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	Burushaski language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Burushaski is a language isolate spoken by some 50,000-60,000 Burúšo people in the Hunza, Nagir, Yasin, and parts of the Gilgit valleys in northern Pakistan.
		Attempts have been made to establish a relationship between Burushaski and Sumerian, Basque, and the Caucasian and Dravidian language families; however, these efforts have met with little acceptance from linguists.
		Linguist Ilija Casule at Macquarie University proposes that Burushaski is either related to or influenced by a non-Indo-Aryan "Southern" subgroup of Indo-European which he takes to include Phrygian and Thracian, and by Balto-Slavic; these claims are by no means yet accepted.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Burushaski_language (399 words)

	Burushaski - UPSID Language Profile
		segfr(l, [voiceless, labio_dental, fricative], [hindi_urdu, punjabi, e_armenian, cheremis, komi, finnish, chuvash, yakut, bashkir, khalaj, yaqui, tarascan, wappo, moxo, guarani, ticuna, telugu, burushaski]).
		segfr(n, [voiceless, retroflex, sibilant, fricative], [pashto, punjabi, cham, mandarin, tolowa, mazatec, papago, tarascan, acoma, chacobo, tacana, cashinahua, telugu, kota, malayalam, basque, burushaski]).
		segst(n, [voiceless, aspirated, retroflex, plosive], [norwegian, hindi_urdu, bengali, kashmiri, punjabi, kharia, cham, kota, burushaski]).
	www.langmaker.com /db/ups_burushaski.htm (529 words)

	Burushaski language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Burushaski is a language isolate spoken by some 40-50,000 people in the Hunza and Yasin valleys in northern Pakistan.
		The Burushaski Language Short overview of where the language is spoken, followed by a sample text with translation into English.
		Burushaski Bibliography Bibliography of linguistics research on the Burushaski language.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Burushaski_language.html (466 words)

	Burushaski language - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is thought that the language has remained unchanged since the 13th century, and at one time it was spoken in most parts of the area.
		The linguist Ilija Casule from the Macquarie University claims that Burushaski is related to certain Indo-European languages including Phrygian, Thracian and Balto-Slavic; these claims are by no means yet accepted.
		Burushaski: an Extraordinary Language in the Karakoram Mountains
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /burushaski_language.htm (323 words)

	BURúSHASKI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Burushaski ist eine Sprache, die von etwa 100.000 Sprechern im Gilgit-Distrikt der pakistanischen Northern Areas und im angrenzenden Norden Kaschmirs gesprochen wird.
		Es existiert in drei Hauptdialekten, die in zwei etwa 100 Kilometer von einander entfernten Hochgebirgstälern gesprochen werden: der Dialekt von Hunza und derjenige von Nager, die nahe miteinander verwandt sind, sowie die stärker abweichende Sprachform von Yasin (auch Werchikwár genannt).
		Ebenso verstärkt sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten der Zufluss von Wörtern aus der pakistanischen Staatssprache Urdu.
	www.toonorama.com /encyclopedia/B/Bur%FAshaski (252 words)

	Burushaski language
		Burushaski is a language isolate spoken by some 40-50,000 people in northern Pakistan.
		Attempts have been made to establish a relationship between Burushaski and Sumerian, Basque, and the Caucasian and Dravidian language families-- none of these attmepts have been accepted by professional linguists.
		The language of the Indus valley civilization was may have been related to Sumerian, Dravidian, Burushaski, Munda or Kalto, though until a decipherment of the Indus valley script, there can only be speculation.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bu/Burushaski_language.html (141 words)

	OPF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Some linguists claim that Burushaski was once spoken over a much wider area, and it has since then become restricted to its present narrow confines by the pressures from surrounding language groups.
		Burushaski itself is isolated from all other languages, and as yet there is no conclusive evidence relating it to any language family.
		Burushaski is spoken in the central Hunza valley as well as in the valley of the Nagar River, one of the primary tributaries of the Hunza River.
	www.opf.org.pk /almanac/L/languages.htm (7298 words)

	UNESCO Collection of History of Civilizations of Central Asia : Online chapter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Burushaski is a completely distinct language: it stands at the confluence of three great families the Indo-European, the Sino-Tibetan and the Altaic – but belongs to none of them.
		Burushaski is one of the oldest tongues, but its place in the system of ancient and modern languages remains obscure.
		Burushaski was unquestionably more current in ancient times and occupied a number of regions where Dardic languages are now spoken and where Burushaski acted as a substratal or adstratal foundation.
	www.unesco.org /culture/asia/html_eng/chapitre316/chapitre1.htm (1259 words)

	Burushaski language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Recently, has linked Burushaski with (A member of one of the groups living in the Yenisei river valley in western Siberia) Yeniseian in a family he calls Karasuk, and thinks the connection wasn't noticed earlier only because Yeniseian is itself so obscure.
		There are three dialects of Burushaski: used in (Click link for more info and facts about Hunza) Hunza, Nagar, and Yasin.
		However, nowadays Burushaski is sometimes written, usually in a modified version of the (Click link for more info and facts about Arabic script) Arabic script.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/B/Bu/Burushaski_language.htm (316 words)

	Encyclopedia: Hunza
		Burushaski, (like the Basque language in Europe), is not known to be related to any other language.
		Domaski is dying out, as the youngsters of Domaski families prefer to speak Burushaski.
		Hunza, although never ruled directly by Kashmir, was a vassal of Kashmir since the days of HH Maharaja Ranbir Singh of Jammu and Kashmir.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hunza (1619 words)

	Encyclopedia: Burushaski language
		A loanword (or a borrowing) is a word taken into by one language from another.
		The Dravidian family of languages includes approximately 26 languages that are mainly spoken in southern India and Sri Lanka, as well as certain areas in Pakistan, Nepal, and eastern and central India.
		Hunza is the northernmost part of a region known as the Northern Areas of Pakistan.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Burushaski-language (923 words)

	Republican Operative Forums - Burushaski
		Burushaski is a language spoken in northern Pakistan and Kashmir.
		Before the Aryans and Dravidians came, Burushaski was once a widely spoken.
		Burushaski is like Ainu and Basque, language isolate with no known relatives.
	www.republicanoperative.com /forums/showthread.php?t=786 (139 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.221: Burushaski
		Lorimer, D.L.R. "A Burushaski Text from Hunza." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies.
		Ergative case is the norm for transitive subjects, but first and second person pronouns show a split in the future tense.
		"The Plural of Nouns and Adjectives in Burushaski." Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/5/5-221.html (630 words)

	Seekmeup.Directory - Science: Social Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural: Burushaski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Burushaski: An Extraordinary Language in the Karakoram Mountains - Online version of a book containing fairly detailed grammatical notes on Burushaski, by Dick Grune (available in PostScript or PDF format).
		Burushaski Bibliography - Bibliography of linguistics research on the Burushaski language.
		The Burushaski Language - Short overview of where the language is spoken, followed by a sample text with translation into English.
	www.seekmeup.com /directory/Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Languages/Natural/Burushaski (241 words)

	TerritorioScuola OpenDirectoryProject > Science> Social Sciences> Linguistics> Languages> Natural> Burushaski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Burushaski: An Extraordinary Language in the Karakoram Mountains - - Online version of a book containing fairly detailed grammatical notes on Burushaski, by Dick Grune (available in PostScript or PDF format).
		Burushaski Bibliography - - Bibliography of linguistics research on the Burushaski language.
		The Burushaski Language - - Short overview of where the language is spoken, followed by a sample text with translation into English.
	www.territorioscuola.com /dmoz.php3/Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Languages/Natural/Burushaski (193 words)

	Burushaski language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Burushaski is a language isolate spoken by some40-50,000 people in the Hunza and Yasin valleys in northern Pakistan.
		While attempts have been made to establish a relationship between Burushaski and Sumerian, Basque, and the Caucasian and Dravidian languagefamilies, these efforts have met little acceptance from linguists.
		There are fourdialects of Burushaski: Hunza, Gojal, Nagar, and Yasin.
	www.therfcc.org /burushaski-language-257634.html (104 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Small Families
		Recently several scholars have studied Basque with regard to other languages to which it might be related and have concluded that Aquitanian appears to have been its forerunner.
		Basque is spoken in the Pyranees Mountains, between France and Spain -- specifically in the autonomous regions of Euskadi and Navarra in Spain, and in Basse Navarre, Labourd, and La Soule in France.
		Burushaski has never been committed to writing, although it may be repre- sented by the Latin alphabet.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/smalfamh.htm (929 words)

	Queryster.com Search Directory - Science: Social_Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural: Burushaski - sites listing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bibliography of linguistics research on the Burushaski language.
		Publicity on a book containing proverbs and riddles in the Hunza dialect of Burushaski, by Etienne Tiffou of the University of Montréal.
		Short bibliography on the Burushaski language, based on responses to a newsgroup request.
	www.queryster.com /odp.php?browse=/Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Languages/Natural/Burushaski (337 words)

	Burushaski
		The Pragmatics of Formality and Politeness in Burushaski and Shina.
		“Burushaski Converbs in their South and Central Asian Areal Context.” M. Haspelmath and E. König (eds.).
		“The Plural of Nouns and Adjectives in Burushaski.” Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap 13:96-129 (Oslo)
	www.southasiabibliography.de /Bibliography/Burushaski/burushaski.html (1226 words)

	Institute For Spiritual Wisdom - Organizations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Burushaski Research Academy was established in 1982 in Hunza and Gilgit (Pakistan) and was later extended to Karachi and Islamabad.
		Its primary aim is the promotion, research and preservation of the Burushaski language, which is spoken in certain parts of the Northern Areas of Pakistan.
		Allamah Nasiruddin Nasir Hunzai (also known as Baba-i Burushaski = The father of Burushaski), the first poet in that language.
	83.244.133.102 /isw/organization.htm (265 words)

	Directory - Science: Social Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural: Burushaski
		Burushaski Bibliography · cached · Bibliography of linguistics research on the Burushaski language.
		The Burushaski Language · cached · Short overview of where the language is spoken, followed by a sample text with translation into English.
		The Rosetta Project - Burushaski · iweb · cached · Some basic information on the language, together with an inventory of its phonemes.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=819233 (184 words)

	Aleksandri i Madh, gjuha Burashaski dhe Iliret e Pakistanit - Faqja 2 - Forumi Shqiptar
		By applying the most stringent principles of the comparative-historical method nearly two hundred Burushaski words are analysed which display firm Indo-European correspondences that do not originate from an Indo-Aryan or Iranian source.
		It can be concluded that there is an ancient Indo-European layer in Burushaski which indicates an early relationship or contact in its history with the Southern (Aegean) branch of I.E. on the one hand and with the Northern I.E. group on the other, with which it shows remarkable and very close correspondences.
		Further systematic study of Burushaski vocabulary and grammar should clarify the implications of these findings and determine more closely Burushaski's affiliation within Indo-European.
	www.forumishqiptar.com /showthread.php?goto=lastpost&t=39865 (592 words)

	SALC Faculty: Bashir
		(to appear) "The d-prefix in Burushaski: Viewpoint and evidentiality." Paper presented at the 36th International Congress of Asian and North African Studies, 27 August - 2 Sepember 2000, Montreal.
		Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.2000: "A thematic survey of Burushaski research," History of Language, 6(1):1-14.
		Quotatives and Complementizers in Northwest Indo-Aryan, Burushaski, and Balti." In: Studies of Popular Culture in Pakistan.
	salc.uchicago.edu /facultybios/bashir.html (295 words)

	Services of Allama Nasir lauded -DAWN - National; 14 September, 2004
		Federal Information Minister Sheikh Rashid Ahmed, who was the chief guest on the occasion, appreciated the work of Dr Hunzai and asked the countrymen to understand the true spirit of Islam.
		Better known as Baba-i Burushaski (father of Burushaski), Lisanul Qawm (the spokesman of the nation) and Hakimul Qalam (the sage of the pen), the 85-year-old Dr Hunzai has authored about 150 books.
		It was Dr Hunzai, who for the first time developed Burushaski alphabets in 1940 and added eight new letters to one of the most ancient languages of the world.
	www.dawn.com /2004/09/14/nat28.htm (564 words)

	Burushaski Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Looking For burushaski - Find burushaski and more at Lycos Search.
		Find burushaski - Your relevant result is a click away!
		Look for burushaski - Find burushaski at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer!
	www.artquilt.com /encyclopedia/Burushaski (553 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This paper is a preliminary study of the noun phrase in Burushaski, an isolated language spoken in northern Pakistan.
		Following the analysis conducted by Lambek and me on the Turkish verb [B. 1999], I intend to show that a similar process can be applied to nouns as well.
		A comparable computational approach is indeed helpful to explain the rules governing case marked nouns in Burushaski.
	www.math.mcgill.ca /triples/Lambfest02/Bargelli.html (73 words)

	History of Language/Dhumbadji! Abstracts
		The study of Burushaski has made enormous strides since the early accounts published in 1854 and 1871 by the British explorers Cunningham and Hayward, and Burushaski can no longer be considered an understudied language.
		The paper is based on the premise that there is a connection between the cultural transmission of the wheel and horse-drawn chariot from the West into China and the phonetic similarity of words for wheel and wheeled-vehicle in Indo-European and Sino-Tibetan languages.
		This paper outlines evidence for the existence of a Macro-Caucasic language phylum, encompassing Basque, Caucasic and Burushaski, and held to be at a time depth comparable to that of Indo-European.
	www.tlg.uci.edu /~opoudjis/Work/dhumbabstracts.html (1707 words)

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