID=271fe02d118eac9285ffbba166138d9f (163 words)

	* The Celestial Mountains Tour Company *
		This collection of some 30 yurts, set in attractive surroundings on the outskirts of Bishkek, gives you the chance to see different styles of yurt and many aspects of traditional Kyrgyz life — there are demonstrations of traditional crafts, shows of traditional Kyrgyz horsemanship and a chance to sample traditional Kyrgyz cuisine.
		It is possible to combine a visit to the Tower with a trip to Kegeti or Shamsy Gorges, Lake Issyk Kul, Kochkor, Lake Son Kul or Naryn and beyond, or simply as a half-day or one day trip in itself.
		It is possible to combine this with a drive to the Burana Tower through the foothills of the Kyrgyz Ala-Too range.
	www.celestial.com.kg /around_kyrgyzstan/bishkek/short_trips.shtml (1036 words)

	Exotic Kyrgyzstan vacation experiences by Elite Travel Consulting
		Located in Tokmak and neighboring the Burana Tower, Ak-Beshim are the ruins of the ancient town.
		The mounds and ridges at Ak-Beshim delineate a large town (35 hectares) which has yielded remains of a Nestorian church and a Buddhist temple from the 7th and 8th centuries.
		In the 13th century it was destroyed by Genghis Khan and only the Uzgen Tower (Minaret) and three mausoleums preserved.
	www.elitetravelconsulting.com /kyrgyzstan.htm (3803 words)

	Kyrgyzstan's Most Comprehensive, useful and fast Web Directory (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is supposed, that this was initial location of city Balasagun, subsequently outstretched to the...
		The Tower is a part of the ancient city “Balasagun”, the capital of the ancient state of the Karahanides.
		Burana Tower was built in the XI century - the golden age of Karahanid state, with a capital of this country city Balasagun.
	www.cmsb.com /kyrgyzstan/regional/balasagun/index-03.html (450 words)

	Kyrgyzstan: UNESCO Secteur de la culture
		The Chuy Valley, located between Bishkek and Issy-Kul in Kyrgyzstan, was once one of the main political, economic and military centres in Eurasia, lying on the Silk Roads trading routes that joined Europe to China for some 1500 years.
		Degradation has therefore taken place, and if urgent conservation measures are not carried out the remains will be lost forever, constituting the irreplaceable loss of this unique monument of early mediaeval Buddhism in Kyrgyzstan.
		The purpose of this UNESCO / Japanese Funds-in-Trust project is to carry out a conservation programme at Krasnaya Rechka (Navikat), particularly of the Second Buddhist Temple Complex, and emergency conservation activities at the adjoining sites of Suyab (Ak Beshim) and Balasagyn (Burana).
	portal.unesco.org /culture/fr/ev.php-URL_ID=20431&URL_DO=DO_PRINTPAGE&URL_SECTION=201.html (435 words)

	Classical Music Reviews \| July 9th - July 16th, 2007 CD DVD reviews
		The Carmina Burana is a 13th-century collection of secular poems, written in medieval Latin, French and German, sometimes using all three languages in one verse (what's called 'macaronic').
		The concerto ends in typical Tower action fashion with a "March to the Scaffold" drum roll and fff harumph of a final chord.
		The performances by the Nashville Symphony under conductor Leonard Slatkin, a longtime Tower advocate, make a strong case for this music.
	www.naxos.com /reviews/reviews.asp (7909 words)

	Treks and Tours - Discover Kirgizia with AR-Trek: hiking, trekking, automobile tours, camping, exploring, adventures
		On the way back to Bishkek there will be a possibility to visit the "Burana Tower", an ancient tower of 11 century.
		Trip 230 km to Kochkor village, on the way: sightseeing the Burana tower (11 c), walking to the Red sandstone canyons, walking along southern seaside of the Issyk-Kul lake.
		By the way visiting archaeological monuments of the Middle Ages: ruins of ancient town "Navekat" (IX c), the Burana tower (minaret of XI c), and walking to the Red sandstone canyons.
	www.artrek.elcat.kg /trek/index_t.htm (2927 words)

	About Kirghizstan
		Their ruins still can be seen today The largest and most significant of the archeological and architectural monuments in Kyrgyzstan are Suleiman Mountain, the Architectural Complex of Uzgen, the Burana Tower, the Shah-Fasil Mausoleum, and the Caravan-Sarai of Tash-Rabat.
		There are indications that the Taht-i-Suleiman otOsh was the tower and the main signpost of the Silk Road which was described by Ptolemeus.
		It can be pictured as two towers of an utterly complex architectural design one of which is located in the extreme North-East of the country, right in the heart of Tien-Shan, and the other in the extreme South-West where the Pamir thrusts up its mighty ranges.
	www.geocities.com /Pipeline/Slope/6009/kirgh.html (4811 words)

	The Golden Road to Samarqand: Balbals
		This is a balbal, one of the many stone markers found on old gravesites around Central Asia.
		We took a picture of this on at the Burana Tower.
		There really isn't a lot known about them; for example, historians don't know if they represent the person who is buried at the site or possibly someone that person killed.
	amiralace.blogspot.com /2006/06/balbals.html (180 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: )
		From 2004 until 19 April 2006 it served as the administrative seat of Chui Province.
		About 15 km south of Tokmok is the Burana Tower from the 11th century, located on the grounds of an ancient citadel of which today only a large earthen mound remains.
		This is believed to be the site of the ancient city of Balasagun, founded by the Sogdians and later for some time the capital of the Kara-Khanid empire.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Tokmok (186 words)

	Travel Along Great Silk Road \| .:Compass-Central Asia Expedition Guide:.
		After early breakfast drive to Issyk-Kul via Burana Tower (290 km,5-6 hours).
		Picnic in one of the beautiful gorge of Terskey Alatoo range of powerfull Tian Shan.
		After breakfast drive to Bishkek via Burana Tower.
	www.kgcompass.com /silk.html (443 words)

	Burana Tower - Tokmok - TravBuddy
		Directions: The Tower is six miles south of Tokmok, from where you can take a taxi.
		Alternatively, there is a bus-stop at the Tower, which rather implies the existence of a bus.
		If you are walking or driving yourself, the best plan is to head in the general direction, and then ask!
	www.travbuddy.com /Burana-Tower-v2297 (355 words)

	City Tours - TourAsia - Travel Agency
		The main cultural sights of Kyrgyzstan are: Bishkek city, Burana Tower, Rock-Drawings in Cholpon-Ata, Tash-Rabat Caravan sarai.
		Bishkek Capital of Kyrgyz Republic, is situated in the Chu valley, in the north of Kyrgyzia, at the place of more ancient settlements of VI-VII and XIII centuries.
		It was located near the eastern wall and all time played the role of guard tower.
	www.tourasia.kz /city.htm (1620 words)

	Holidays in Central Aisa
		Today, all that remains of this once thriving capital is its minaret, a grassy mound covering the ancient citadel and the remains of Karakhanid mausoleums.
		Burana's enormous minaret (the 'tower') was renovated in Soviet times and from the top offers spectacular views of surrounding mountains and the Chuy Valley.
		This fertile garden town of wooden chocolate-box cottages and shady, poplar-lined avenues is fringed to the east by the Terskey Ala-Too Mountains, which tower dramatically over its low-rise skyline.
	www.regent-holidays.co.uk /speccentasia.html (2050 words)

	ITMC Tien-Shan: Trekking in Kyrgyzstan
		Radial hike to the upper reaches of Arashan gorge.
		On the way visit Burana Tower, architectural monument of XII century on the Great Silk Road.
		On the way visit Burana Tower (XII AD) and petroglyphs museum.
	www.itmc.centralasia.kg /TRK.htm (1054 words)

	Under Kyrgyzstan's wide and starry sky -News-World-Asia-TimesOnline (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The road took me past the Burana tower, a 10th-century minaret, now leaning precariously at half its original height but still laced with intricate brickwork.
		This is one of the few surviving monuments of the Karakhanid empire that once ruled Central Asia.
		In a field beside the tower, pre-Islamic tombstones were scattered, each crudely carved into a face, the caricatured features of its owner staring out from beyond the grave.
	www.timesonline.co.uk /tol/news/world/asia/article731634.ece (1301 words)

	Tower Records - Orff: Carmina Burana / Armstrong, Allen, Previn, et al (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Tower Records - Orff: Carmina Burana / Armstrong, Allen, Previn, et al
		The medieval poems set to music by Carl Orff in 'Carmina Burana' are of a variety which were standard repertoire for the wandering minstrels of the 13th century.
		In Orff's settings these songs of spring retain their sensuous and celebratory tone, with lyrics about passion and long nights in the tavern.
	www.towerrecords.com /product.aspx?pfid=1508357 (287 words)

	Central Asia - Culture & Adventure
		The stars of these certainly are the colourful cities of Bukhara and Samarkand, that have been known to the west since Alexander the Great.
		Lesser known, but in their historical significance equally important sites, include Islamic and pre-Islamic sites such as Kyrgyzstan's Burana Tower, Turkmenistan's Bronze Age sites of Anau and Gonur Depe, Tadjikistan and Uzbekistan's Buddhist heritage or Kazakhstan's Turkestan - the largest dome in Central Asia.
		Although perhaps not as visually spectacular as the monuments in Samarkand or Persia some of the lesser known sites are beyond comparison not only for their and historical context but also for their original state - almost unspoilt by later reconstruction and restoration.
	www.stantours.com /ca_syl_ca.html (206 words)

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