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	East Asian History Sourcebook: John W. Foster: The Chinese Boycott, from The Atlantic Monthly, January 1906;
		Burlingame was placed by it at the head of an imposing embassy to visit the capitals of the Western world, and negotiate treaties of amity and commerce.
		The treaty was finally ratified by China, it was followed by the completion of the Pacific Railroad, and our government congratulated itself on being instrumental in bringing China out of her seclusion, and inducing her "to march forward," as Mr.
		The result was that this innocent man, who under treaty had a perfect right to reside in the country free from molestation, was made to suffer untold tortures in body and mind, in order that the immigration and police officers might satisfy their thirst for sensational activity.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/eastasia/1906foster.html (4442 words)

	Anson Burlingame Summary
		Burlingame had long urged China to send diplomatic representatives to the Western powers, and when he resigned as minister in November 1867, the imperial government named him and two Chinese colleagues to head an official delegation to visit the United States and the European capitals.
		In the United States the result was the Burlingame Treaty of 1868, which restated the principles of the 1858 treaty and pledged an American policy of respect for the territorial integrity of China.
		Burlingame continued his mission in London, where he secured a declaration that China was "entitled to count upon the forbearance of foreign nations." He was less successful in the other European capitals.
	www.bookrags.com /Anson_Burlingame (748 words)

	Burlingame Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Burlingame Treaty, between the United States and China, amended the Treaty of Tientsin and established formal friendly relations between the two countries, with the United States granting China Most Favored Nation status.
		Opposition in Congress to Chinese immigration led President Rutherford B. Hayes to authorize James Burrill Angell to renegotiate the treaty in 1880.
		The treaty was reversed in 1882 by the Chinese Exclusion Act.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Burlingame_Treaty (252 words)

	Burlingame Historical Society \| Anson Burlingame (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Burlingame was sent, instead, as the American minister to China, where he was able to earn the trust and respect of the Chinese government.
		During this tour Burlingame stressed equal treatment of the Chinese and he negotiated a treaty between the two nations that was signed on July 28, and was known thereafter as the Burlingame Treaty.
		The village that was developing nearby, around the railroad station, was known as “Burlingame”, reflecting some of the prestige of the glamorous club, but it was not until 1908 that the town was incorporated.
	www.burlingamehistorical.org /page191.htm (988 words)

	Anson Burlingame
		Burlingame accepted the challenge and specified rifles as the weapons to be used; his second chose Navy Island, above the Niagara Falls, and in Canada, as the place for the meeting.
		Burlingame's speeches did much to awaken interest in, and a more intelligent appreciation of, China's attitude toward the outside world.
		His son Edward Livermore Burlingame was educated at Harvard and at Heidelberg, was a member of the editorial staff of the New York Tribune in 1871-72 and of the American Cyclopaedia in 1872-76, and in 1886 became the editor of Scribner's Magazine.
	www.nndb.com /people/231/000102922 (354 words)

	Burlingame-Seward Treaty of 1868
		Treaty signed at Washington July 28, 1868, supplementing treaty of June 18, 1958; Senate advice and consent to ratification, with amendments, July 24, 1868; Ratified by the President of the United States October 19, 1868
		Cemeteries for sepulture of the dead of whatever nativity or nationality shall be held in respect and free from disturbance or profanation.
		The citizens of the United States may freely establish and maintain schools within the Empire of China at those places where foreigners are by treaty permitted to reside, and, reciprocally, Chinese subjects may enjoy the same privileges and immunities in the United States.
	academic.udayton.edu /race/02rights/treaty1868.htm (548 words)

	[No title]
		By the Burlingame treaty of 1868 the right of Chinese immigration was admitted, and the promise was made that the subjects of China should enjoy the same privileges, exemptions, and immunities respecting travel and residence as the subjects of the most favored nation.
		The principal feature of the Burlingame treaty was its attention to and its treatment of the Chinese immigration and the Chinese as forming, or as they should form, a part of our population.
		On the contrary, the treaty in such case still subsists between the governments, and the casual infraction is repaired by appropriate satisfaction in maintenance of the treaty.
	www.bklyn-genealogy-info.com /Ethnic/Chinese.Pres.html (2063 words)

	Burlingame, Anson - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		By his tact and understanding of Chinese opposition to the autocratic methods of foreigners in the treaty ports, he won a place as adviser to the Chinese government.
		One result was a treaty between China and the United States, supplementary to the 1858 treaty.
		One clause encouraged Chinese immigration—laborers were then much in demand in the West; later the heavy influx of Chinese under its provisions caused friction on the West Coast and led to the exclusion of Chinese immigrants (see Chinese exclusion).
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-burlingaa1.html (314 words)

	Chinese exclusion. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Their numbers continued to increase after the conclusion in 1868 of the Burlingame Treaty with China, which guaranteed the right of Chinese immigration; it did not, however, grant the right of naturalization.
		It was vetoed, however, by President Hayes on the grounds that it violated the Burlingame Treaty.
		In 1880 a new treaty with China was concluded; it allowed the United States to regulate, limit, or suspend the entry of Chinese labor, but not to prohibit it.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ch/Chines-exc.html (392 words)

	Robert B. Burlingame > Professionals > Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP
		Burlingame has substantial experience in complex transactions including software and technology licenses, consulting agreements, distribution agreements, product and services supply agreements, non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements, stock purchase agreements, assignments, copyright releases, privacy policies and website Terms of Use, domain name transfer agreements, intellectual property rights agreements and settlements, and joint venture agreements.
		Burlingame also regularly counsels and assists clients in regard to protecting their intellectual property rights, particularly trademarks and copyrights, in the U.S. and abroad.
		Burlingame is a frequent speaker on intellectual property issues and has led workshops and presentations upon request for a wide array of organizations and industries, including Thomson and Thomson, Practising Law Institute, CLE International, and the International Trademark Association (INTA) and local bar associations.
	www.pillsburylaw.com /rburlingame (401 words)

	History of Burlingame, California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		So impressed was Burlingame with the locale that he chose a villa site of approximately 1,043 acres for himself, to be used after his retirement from the China mission.
		The attractive name “Burlingame” was now on the property maps and in the news because of the “Burlingame Treaty” with China.
		Following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake people continued to settle in Burlingame and by 1908 it became incorporated as a municipal corporation of the sixth class, "The Town of Burlingame," later reclassified the City of Burlingame.
	burlingamechamber.org /history_of_burlingame.htm (300 words)

	[No title]
		A commission was sent to China in 1880 to negotiate a new treaty to permit the absolute prohibition of Chinese immigration.
		The Treaty of 1880 declared that "the Government of the United States may regulate, limit, or suspend such coming or residence, but may not absolutely prohibit it." The treaty further stated that the limitation must be reasonable and apply only to Chinese laborers.
		The act was amended in 1888, while a treaty, in which the Chinese Government undertook to prohibit Chinese laborers from coming to the United States, and our Government agreed to protect those here from the violence and outrages to which they were constantly subjected without redress was still pending.
	www.bklyn-genealogy-info.com /Ethnic/Chinese.imm.html (952 words)

	People Called Anson
		Burlingame fostered a policy of cooperation between the Western powers and China, intended to secure settlement of disputes by diplomacy rather than force and to further modernize China.
		Burlingame so impressed the Chinese government that in November, 1867, upon his resignation from his US post, he was named Imperial envoy charged with the conduct of China's international relations.
		Burlingame's mission was successful in London but less so on the Continent; he became ill in Russia and died there.
	www.mj12.com /notableansons/people.htm (1913 words)

	Timeline 1854 - 1919
		The Burlingame Treaty is issued, a treaty between the U.S. and China is concluded, establishing policies of commerce and friendship.
		The Hay-Pauncefote Treaty is signed between Great Britain and the U.S. It authorizes the U.S. to build, operate, and fortify a canal across the Central American Isthmus.
		Instead of negotiating the Versailles Treaty and the League of Nations Covenant with the Senate, Wilson goes on a tour of the country to rouse public opinion in favor of the project.
	pinzler.com /ushistory/timeline9.html (2675 words)

	chinzx.htm
		As a result, the focus of agitation moved to the national level with a demand for abrogation of the 1868 Burlingame Treaty, which had legalized the movement of Chinese workers to the U.S. and by treaty protected them from discrimination.
		His bill was made possible by a revision that year of the Burlingame Treaty, eliminating treaty obstacles to immigration restriction.
		Do they remember a text from the lips of Jesus, which will, I think, offset the text of a Chinese treaty: "Give not the children's bread to dogs." That the clergy have no sympathy with labor in general nor labor reform movements, their opposition to the anti-Chinese movement is but one indication.
	www.csupomona.edu /~reshaffer/chinzx.htm (8968 words)

	Center for Immigration Studies
		Indeed, when Chinese workers were introduced to the East Coast to replace white workers in a labor dispute in Massachusetts in 1869 and hired at less than one-third of the previous wage level, the NLU responded to the pleas of the white workers to end such practices nationwide.
		As an ancillary part of the treaty, it specifically stated that immigrants from China could enter the United States on the same terms as immigrants from Europe but that they could not become naturalized citizens.
		Hayes did, however, appoint a commission to renegotiate the treaty and, as a consequence, the following year Congress enacted legislation allowing Chinese immigration to be "suspended." Two years later, acting largely at the behest of the Knights and a number of independent craft unions, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was passed.
	www.cis.org /articles/2001/back1001.html (7953 words)

	Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, U.S. gains Texas, New Mexico, and southern California from Mexico.
		Burlingame Treaty between China and the US allows for Chinese immigration but Chinese cannot become naturalized citizens.
		Congress suspends provision of Burlingame Treaty allowing for Chinese immigration.
	thenationalist.org /Chronology.htm (1137 words)

	Asian Pacific Americans and Immigration Law
		Treaty of Kanagawa or Peace, Amnesty and Commerce-first Sino-American treaty; established formal relations with China; gave the United States unilateral rights
		Treaty of Chemulpo (Treaty of Amity and Commerce) started diplomatic relations between United States and Korea, which allowed Korean immigration to United States
		Treaty abolished all unilateral rights of the United States in dealings with China
	academic.udayton.edu /race/02rights/immigr05.htm (1555 words)

	Burlingame Treaty Revision (1880) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		He argued that by breaching the free immigration clause of the Burlingame Treaty, the bill was effectively a legislative nullification of a treaty with a friendly nation.
		In early 1880, Hayes appointed James Angell, former president of the University of Michigan, as chief negotiator for revising the treaty.
		In November, the new treaty was signed which allowed the American government to suspend, but not prohibit, the immigration of Chinese laborers to the United States.
	immigrants.harpweek.com /chineseamericans/2KeyIssues/BurlingameTreatyRevision1880.htm (367 words)

	Treatment_5
		The "selfish" action was more obvious in the Exclusion Laws (anti-Chinese movement.) During the 1860's, when California needed Chinese labor, American diplomats negotiated the BURLINGAME TREATY with China in 1868, which agreed to Chinese immigration to American and American immigration to China.
		However, in the 1870's, American no longer wanted Chinese to came to America because most the job (railroads) were finished and the depression that started in 1873, which many Americans were unemployed and needed the job.
		The anti-Chinese movement became so strong that the Burlingame Treaty was changed in 1880,which it allowed the United States government to limit Chinese immigration.
	gallery.sjsu.edu /oldworld/asiangate/angel_island/treatment_5.htm (207 words)

	Digital History
		Soon after the negotiation of the Burlingame treaty in 1868 large numbers of Chinese coolies were brought to this country under contract.
		The progress of the State was arrested, because so long as the field was occupied by Chinese a new and desirable immigration was impossible.
		After a bitter struggle remedial legislation was passed in 1882, and was renewed in 1892, and by treaty with China in 1894 Chinese exclusion became, with the consent of China, apparently the settled policy of the country.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /asian_voices/voices_display.cfm?id=37 (2275 words)

	Chinese History
		The Ching government had a vision that it could utilize the education learned by its students in America and translate it into increased industrial productivity in their country.
		Therefore, as a result of the ratification of the Burlingame Treaty (Treaty that allowed Chinese students to have educational privileges), 120 students (ranging from age 10 – 16) were sent to Hartford between 1872 and 1874.
		Ultimately, the Chinese believed that the U.S. has rescinded its promise by way of the Burlingame Treaty to give Chinese access to educational facilities.
	www.trincoll.edu /prog/ctpeople/Chinese/history.htm (1305 words)

	Burlingame Treaty of 1868
		Anson Burlingame was the U.S. minister to China in the Lincoln and Johnson administrations.
		More books on Burlingame Treaty of 1868 can be found at Barnes & Noble.
		Memorabilia related to Burlingame Treaty of 1868 is at auction on eBay.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h736.html (340 words)

	index
		Some also asserted the bill was against the Burlingame Treaty and reintroduced ideas of know-nothingism.
		However, on March 1, 1879, President Hayes vetoed the bill saying it was against the Burlingame Treaty and would threaten relations between the United States and China; not once did he mention ideas of rights, equality or justice.
		This treatise marked the end of free immigration of Chinese guaranteed by the Burlingame Treaty, and set the stage for the introduction and consideration of the first Chinese exclusion law.
	www.american.edu /bgriff/dighistprojects/boyle/politics.htm (1697 words)

	Ancestors in the Americas: Timeline
		Eventually 12 treaty ports are opened to Westerners.
		1844: The Treaty of Wanghsia, the First commercial treaty between China and the United States, is signed.
		The citizens of both countries have the right of free immigration with reciprocal privileges of residence, school and travel.
	www.cetel.org /timeline1.html (511 words)

	Manzanar NHS: Historic Resource Study/Special History Study (Chapter 1)
		Despite growing anti-Chinese sentiment on the Pacific coast where most of the Chinese immigrants had settled, however, the United States negotiated the Burlingame Treaty with China in 1868, giving the Chinese the right to emigrate to the United States.
		The result was the Treaty of November 17, 1880, permitting the United States to "regulate, limit or suspend" but not prohibit the entry of Chinese laborers.
		In 1894, a treaty was negotiated between the Japanese and United States governments permitting citizens of both countries mutual free entry, although both governments were empowered to protect domestic interests by legislating against excessive immigration of laborers.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/manz/hrs1.htm (3056 words)

	Burlingame Treaty (1868) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In 1867, the Chinese government made an extraordinary request of the American minister to China, Anson Burlingame: that he head a Chinese diplomatic mission to the United States and European nations.
		The request was evidence of the high degree of trust and confidence that the Chinese government placed in Burlingame.
		The amendment to the Treaty of Tientsin, commonly known as the Burlingame Treaty, was signed in Washington, D. C., in July 1868.
	immigrants.harpweek.com /ChineseAmericans/2KeyIssues/BurlingameTreaty1868.htm (146 words)

	Guide Introduction: Records of the Immigration and Naturalization
		Hoping to avoid American abrogation of the Burlingame treaty because of pressure from anti-Chinese nativists, the Chinese government signed a new treaty on November 17, 1880.
		The treaty, which was personally negotiated by President Theodore Roosevelt, was known as "the Gentleman's Agreement." Under its terms, the United States agreed not to include Japanese among the excludable races (ostensibly saving the Japanese international prestige) while the government of Japan obliged by withholding visas to America for "laboring classes" of its own nationality.
		The biggest difference between the Gentleman's Agreement and the Chinese Exclusion Act was that the former permitted the immigration of Japanese wives if their husbands were already living in the United States.
	www.lexisnexis.com /academic/guides/immigration/ins/insa1.asp (3339 words)

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