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Topic: Burmese culture

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	Culture of Myanmar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Burmese literature has been greatly influenced by Buddhism, notably the Jakata Tales.
		Aspects of Burmese culture is most apparent in religious sites.
		The most famous Burmese dish is mohinga, rice noodles in a rich fish soup.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Culture_of_Myanmar (1422 words)

	Programs - Art & Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		To attempt to encapsulate Burmese culture in a chapter of this length is to invite strong criticism, particularly from Western-educated Burmese and non-Burmese citizens of Burma.
		Buddhism as understood in the Burmese context is indisputably the basis of Burmese culture.
		That, to a Burmese, is the acceptance of Burmese cultural superiority by the white-faced Westerners, and affirmation of his belief that Burmese Buddhist culture is holier and better.
	icid.net /prg_artculture.htm (4139 words)

	Bamar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Burmese language, (the official language of Myanmar), is widely spoken by many of the ethnic minorities as well as the majority Bamar.
		Since Burmese culture has historically supported education for all citizens, the majority of Bamar are literate.
		The Burmese diaspora, which is a recent phenomenon in historical terms and began at the start of World War Two, has been mainly brought about by a protracted period of military rule and reflects the ethnic diversity of Myanmar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bamar (1251 words)

	Vol 9. No. 9, December 2001 - Culture & Arts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Burmese tend to paint a rosy picture of their culture, even as they acknowledge that in terms of political evolution, their country has lagged far behind much of the rest of the world.
		The Burmese people (and the Burmese military, at least ostensibly) seek to establish democratic rule, but they fail to critically examine aspects of their culture that may be incompatible with this goal.
		In particular, the exercise of power within the Burmese cultural context is deeply affected by the notion that the possessors of power acquired it through past acts of merit, implying that they are deserving of their status.
	www.irrawaddy.org /database/2001/vol9.9/culture.html (1492 words)

	Chapter 7. Mental Culture and Freedom. From the book `Mental Culture in Burmese Crisis Politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and ...
		Culture is by no means a simple concept, and the Burmese regime has not sufficiently problematised it before its wholesale adoption in their Twelve National Objectives.
		His view is that ‘Myanmar culture’ is ‘the culture of the spirit’, and the government's ‘objective to raise the national character and spirit is now included in the State's [three] social objectives’.
		Having sketched the generals' culture concept as centering upon racial purity and the Pondaung original Myanmar man, on the one hand, and the NLD and the regime's own cultural advisers' preference for Burmese culture as rooted in the spiritual concept of brahma-vihara, on the other, perhaps there is scope for their meeting.
	homepages.tesco.net /~ghoutman/chapter_07.htm (6585 words)

	Electronic Magazine of Multicultural Education
		Although I claim myself as a Karen Burmese, due to the fact that I am an ethnic mix I tend to be more liberal than those who are purely from a certain ethnic background and are more or less tightly bound by their own culture.
		In addition, the Burmese culture is considerably influenced by the national religion, Buddhism; which represents 90 to 94% of the population.
		In Burmese culture if there were even one woman on the upper level of a bus while men were riding on the lower level, people believe it would bring a bad luck to the men; since the majority traditionally believe that men should not be subordinate to women.
	www.eastern.edu:93 /publications/emme/1999summer/tun.html (1911 words)

	Modern Burmese Literature
		BURMESE TEXTS The Burmese historical chronicle, short stories, movie scripts, and plays in PDF files that can be read in Adobe's Acrobat Reader.
		It depicts the harsh circumstances in the village and the petty feuds that arise among it's inhabitants.
		If and when I have access to Burmese newspapers and archival records from the time I would like to find out whether this book is political propaganda (it was published right before an election that U Nu won) or whether its criticism has some basis in fact.
	www.geocities.com /bayinnaung/modern.html (2088 words)

	Burma asian culture and recipe links
		Although court culture has been extinguished, popular street-level culture is vibrant and thriving.
		Drama is the mainstay of this culture, and just about any celebration is a good excuse for a pwe (show).
		Burmese is the predominant language and has its own alphabet and script.
	asiarecipe.com /burculture.html (2411 words)

	Myanmar Travel - Myanmar Culture Information
		The composition of different Burmese musical instruments may not be appreciated to the Westerns, because, to their apparition, the Burmese musicals instruments are created without taking account of the harmonic effect which is very important for the western music.
		In the Burmese traditional music, the rhythm and the melody constitute the musical structure that develops itself by means of the repetition, light changes of rhythm and tonality bring the modulation that is provided by the harmonic dimension in the western music.
		For a Burmese, everything that he or she celebrates or what happens around him or she, since his or her birth until his or her death, can be accompanied with "Saing", either music of the Burmese traditional orchestra or rural music troop of amateurs.
	www.myanmarmtetours.com /myanmar.htm (5237 words)

	Dear Colleagues:
		Cultural attributes such as respect for one's elders, hospitality, generosity, Ah-na-deh and flat worship are several examples in this regard.
		It is interesting to note that in Burmese Buddhist culture, while Buddhist teachings essentially exhort individual liberation through self-reliance (in theoretical Buddhism the Buddha is not a savior nor god), many Burmese find a safe haven in the practice of flat worship.
		A Burmese in his or her 50s would address a person of college-going age as Tu-maung (nephew) or Tu-ma (niece), while the latter would use words like U (uncle) or Daw (aunt).
	www.ibiblio.org /freeburma/culture.html (4142 words)

	Burman
		A distinctly Burmese cultural practice, carried over in some cases to new lands is the use of thanaka, a pale yellow paste (from the thanaka plant) applied to the cheeks, forehead, and sometimes arms of both genders but more frequently of girls and women.
		The primary language of Burma is Burmese, one of the Tibeto-Burman family of languages.
		Burmese is tonal and at least to the Western ear, does not have the musicality or softness of most other Southeast Asian languages.
	www3.baylor.edu /~Charles_Kemp/burman.htm (2490 words)

	Vol 12. No. 1, January 2004 - Interview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Culture’s very important to provide a sense of unity among the population and it’s also politically important because you have an architectural setting—monuments, rituals, and so forth—that is linked to culture.
		Burmese political culture has been in transition ever since the demise of the monarchy and even before but experienced a crisis after national independence.
		Burmese politics has its own culture, which is different from say, Thai political culture or Chinese political culture or Western, English, whatever.
	www.irrawaddy.org /database/2004/vol12.1/interview.html (1767 words)

	Essays (kwerkey.net)
		Though the cause of this tragedy is not expressly given, in fact, it is Flory's ethnographic observation and his participation in the native culture in Burma that is the cause of his suicide at the end of Orwell's Burmese Days.
		She flaunts to other Burmese woman at every opportunity the prestige that being a bo-kadaw, a white man's wife, brought her (though she was not in fact his wife, "she had persuaded everyone, herself included, that she was" (p.
		His fascination and attachment to the Burmese culture proves to be intolerable for her.
	kwerkey.net /essays/SeparationAnxiety (1677 words)

	Journal of Buddhist Ethics
		Houtman’s primary aim is to demonstrate the central importance of mental culture, which he defines as the practices of vipassana (“contemplation”) and samatha (“meditation”) for understanding Burmese political ideology and the shape of the ongoing political conflict between the military regime that seized power in 1962 and the democracy movement.
		He is able to show that mental culture has played a prominent role in Burmese political history, beginning with figures such as Hpo Hlaing, a minister to King Mindon in the first part of the eighteenth century (pp.
		Thus, Houtman is able to show that mental culture is a legitimate part of a distinctly Burmese political ideology of democracy, yet the universal dimensions of mental culture open the debate to a wider audience that need not be Burmese to understand the value of mental culture or to participate in its practice.
	jbe.gold.ac.uk /7/derris001.html (2083 words)

	How the Indian Government Stabbed Burmese Tamils in the Back (Myanmar, Burma)
		Burmese Tamils (Myanmar Tamils) had their own Tamil language magazines for local and Tamil Nadu news, schools for teaching Tamil, and movie theaters for screening Tamil movies imported from India.
		Indian Government's hope was that, now on, the children and future generations of Burmese Tamils would adopt the Hindian culture and language (seen and heard in Hindi movies) and lose their Tamil identity (with no or very little access to Tamil culture and language through movies or magazines or schools).
		While the Aryan culture had engulfed and mutated most every culture in the Indian Subcontinent, Tamil culture and language stand almost pure in its original form, as a testimony that not every culture and language owe to Aryan culture and their Sanskrit language.
	www.geocities.com /tamiltribune/02/0702.html (800 words)

	Globalvision News Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The 30-year-long journey of Burmese pop music can be seen in this light, since it is very much a product of this control culture and is still subject to the restrictive and exploitative political and market structure.
		Denunciation of nascent Burmese pop music, especially "cover songs" derived from foreign music, was quite common in the mainstream establishment at that time.
		After decades of military rule, Burmese music continues to struggle with forces that seem to conspire to prevent its development, both artistically and as a form of social expression.
	www.gvnews.net /html/Asia-Living/alert038.html (2628 words)

	Welcome To Axis Mundi: A Student Journal For The Academic Study Of Religion
		The earliest Burmese were a population drawn from different ethnic backgrounds, living different levels of culture.
		By the end of his reign, the important character of traditional Burmese Buddhism was already clear: the promotion of the faith was the function of the king (14).
		The Burmese recognize that the karma of a monk is so vastly superior to that of the layman, that the very presence of a monk has a ritual sanctity about it (Pfanner 90).
	www.arts.ualberta.ca /axismundi/2000/syncretism_in_burma.php (2961 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Burmese dissident community who refuses to recognize the use of Myanmar sees this to be evidence of her support for the military regime.
		Ma Thanegi pretty much kept repeating the Burmese culture theme in her so-called arguments but as one of the democracy leaders in exile has stated, she herself seems very much ingrained in the junta culture of "father knows best".
		Although throughout her US trip, Ma Thanegi spoke on "Burmese culture," Brian Joseph of NED said at the DC session that in a totalitarian country it is impossible to know what national sentiments are.
	www.burmafund.org /Perspectives/112301-DKMK-MaThanegi.htm (3250 words)

	Books & CDs (Burma, Laos, Thailand, Buddhism) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Recently published in conjunction with a special exhibition of Burmese lacquerware at the British Museum, this book provides an overview of Burmese culture and art, detailed information about lacquerware materials and techniques, and a catalog of the items in the exhibition.
		The book is fascinating as a pure adventure, for its insight into the military and political struggle against the Burmese government, and as an introduction to the lands and cultures of the minority groups.
		Many journalists visited the easily accessible Burmese rebel camps along the Thai border, but this is the only description I’m aware of that covers the interior areas controlled by the Naga, Kachin, and the Communist Party of Burma.
	seasiancrafts.com /spiritworld/amazon.htm (2052 words)

	Online Burma Library > Main Library > Society and Culture > Religion > Buddhism > Buddhism and Society ...
		Tokyo: ILCAA Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Monograph Series, no. 33, Publication of the Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 1999...
		Gustaaf Houtman analyses military politics as a politics of authority (ana) and confinement that emphasises the local delineation of boundaries under the guise of benevolence, using the discourse of culture, archaeology and race, and the threat of imprisonment.
		It will discuss the organization, origin, and cultural content of the two denominations in order to show how their politico-religious concepts and ritual architecture are related to their historical position in a larger system comprising the Buddhist monarchial civilizations of Burma and Thailand.
	www.burmalibrary.org /show.php?cat=586 (2146 words)

	Burmese Students Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Burmese Students Association (BSA) was founded by some of the Burmese Students at Indiana University in July/August 1994.
		BSA was re-established in 2001 and held the first "International Burmese Students Conference" at Indiana University.
		To represent the Burmese students in activities and official requirements of Indiana University.
	www.indiana.edu /~bsa/aboutus.html (275 words)

	Burmese Crafts
		The author divides the studies into two sections: one devoted to crafts of the hill tribes of northern Thailand and the other to crafts of lowland Thai villages.
		Burmese wholesale Lacquerware crafts of high quality including lacquerware furniture shipped direct from Myanmar (Burma) Burmese Wholesale Lacquerware All of our Lacquerware is handmade and of top...
		He approaches the topic as presenting a series of problems to be researched and understood in relation to the data collected, rather than as fodder for a prevailing ideology.
	www.the-cat-zone.com /Burmese-Cat-Prices/Burmese-Crafts.htm (1130 words)

	Lotus in the Burmese Buddhist Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		THE ECCLESIATICAL INSIGNIA of the State Sangha Mahanayaka Office bears an emblem of lotus flowers symbolizing purity, longevity and prosperity of the Buddhist religion.
		The significance of Lotus flower in Buddhist Culture is quite remarkable and it needs a thorough intensive study to reveal the hidden meaning of this symbolism.
		The natural characteristics of Lotus flower reflect upon the interpretation of the similes and metaphorical statements in the Buddhist teachings.
	www.innwa.com /dev/qezine/news/get-news.asp?id=148 (584 words)

	Resources - Burmese Scholars :: Open Society Institute
		A Myanmar Mosaic website consisting of cultural performances, movies, songs, arts and crafts, scenic spots, Myanmar cuisine, and cultural and nature tours in English since 2001.
		Burmese songs categorized by male artists, female artists, couples, band/groups, lyrics and more.
		Burmese cooking methods, recipes, country information, and more Burmese culture.
	www.burmesescholars.org /resource.php (407 words)

	Theme - IIAS Newsletter Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Burmese are the majority of the population while Kachin, Chin, Arakanese, Shan, and Karen form important minority groups cultivating their own traditions.
		In recognition of a growing interest in the Burmese littoral, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) sponsored an international conference on Lower Burma and the Bay of Bengal, the proceedings of which will be published this Fall by the KNAW Press as The Maritime Frontier of Burma.
		Another defining element of Burmese culture is Burma's unique legal tradition, a field which has been brought to light by, among others, Andrew Huxley, who explores this vast field here.
	www.iias.nl /iiasn/25/theme/25T1.html (742 words)

	Burma
		An American journalist fluent in Burmese, Emma Larkin (a pseudonym) masterfully interweaves her travels in the footsteps of the British colonial officer with interviews and an astute, moving history of modern Burma.
		An illustrated guide to the art and culture of the ancient Buddhist city on the Irrawaddy with color photographs by Michael Freeman throughout.
		The young Burmese author, a member of a remote hill-tribe in the Shan hills, captures the traditions and challenges of the Padaung people in this astonishing memoir.
	longitudebooks.com /find/d/17/pc/JourneysInternational/r/JI/mcms.html (1052 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		As for bit.listserv.seasia-l, open discussion is discouraged by the listowner, because of its primary purpose as a distribution point of non-opinion based news.
		The decision to go with.burma was based on three factors: first, every Burmese respondent to the RFD supported the group as soc.culture.burma; second, as another poster pointed out,.burma is much more familiar and therefore practical to netnews users; and, third, because no one voiced solid objections to.burma.
		The newsgroup would serve an important role as a medium to carry information exchange for people who are related to Burma one way or another as well as for those who are interested in Burmese culture and current developments in politics (meaning democracy movement).
	faqs.org /ftp/pub/usenet/news.announce.newgroups/soc/soc.culture.burma (2239 words)

	The Asian Ancient Culture - TestDEN Chatroom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Enventhough,I am not good at writing English but I still have willing to contact with you all for chatting about Khmere culture and would like to show the good habit and the bad habit of Khmere people.
		Obviously, I know somebody perhap doesn't know clearly about khmere culture or doesn't know what is Ancient Angkor culture.
		hhhmmm burmese customs..well as we all are asians...if I'm not wrong most of us have some similarities..for instance...respecting the elders, oh yeah for burmese we don't normally call our elders by name..that is so so rude..I do have some indonesian colleges at work.
	www.testden.com /ultimatebb/Forum1/HTML/000039.html (643 words)

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