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	Burbot
		Most burbot are dark olive brown to brown, with dark brown mottling on the sides and yellowish to cream on the underside.
		RANGE AND HABITAT: The burbot is native to Ohio, and is found in large lakes and rivers.
		Burbot prefer deep open water, but move to nearshore and river-mouth areas to spawn in the winter.
	www.dnr.state.oh.us /wildlife/Fishing/aquanotes-fishid/burbot.htm (174 words)

	Burbot fishing in Alaska - more about the "poor man's lobster"
		Burbot are relatively unique among Alaska freshwater fish in that they spawn in rivers and lakes during the winter when the ice cover is at or about its thickest.
		Burbot are broadcast spawners, which simply means the females release their eggs into the water column and males simultaneously release milt.
		Burbot are rarely found in fast moving water and frazil ice is rough on their gills.
	www.outdoorsdirectory.com /magazine/poor_mans_lobster-burbot.htm (1398 words)

	Burbot - LoveToKnow 1911
		BURBOT, or EEL-Pout (Lota vulgaris), a fish of the family Gadidae, which differs from the ling in the dorsal and anal fins reaching the caudal, and in the small size of all the teeth.
		It exceeds a length of 3 ft. and is a freshwater fish, although examples are exceptionally taken in British estuaries and in the Baltic; some specimens are handsomely marbled with dark brown, with fl blotches on the back and dorsal fins.
		The American burbot (Lota maculosa) is coarser, and not favoured for the table.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Burbot (139 words)

	American Wildlands - Burbot Petition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Concomitant with the collapse of the burbot fishery in Idaho was the collapse of the burbot fishery in Kootenay Lake, British Columbia
		In Idaho, the disturbance caused by the Libby Dam led to the collapse of the Kootenai River burbot population in Idaho.
		The Kootenai River burbot in Idaho is significant because it exists in a unique ecological setting, the loss of this discrete population segment would produce a gap in the taxon’s range; it is genetically different from other populations of the same species, and it was, historically, an important fishery for the region.
	www.wildlands.org /water/burbot_pet.html (8624 words)

	"Iowa Fish & Fishing" - burbot
		The burbot is a slender-shaped, smooth-skinned fish with a single, large barbel in the middle of its chin.
		The burbot is a rather reclusive fish, hiding about underwater structure during the daytime and foraging actively at night over the stream bottom.
		Burbot caught by anglers are such a rare occurance that they usually generate curiosity by observers and fishermen alike, mostly because of their unusual physical appearance.
	www.iowadnr.com /fish/iafish/burbot.html (400 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 90-day Finding and Commencement of Status Review ...
		Burbot are extremely elongate or eel-like with marbled body coloration from dark olive to brown on the back contrasted with brown or fl; the sides are lighter than the back; and the belly is yellowish white (Simpson and Wallace 1982).
		Burbot above the falls are believed to spend their entire lives in the river system (a fluvial life form, i.e., one that spends its entire life in the river or migrates from river to tributary streams for spawning).
		In Kootenay Lake, the harvest of burbot in 1969 and 1970 was estimated to be 25,000 and 20,000 fish, respectively (BRS, in draft).
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/2001/September/Day-28/e23913.htm (3525 words)

	Burbot: Wildlife Notebook Series - Alaska Department of Fish and Game
		Burbot are distributed in fresh waters throughout North America and Eurasia southward to about 40 degrees north, and occupy most large clear and glacial rivers and many lakes throughout Alaska.
		Burbot spawn under the ice in late winter (February to March) and have been observed to mill together forming a large writhing ball while spawning.
		The easiest way to clean a burbot is to hang it by its head from a nail, cut around the skin near the neck, and pull the skin down to the tail using a pair of pliers.
	www.adfg.state.ak.us /pubs/notebook/fish/burbot.php (732 words)

	Fishing for Burbot in Alaska
		Burbot are also called eelpout, ling, lingcod, loache, methyl, lush, gudgeon, mud-blower, cusk, mother eel, or lawyer fish.
		Burbot appear to have slick, slimy skin void of scales, however, their scales are tiny and imbedded.
		Burbot live only in freshwater and dwell in the deeper water of lakes and rivers throughout Alaska; the only exception being the Aleutians and Southeast.
	www.fishalaskamagazine.com /fish/Burbot.htm (705 words)

	Burbot
		Burbot are voracious predators, feeding mainly at night on fish, though aquatic insects, crustaceans, plankton, and fish eggs can make up a portion of their diet.
		After all, the largest U.S.-caught burbot on record is George R. Howard’s 1976 lunker pulled from the depths of Lake Louise, a catch that weighed in at a whopping 24 pounds, 12 ounces.
		Burbot are most active in the evening and throughout the night when they move onto bars and shoals to feed.
	www.fishalaskamagazine.com /archives/burbot302.htm (1251 words)

	Burbot: Nature Snapshots from Minnesota DNR: Minnesota DNR
		With its slimy skin and tendency to wrap itself around your arm, the burbot is considered by many anglers to be the "ish" of fish.
		Spawning burbots move from deep water to the shallows and congregate in a living glob.
		In summer burbot are in the deepest waters, far from most anglers' lures and baits.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /snapshots/fish/burbot.html (312 words)

	Fisheries: Fish Species: Burbot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Burbot ranges in weight from 910 g to over 25 kg.
		The burbot feeds close to the bottom, primarily on other fish, like perch, lake whitefish, ciscoes, and minnows.
		Burbot are easily caught by anglers in late in the ice fishing season when they are spawning and for this reason have a species limit due to over-harvesting.
	interactive.usask.ca /Ski/fisheries/fish/types/burbot.html (260 words)

	Kidfish ~ Burbot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In BC, burbot are found in lakes and rivers, but they usually spend their time on the bottom of deep, cold lakes.
		Burbot lay their eggs in the middle of winter under the ice, generally in January or February.
		Burbot have been known to live up to 20 years but most do not live more than a decade.
	www.kidfish.bc.ca /fish/info_burbot.htm (250 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 12-month Finding for a Petition To List the Lower ...
		Burbot, also referred to as eelpout, layer, or ling, are a cold- water, bottom-dwelling fish species and are the only freshwater member of the otherwise marine cod family (Gadidae).
		Burbot are most active in the winter, during which some populations move great distances to spawn, and are rather sedentary during the non-spawning seasons.
		Burbot in North America, known as Lota lacustris (Walbaum), were originally considered to be a separate species from those in Europe, known as Lota lota (Linnaeus) (McPhail and Paragamian 2000).
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/2003/March/Day-11/e5737.htm (4553 words)

	Fishing Alaska's Dalton Highway For Pike, Grayling, Arctic Char, Dolly Varden, Sheefish and Burbot
		Sheefish, burbot, and northern pike are present near the mouth of Hess Creek.
		Chinook and chum salmon, northern pike, sheefish, Arctic grayling, whitefish, and burbot are all present in the river.
		Burbot fishing is popular in the fall before freeze-up and in the winter through the ice.
	www.alaskaoutdoorjournal.com /Fishing/daltonfisheries2.html (2954 words)

	Burbot / Fish of the Great Lakes by Wisconsin Sea Grant
		In the middle of the 20th century, the lakes' burbot populations declined under the onslaught of the sea lamprey.
		Today, however, burbot are returning to the lakes in increasing numbers.
		Burbot spawn under the midwinter ice, usually in one to four feet of water, though sometimes deeper.
	www.seagrant.wisc.edu /greatlakesfish/fburbot1.html (200 words)

	American Wildlands Save the Burbot Leopard of the Kootenai! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The burbot (Lota lota), also commonly known as lawyer, eelpout, ling, lingcod, cusk, spineless catfish, gudgeon, mud blower or mother eel was once a common species present throughout North America and Europe and specifically within the Kootenai River Basin (spelled Kootenay in Canada) in Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia.
		The disturbance caused by the Libby Dam led to the collapse of the Kootenai River burbot population in Idaho.
		The Kootenai River burbot population in Idaho is unique because it is genetically distinct from the Montana burbot population above Kootenai Falls in the Kootenai River and Lake Koocanusa.
	www.wildlands.org /w_burbot.html (522 words)

	Michigan Ice Fishing U.P. Ice Fishing.com > Fish And Methods
		Lawyers, an elongated fish usually in the vicinity of 1 to 3 pounds which are also called burbot, vary in color from a mottled green or gray to fl with a cream colored belly, huge glowing eyes, and eel-like tail.
		Besides their snake-like appearance, burbot are especially repugnant to many people for their heavy layers of slime, which is actually a protective coating designed to help retain body warmth in extremely cold waters.
		In the state of Michigan, burbot are found throughout Lake Superior, most of northern Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and in deeper inland lakes such as Torch Lake, Portage Lake and Crystal Lake, as well as in some river systems.
	www.upicefishing.com /burbot.html (873 words)

	Fishes of Minnesota-Burbot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Burbot are not present in waters that typically exceed 21° C (69° F) during the summer.
		Burbot get as large as 800 mm (32 in) in Minnesota, but typically they are less than 700 mm (28 in) and weigh 2.7- 3.6 kg (6- 8 lbs).
		Young burbots are a common prey for many other fish, such as smallmouth bass, yellow perch, and even smelt.
	www.gen.umn.edu /research/fish/fishes/burbot.html (599 words)

	2003 Federal Register, 68 FR 11574; Centralized Library: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - FR Doc 03-5737
		The geographic range of burbot is circumpolar and extends in an almost continuous distribution from the British Isles eastward across Europe and Asia to the Bering Strait (Berg 1949 in McPhail and Paragamian 2000).
		The mitochondrial cytochrome b from 41 populations (18 in North America and 23 in Eurasia) of burbot was sequenced (Van Houdt and Volckaert in draft 2002).
		In addition, the burbot that previously occurred in the West Arm of Kootenay Lake were believed to have commenced spawning in April, and spawning may have continued from mid-May to mid-June (Martin 1976 in Redfish Consulting Ltd 1998; Martin 1977 in McPhail and Paragamian 2000).
	www.fws.gov /policy/library/03-5737.html (4482 words)

	Burbot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The burbot is the only freshwater species of the cod family and its range extends to northern North America, Europe, and Asia.
		The burbot posesses the unique feature of spawning in midwinter under the ice in lakes and sometimes rivers.
		Burbot grow to be as large as 9 kg in Canada, and are well known for their voracious feeding habits on invertebrates as well as fish; in a recent study, the stomach of one burbot contained 179 individual fish!
	www.redpath-museum.mcgill.ca /Qbp/fish/specpages/burbot.htm (108 words)

	BillingsGazette.com :: Adopt-a-fish: Study highlights difference between burbot, other fish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		However, for burbot -- which are also called ling -- melting ice and newly emerging green leaves and grass signal the end of their busy season instead of the beginning.
		Burbot like to hide in boulders and rock piles, or even burrow into the river bottom, and lunge out at or stalk passing fish when they are hungry.
		Burbot are most active when the river is ice-covered and water temperatures are near freezing.
	www.billingsgazette.net /articles/2006/04/13/features/outdoors/35-adopt-fish.txt (986 words)

	NPWRC :: Fishes in the Red River
		Evermann and Latimer (1910), who reported the burbot was one of the most abundant fishes in the Lake of the Woods, regarded it as "one of the most useless" and "worthless" species in the system, as it was destructive to other fishes and there was no market for the burbot.
		Since 1962, the burbot was reported from the Red (19), Otter Tail (1,6), Buffalo (9,14), Sandhill (1), Red Lake (1,10,18), and Roseau (3,9,10) rivers and the Wild Rice River in Minnesota (9,11).
		It is present in all Hudson Bay drainage subsystems in Canada (Crossman and McAllister 1986), all adjacent drainages to the Red River basin in Minnesota (Underhill 1989), and in the Missouri River drainage in North Dakota (Ryckman 1981), and South Dakota (Bailey and Allum 1962).
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/fish/fishred/burbot.htm (280 words)

	Burbot take hatchery into a new direction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Veteran burbot fisherman Al Sapa, of Bismarck, was the designated leader of this burbot brigade.
		Burbot also are broadcast spawners, meaning their egg sacs are free-floating rather than sticking to something.
		More burbot in the hatchery will mean a more diverse genetic group and a better chance for progeny.
	www.bismarcktribune.com /articles/2005/12/24/news/local/107490.txt (659 words)

	WRCF - Burbot
		The Burbot is our only fresh water representative of the primarily ocean-dwelling species of the Codfish Family.
		The burbot is one of only a few Pennsylvania freshwater fishes to spawn in midwinter.
		Burbot prefer deep, cold waters of lakes and rivers.
	www.dcnr.state.pa.us /wrcf/brbt.aspx (312 words)

	Burbot (Lota lota)
		The burbot is the only member of the cod family that lives in fresh water.
		To the trout, burbot young are a vital source of nourishment.
		In the past, it was believed that burbot could cure jaundice, and that anyone with a burbot in their pocket would never be penniless.
	www.kattila.info /infopunkter/fiske/eng/lake.htm (202 words)

	Press Release 11/03/06 - ILLEGALLY INTRODUCED BURBOT EXPANDING RANGE ON WESTERN SLOPE - 4056
		Burbot, also called ling, eelpout or freshwater cod, is an odd-looking, eel-like fish that is actually native to the Big Horn and Tongue River drainages of northern Wyoming.
		Burbot were first documented on Wyoming’s western slope in the Big Sandy River in 2001, and appeared to quickly spread to the Green River and Flaming Gorge Reservoir.
		Young burbot tend to eat aquatic insects, but adult burbot are voracious predators that almost exclusively prey on fish.
	gf.state.wy.us /services/news/pressreleases/06/11/03/061103_3.asp (410 words)

	Alaska Refuges - Kanuti
		A chin “whisker” and a lengthy dorsal and anal fin characterize burbot.
		The burbot is slow growing and can take up to six or seven years to reach spawning age.
		Despite their strange appearance, burbot are a tasty fish with firm white flesh that can be used in recipes calling for cod or halibut.
	www.r7.fws.gov /nwr/kanuti/burbot.htm (112 words)

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