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Topic: Burushaski language

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Burushaski

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	Language - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		The family consists of a number of subfamilies or branches (groups of languages that descended from a common ancestor, which in turn is a member of a larger group of languages that descended from a common ancestor).
		The Austronesian languages, formerly called Malayo-Polynesian, cover the Malay Peninsula and most islands to the southeast of Asia and are spoken as far west as Madagascar and throughout the Pacific islands as far east as Easter Island.
		Languages of the Algonquian and Iroquoian families constitute the major indigenous languages of northeastern North America, while the Siouan family is one of the main families of central North America.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761570647___36/Language.html (2191 words)

	OPF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Burushaski itself is isolated from all other languages, and as yet there is no conclusive evidence relating it to any language family.
		Burushaski is spoken in the central Hunza valley as well as in the valley of the Nagar River, one of the primary tributaries of the Hunza River.
		The Siraiki language is spoken in the central part of Pakistan, on either side of Indus, approximately from 280 N to 330 N longitude and including the reaches of Chenab and Sutlej, which correspond to the southwestern part of Punjab and adjacent areas.
	www.opf.org.pk /almanac/L/languages.htm (7298 words)

	Burushaski language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Burushaski (ISO/DIS 639-3 bsk) is a language isolate spoken by some 50,000-60,000 Burusho people in the Hunza, Nagar, Yasin, and parts of the Gilgit valleys in northern Pakistan and Kashmir.
		The language was seldom written for centuries; today it uses a modified version of the Arabic script, and Partawi Shah has written poetry in Burushaski.
		Nouns in Burushaski are divided into four genders: human masculine, human feminine, countable objects, and uncountable (similar to mass nouns).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Burushaski_language (774 words)

	Burushaski language
		Burushaski is a language isolate spoken by some 40-50,000 people in northern Pakistan.
		Attempts have been made to establish a relationship between Burushaski and Sumerian, Basque, and the Caucasian and Dravidian language families-- none of these attmepts have been accepted by professional linguists.
		The language of the Indus valley civilization was may have been related to Sumerian, Dravidian, Burushaski, Munda or Kalto, though until a decipherment of the Indus valley script, there can only be speculation.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bu/Burushaski_language.html (121 words)

	Language of the week: Burushaski « Anggarrgoon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Continuing in alphabetical order, this week’s language* of the week ™ is Burushaski, an isolate spoken in the Hunza valley and the area around Gilgit in Northern Pakistan.
		For example, there is some of Lorimer’s work, including a text, and a few articles on aspects of Burushaski grammar, such as this one on split ergativity and this one by Joan Baart on features of tonal languages in Northern Pakistan.
		Burushaski is one of these languages which, because it is an isolate, is often attributed to one language family or another.
	anggarrgoon.wordpress.com /2006/08/03/language-of-the-week-burushaski (392 words)

	Language and Politics in Jammu and Kashmir
		Language and culture are interrelated because the language regions possess certain homogeneity of culture and are characterized by common traits in history, folklore and literature.
		Since language and particularly mother tongue forms the core of this much publicized concept of 'Kashmiriat', this study has been undertaken to analyse the complex dynamics of language and politics in the multi-lingual state of Jammu and Kashmir.
		Given the importance of the subject, it is incumbent upon the linguists and anthropologists in India to unravel the mysteries of evolution and affinities of various mother tongues of Jammu and Kashmir State, in the broader context of race movement and civilisational evolution in north and north western India.
	www.koausa.org /Languages/Warikoo.html (6407 words)

	Foundation For Endangered Languages Issue 26.
		Except for Burushaski, a language isolate which is still spoken north of Gilgit in Hunja, a remote part of northern Pakistan at the border of China, Nepal's languages all belong to the world’s major language families: Indo-European, Dravidian, Sino-Tibetan and Austro-Asiatic.
		Languages Endangered as the Process of Globalization Accelerates As the process of globalization or Anglicization is in effect all over the world, Nepal cannot withstand it.
		From the point of view of linguistic purism, Irish as a language is in some trouble under the pressures of bilingualism and lack of opportunities to use Irish, and the Gaeltacht regions where Irish is supposed to be the community first language are under pressure as well.
	www.ogmios.org /265.htm (5646 words)

	Jammu & Kashmir: Distribution of Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Within it two major language families, the Indo-European and the Sino-Tibetan, each dominate over extensive areas, while an as-yet-unclassified language, Burushaski, occupies a relatively small niche along the border with China and Afghanistan.
		Among the Indo-European languages, Kashmiri, Shina, and several other local tongues (spoken over much of the Northern Areas and in a small portion of Kargil district) form a distinct Dardic group, whose area of dominance also extends across the northern part of the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan and into northeastern Afghanistan.
		Also within the Indo-European family are several locally dominant languages, most notably Gojri, the language spoken by the Gujar and Bakerwal pastoral communities, and various dialects collectively grouped under the designation "Pahari" (i.e., of the mountains).
	www.kashmirstudygroup.net /awayforward/mapsexplan/languages.html (419 words)

	language families of the world
		There are three language isolates represented on this map, unrelated to any of the language families: Basque thrives between France and Spain.
		Burushaski and Nahali are found in the Indian subcontinent.
		The Kartvelian languages are considered by many linguists to be a separate family, possibly related to Indo-European.
	www.ship.edu /~cgboeree/languagefamilies.html (835 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Small Families
		You have reached the page which groups together several small families, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.
		Note that a language called Iberian was spoken at the time of the Roman conquest along the Mediterranean coast of Spain, but linguists do not now believe it related to any other known language.
		Burushaski has never been committed to writing, although it may be repre- sented by the Latin alphabet.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/smalfamh.htm (929 words)

	World Atlas of Language Structures: List of Sources
		This bibliography first lists the sources for languages in the 100-language sample, followed by a list of sources for languages in the 200-language sample that are not in the 100-language sample.
		Studies in Chinantec Languages 2 Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington.
		Beaton, A. A Grammar of the Fur Language.
	linguistics.buffalo.edu /people/faculty/dryer/dryer/atlas.bib (2246 words)

	Burushaski
		Burushaski is a language spoken in northern Pakistan and Kashmir.
		Burushaski is like Ainu and Basque, language isolate with no known relatives.
		Turns out that as far as typology, grammar, and syntax are concerned the closest language to Burushaski is Basque!;)I also read an anecdote that population genetics have linked the basques and the Hunza's; but even so that doesn't help much in terms of grouping basque and burushaski into a distinct language family....
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-chat/1273324/posts (350 words)

	Book Review
		He worked on Burushaski when he was still in service and then, after retirement, came back to complete his linguistic research with the help of a fellowship.
		His wife, E.O. Lorimer, accompanied him both times and this book is based on the second trip of fourteen months in 1934-35 when she made friends with the people of Hunza, the Hunzakuts, in a truly sincere way.
		She learns their language by actually talking to them and, as she gets ample opportunity for this, she picks up a tolerable knowledge of Burushaski.
	www.tariqrahman.com /bookre/E.O.Lorimer.htm (935 words)

	Burushaski Translation Service - English to Burushaski Translation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		You probably don't speak Burushaski yourself, so there are a few questions you'll need to consider when choosing a translation company.
		Language is a living thing it develops and changes constantly.
		Lexical similarity 91% to 94% between Nagar and Hunza dialects, 67% to 72% between Yasin and Hunza, 66% to 71% between Yasin and Nagar, and may be a separate language.
	www.appliedlanguage.com /languages/burushaski_translation.shtml (485 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.221: Burushaski
		Lorimer, D.L.R. "A Burushaski Text from Hunza." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies.
		"The Burushaski Language." (3 vols.) Oslo: Instituttet for Sammilignende Kulturforskning.
		"The Plural of Nouns and Adjectives in Burushaski." Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap.
	linguistlist.org /issues/5/5-221.html (630 words)

	Ket language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ket language, formerly known as Yenisei Ostyak, is a Siberian language isolate, the sole surviving language of a Yeniseian language family, spoken along the middle Yenisei Basin by the Kets.
		Attempts have been made by Soviet scholars to establish a relationship with either Burushaski or the Sino-Tibetan languages, and it frequently forms part of the Dene-Caucasian hypothesis.
		The language is threatened with extinction—the number of ethnic Kets that are native speakers of the language has dropped from 1,225 in 1926 to 537 in 1989.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ket_language (275 words)

	Sumerian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BCE.
		Semitic languages are structured according to consonantal forms, whereas cuneiform was a syllabary, binding consonants to particular vowels.
		In 1856, Hincks argued that the untranslated language was agglutinative in character.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Sumerian_language (2890 words)

	Burushaski-Urdu dictionary launched in Gilgit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		GILGIT, Oct 1 (APP): The Burushaski Research Academy in collaboration with Karachi University compiled a dictionary on Burushaski language which was a widely spoken language of Northern Areas.
		Burushaski, being a widely spoken language of Northern Areas attracted international researchers to work on it, Dr. Shahnaz Salim Hunzai, Project Director, Burushaski-Urdu Dictionary stated this while addressing at the opening ceremony held at Karakuram International University here on Sunday.
		She said Allama established Burushaski Research Academy in early 1980 and conducted profound research on the language.
	www.interface.edu.pk /students/Oct/Burushaski-Urdu-dictionary.asp (294 words)

	Burushaski Referensi
		Burushaski is spoken by 40,000 people living in the mountainous regions of northwestern Kashmir.
		It is of special interest to philologists in that it appears to be completely unrelated to any other language of the area, or for that matter to any other language of the world.
		There is an alphabet for this language, but its use is not frequent or standardized.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Indonesian/Languages/Burushaski.htm (303 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles
		Though this is their primary language, it is not yet a written language.
		Urdu, which is the national language of Pakistan, is the secondary language of the Burusho.
		Finally, Burushaski (the language of the Burusho) is still an unwritten language.
	www.global12project.com /2004/profiles/p_code/1337.html (885 words)

	5.4. LINGUISTIC ARGUMENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If Kuiper is wrong, it would mean that as per the prevalent theories, not a single living language in the subcontinent (except for the peripheral languages Burushaski and Andamanese, at least for now) is indigenous.
		As Sergent notes, all Melano-African languages have been credibly argued to be related, with the exception of the Khoi-San and Korama languages of southern Africa and the Afro-Asiatic family of northern Africa; so the kinship of Dravidian would be with that entire Melano-African superfamily, though it would be more conspicuous with some of its members.
		Europe is almost entirely IE-speaking, with Basque serving as the European counterpart to the Khoi-San languages in subequatorial Africa, a left-over of the original linguistic landscape largely replaced with the conquering newcomer, IE c.q.
	voi.org /books/ait/ch54.htm (4024 words)

	Language a main theme of 22nd annual Humanities Open House
		One of the themes this year is &147;Discovering Our Languages.” In this vein, Elena Bashir, Lecturer in South Asian Languages and Civilizations, will introduce “The Languages of Pakistan,” showcasing the vast spectrum of languages in that region, which has drawn such attention lately.
		In addition to the spoken languages of three major linguistic familiesóIndo-European (Indic and Iranian), Tibeto-Burman and Dravidian––the mysterious language of Burushaski, which has a yet undetermined genetic affiliation, is spoken in the northern part of the country.
		Bill Darden, Professor in Slavic Languages and Literatures and the College, will show what corpses have to do with language change in his talk titled “The Mummies of Ðr¸mchi, Tokharian, and the Spread of Indo-European.”; Mummified corpses of Caucasoid people, dating to the second millennium B.C., have been found in Chinese Turkestan.
	chronicle.uchicago.edu /011018/openhouse.shtml (1070 words)

	LINGUIST List 17.3025: Lang Description/Socioling: Munshi: 'Jammu and Kashmir Burush...'
		Sadaf Munshi, Jammu and Kashmir Burushaski: Language, language contact, and change
		Burushaski language in the valley of Kashmir came from the realization that
		grammar is concerned with the structural properties of the language.
	linguistlist.org /issues/17/17-3025.html (362 words)

	Burushaski
		Being an Introduction to a Knowledge of the Language, Race, and Countries of Hunza, Nagyr, and a Part of Yasin.
		The Pragmatics of Formality and Politeness in Burushaski and Shina.
		“The Plural of Nouns and Adjectives in Burushaski.” Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap 13:96-129 (Oslo)
	www.southasiabibliography.de /Bibliography/Burushaski/burushaski.html (1333 words)

	Hunza Proverbs
		Etienne Tiffou has provided here a critical review of proverbs and riddles in the Burushaski language of the Hunza Valley, site of the legendary Shangri-la. Each entry is accompanied by linguistic and ethnologic commentaries.
		The book was undertaken to enrich the documentation already available on Burushaski, a spoken and isolated language of Karakoram, in the extreme north of Pakistan.
		He has been working on Burushaski since 1975, and is chiefly involved in the study of the Yasin dialect.
	www.ucalgary.ca /UofC/departments/UP/1-895176/1-895176-29-8.html (209 words)

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