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	Burgundian School
		The Burgundian School is a term used to denote a group of composers active in the 15th century in what is now eastern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands, centered on the court of the Dukes of Burgundy.
		The Burgundian rulers were not merely patrons of the arts, but took an active part: Charles the Bold himself played the harp, and composed chansons and motets (although none have survived with reliable attribution).
		The Burgundian School was the first generation of what is sometimes known as the Netherlands School, several generations of composers spanning 150 years who composed in the polyphonic style associated with the mainstream of Renaissance practice.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/b/bu/burgundian_school.html (717 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The Burgundian School is a term used to denote a group of composers active in the 15th century in what is now northern and eastern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands, centered on the court of the Dukes of Burgundy.
		The Burgundian School was the first phase of activity of the Franco-Flemish School, the central musical practice of the Renaissance in Europe.
		Of all the names associated with the Burgundian School, the most famous was Guillaume Dufay, who was probably the most famous composer in Europe in the 15th century.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Burgundian_school (1672 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for burgundians
		Occupied by Burgundians and later by Franks, it formed part of the Middle Kingdom of Lothar I after the division of the Carolingian empire in 843 and was part of the kingdom of Arles.
		He intrigued with the Burgundians and fell out with both Edward and his other brother, Richard, Duke of Gloucester (RICHARD III of England); he was found guilty of high treason and is supposed to...
		It was conquered by the Romans, Burgundians, and Franks.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=burgundians (1400 words)

	Burgundian School - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Burgundian School is a term used to denote a group of composers active in the 15th century in what is now eastern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands, centered on the court of the Dukes of Burgundy.
		The Burgundian School was the first phase of activity of the Franco-Flemish School, the central musical practice of the Renaissance in Europe.
		The Burgundian School was the first generation of what is sometimes known as the Netherlands School, several generations of composers spanning 150 years who composed in the polyphonic style associated with the mainstream of Renaissance practice.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Burgundian_School (1653 words)

	1465. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Charles's conquest of Lorraine and war on the Swiss cantons: defeat of Charles at Grandson and Morat.
		Defeat and death of Charles at Nancy (triumph of the Swiss pikemen over cavalry); end of the Burgundian menace.
		The Burgundian school of music flourished under the patronage of Charles the Bold: Gilles Binchois (d.
	www.bartleby.com /67/524.html (521 words)

	Illuminated Manuscripts
		As early as the fifth century schools of miniaturists were formed in the Christian convents of Syria and Mesopotamia which drew some of their inspiration from Greek art (draped figures), but relied mainly on the ornamental traditions of the ancient Orient.
		The masterpiece of this school is the Syriac Evangeliary written in 586 at the Monastery of Zagba (Mesopotamia) by the monk Rabula (since the fifteenth century in the Laurentian Library, Florence).
		Between the border and the text were represented scenes of everyday life, sometimes of a humorous character, for example a piper playing for dancing peasants, or animals, birds, monkeys, butterflies, dragonflies intermingled, with the foliage, as on the sculptured panels of the cathedrals of the same period.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/m/manuscripts,illuminated.html (5186 words)

	Burgundian School: Encyclopedia - Burgundian School
		Burgundian School, Burgundian School - Background, Burgundian School - Burgundian Composers, Burgundian School - Composers, Burgundian School - Manuscript sources, Burgundian School - Musical style and forms, Burgundian School - References and further reading
		Especially during the reigns of Philip the Good (1419 – 1467) and Charles the Bold (1467 – 1477), this entire area, loosely known as Burgundy, was a center of musical creativity.
		The term "Burgundian School", though widely used by music historians, is geographically misleading, since most of the musical activity did not take place in what is modern-day Burgundy, which has its capital in Dijon (even though the Dukes of Burgundy maintained an administrative center there).
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Burgundian_School/id/1940777 (1705 words)

	ROMANESQUE ART AND ARCHITECTURE, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Outstanding examples of the school form a group at Pisa that includes the cathedral begun in 1063; the baptistery, begun in 1153; and the famous leaning tower, a freestanding campanile, or bell tower, begun in 1173.
		The school that developed in the Auvergne region in central France represents a provincial development of the Burgundian school and is important for varied experiments in the solution of the vaulting problem in various pilgrimage churches.
		Regional schools of manuscript illumination in southern and western Europe developed characteristically distinct styles, as seen, for example, in a copy of the Beatus Apocalypse (Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris), made in the mid-11th century at the monastery of Saint Sever in southern France.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=220891 (3660 words)

	Gothic Sculpture in the 14th-15th centuries
		The basic themes are Christ on the Cross and Mary, the Virgin Mother, subjects endlessly repeated, with variations depending on the spirit of the school and the inspiration of the artist.
		In Gerona, Burgundian Gothic is splendidly represented by the magnificent tomb of Bishop Bernardo de Pau (died 1457).
		The chief characteristics of the latter, which became centered in Toledo and Burgos, are an increasing naturalism, combined with a strangely mannered conception of form, and a taste for ornament that finds expression in an emphasis on detail and in a persistent endeavor to reproduce in stone embroideries, jewelry, and the texture of fabrics.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /tours/spain/s_13_15.html (3251 words)

	myArmoury.com: The Burgundian Army of Charles the Bold
		They were the first army to be placed on a largely regular footing, contained numbers of specialist mercenaries, made large-scale use of both artillery and hand firearms, and Charles' military Ordinances, demanding strict discipline and, another innovation, regular drilling and exercising of the troops, became the basis for those of many 16th Century armies.
		Burgundian feudal levies still remained, and Charles hired various mercenaries: apart from the English longbows mentioned, there were French men-at-arms, German hand-gunners, and large numbers of Italians (including Savoyards—Savoy being at first an ally and later almost a satellite of Burgundy).
		As might be expected in this early period, figures for the overall strength of the Burgundian army are rather conflicting, but shortly before the disastrous defeat of Morat, 1476, his army consisted of: 1,741 men-at-arms (including 500 of the Household); 4,062 mounted archers (including 1,377 English; probably also mounted crossbowmen); and 4,445 infantry: 10,248 total.
	www.myarmoury.com /feature_armies_burg.html (1590 words)

	Franco-Flemish School - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In music, the Franco-Flemish School refers, somewhat imprecisely, to the style of polyphonic vocal music composition in Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries.
		The diffusion of their technique, especially after the revolutionary development of printing, produced the first true international style since the unification of Gregorian chant in the 9th century.
		Following are five groups, or generations, that are sometimes distinguished in the Dutch school.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dutch_School_(music) (388 words)

	Summi et Aeterni ORDER
		As the central figure in the Burgundian School, he was the most famous and influential composer of the mid-15th century, and can be considered as the founding member of the Netherlands school which dominated European music for the next 150 years.
		1490—December 7, 1562) was a Flemish composer of the Renaissance and founder of the Venetian School.
		In music history, the Roman School was a group of composers of predominantly church music, in Rome, during the 16th and 17th centuries, therefore spanning the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras.
	jeff.ostrowski.cc /productions/summi/order.htm (14963 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Collection Highlights
		This scene is one of twelve compositions in this Burgundian manuscript.
		The decoration consists of elaborate plant motifs into which are incorporated fabulous creatures, drolleries, and medallions containing subjects drawn from the Old Testament.
		This abundance of rich imagery and colour reflects the style of the Flemish-Burgundian School, which used and based itself on the traditions of the French school of miniature painting.
	www.hermitagemuseum.org /html_En/03/hm3_3_4_3d.html (103 words)

	paper2 link (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Burgundian School was located in Burgundy which was a part of the kingdom of France.
		The Burgundian school was known as the center of intellectual and artistic activity.
		The Burgundian School perfected a style of cadences that was known as the “Burgundian cadence.” This style utilizes the use of the Ornamental VII6 or the Landini sixth.
	www.louisville.edu /~atscha01/paper2.html (419 words)

	From Stoneage to Rock and Roll
		The artistic successor of the Burgundian school was the Flemish school.
		Martin Luther, who was a trained musician as well as a religious reformer (he wrote the famous hymn, "A Mighty Fortress"), said of Josquin, that he was a master of notes while others were mastered by notes.
		Musicians of the Burgundian and Flemish schools did not confine themselves to work in their native countries.
	www.iacta.com /yolanda/renaissance.htm (886 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Isidore of Seville
		His sister Florentina was a nun, and is said to have ruled over forty convents and one thousand religious.
		In this institution, which was the first of its kind in Spain, the trivium and quadrivium were taught by a body of learned men, among whom was the archbishop, Leander.
		It was at this council and through his influence that a decree was promulgated commanding all bishops to establish seminaries in their Cathedral Cities, along the lines of the school already existing at Seville.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08186a.htm (2477 words)

	John Gantner School House - Spring Mountain District
		Practically no one else has heard of School House either, despite the fact that this low profile grower and producer has been making wine from Spring Mountain since the 1950s.
		The winery is often confused for the second label of Caymus.
		And believe me, John M. Gantner, who has being running School House since he inherited the 15-acre ranch from his father, has heard it all before.
	wine.appellationamerica.com /wine-review/John-Gantner-School-House.html (988 words)

	ET, Bach and other stuff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Furthermore, his mention of English choirs using pure thirds had profound repercussions in the 14th and 15th centuries on the Burgundian School of composers.
		The close alliance of England and Burgundy (with ultimately tragic consequences at the end of the Hundred Years War) inspired the composers in the area of Burgundy to compose in a style known as fauxbourdon, the etymology of which is still uncertain.
		It should be noted that the Burgundian "School" was not a school per se, but rather a style of music composition particular to the area of Burgundy and patronized by the resplendent court of Philip the Good (r.
	www.ptg.org /pipermail/pianotech/2000-May/064270.html (292 words)

	Flemish School Art - Artists, Artworks and Biographies
		Flemish School Art - Artists, Artworks and Biographies
		The Flemish style of art began in the 15th century and was inspired by the manuscript illumination and art of the Burgundian court.
		The first center of Flemish art was Bruges, recieving this reputation with the help of Hubert and Jan van Eyck in the 15th century.
	wwar.com /masters/movements/flemish_school.html (278 words)

	paper3 link (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Since both composers studied at the Burgundian School, it is apparent that this style is greatly reflected in their compositions.
		Even though composers’ style varied greatly from one another, both have common ground in their schooling; the Burgundian School.
		Binchois focused mainly on the style taught in the Burgundian School.
	www.louisville.edu /~atscha01/paper3.html (394 words)

	French Cooking at Epicurious.com
		It was all delicious, and contributed to the warmth and gaiety of the crowd, which ranged in age from 7 months to 85 years old.
		with a wonderful terrine of pork shank and lentils with a mustard mousse followed by duckling cooked in a Burgundian red wine sauce, studded with mushrooms and bacon and served with a delicate potato pancake.
		Next came the cheeses including a fragrant époisses — a Burgundian specialty — and finally caramelized spice bread, vanilla ice cream, and pistachio mousse for dessert.
	www.epicurious.com /features/letters_from_france/collections/wedding (591 words)

	School of Music & Music Education
		The Burgundian Consort is a small vocal ensemble directed by Sonia Maddock.
		The school owns a beautiful set of handbells and students are welcome to experience the very particular musical skills needed and delightful sounds produced by the ensemble.
		The Pipers is jointly administered by SOAP and the School of Music and Music Education.
	music.arts.unsw.edu.au /currentstudents/perfgroups.php (580 words)

	Music 326/526
		Some regard the Burgundian school as the first part of the musical Renaissance
		· Secular: main genre was chanson (the most characteristic composition of the Burgundian School.
		· Burgundian court was very cosmopolitan: sharing of ideas from all over Europe.
	www.uwsp.edu /music/pholland/326/Burgundian.htm (494 words)

	Classical Mythology 101
		The Catholic Church, bruised from recent Papal Schisms but not yet under assault from the Lutheran Reformation, was enjoying a brief renaissance under Pope Nicholas V and had a virtual monopoly on those souls.
		But because only a little over 3 percent of the populace lived in the cities and towns ~ none of which had a population over 125,000 ~ very few people actually got to hear the masses of the Burgundian choral school being sung in the large Gothic cathedrals.
		When Mozart arrived in Paris in 1778, France was the most populous country in Europe with 25 million people (the rest of the continent, including Russia, numbered over 100 million ~ and by its first census in 1790, the United States had 3.8 million).
	www.angelfire.com /music2/davidbundler/myth12.html (908 words)

	Introduction to the Lessons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To Miss London, my music teacher at Frank Fowler Dow School, #52, Rochester, New York, who introduced me to the recorder and encouraged me to compose, in the mid 1950's.
		Historically, Johann Sebastian Bach would improvise all night or until the wine was gone.
		School of St. Martial, School of Notre Dame, Ars Antigua
	www.gc-music.com /Recor.htm (2905 words)

	burgundian - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "burgundian" is defined.
		Burgundian : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		Phrases that include burgundian: burgundian chanson, burgundian circle, burgundian empire, burgundian wars
	www.onelook.com /?w=burgundian (93 words)

	Renaissance - Uncyclopedia
		The popcorn of the 15th century Burgundian School defined the beginning of the Renaissance in that art; and the polyphony of the Netherlanders, as it moved with the concession stands themselves into Alaska, formed the core of what was the first true international vending machine since the standardization of Gregorian Chant in the 9th century.
		The culmination of the Netherlandish school was in the technique of popcorn making of the Italian composer, Beethoven.
		However, with the discovery of Germany by the Spanish in 11BC, and their confusion, these Germany was thought to be the fabled Americas of the East, and so popcorn from then on was labeled with Native Americans on the cover.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Renaissance (737 words)

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