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Topic: Bushmeat

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	Bushmeat
		Commercial exploitation of bushmeat, meat from wild animals killed for human consumption, is a threat to wildlife populations in Africa, Asia, Oceania and South America.
		Bushmeat hunting is currently one of the world’s most pressing conservation problems.
		Bushmeat hunting is a complex issue with cultural and economic implications.
	www.natureandpoverty.org /index.php?id=99 (260 words)

	Bushmeat
		Commercial bushmeat hunters, who use shotguns and snares that can kill many more animals in much less time than the traditional spears and nets, are bringing the lucrative bushmeat to growing markets in villages and cities.
		Logging roads are used by bushmeat hunters to gain access to the deep forest and to transport the bushmeat out of the forest to markets, often with logging trucks.
		Organizations such as the Bushmeat Project, The WSPA, and coalitions of organizations such as the Ape Alliance, of which The HSUS is a member, are seeking solutions to the bushmeat crisis.
	www.hsus.org /wildlife/issues_facing_wildlife/wildlife_trade/bushmeat.html (974 words)

	July 2002 CITES Bushmeat Working Group Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Agnagna reminded the participants that the bushmeat question is a major concern at the international level and that Central Africa is the most involved; it is therefore important that the focal points of the region show much dynamism and self-sacrifice in accomplishing their tasks.
		Despite that, the commerce of bushmeat is openly practiced and on many varied levels, from simple exchanges between inhabitants of the same region of small quantities of meat to exports of several tons.
		The bushmeat sold in Pointe Noire originates largely from the wildlife reserve of Conkouati, which is subjected to intensive poaching, due to its proximity, and also from forests in the neighborhood of Nkola where timber logging work-sites exist.
	www.cites.org /esp/prog/BWG/0107_wg_report.shtml (7581 words)

	Bushmeat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term ‘bushmeat crisis’ tends to be used to describe unsustainable hunting of wildlife in West and Central Africa or the humid tropics, depending on interpretation.
		Bushmeat hunting is common in sub-Saharan Africa's dense forests.'The bushmeat trade' refers to the sale of any bushmeat species, though Western sources tend to focus on the great apes.
		As this terminology suggests, the issue of bushmeat hunting is highly politicized, with little support for the practice outside the African forests and cities where it is done.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bushmeat (1044 words)

	Bushmeat
		There are two types of consumer for bushmeat; subsistence hunters, to whom bushmeat is an essential dietary requirement and rural populations whom are not in the extreme poverty bracket and therefore buy bushmeat as a luxury item or as a preference to domestic meat i.e.
		Bushmeat trade has become so commercialised that in Liberia the bushmeat trade is now thought to be worth more than the timbre trade (Bowen-Jones et al.
		Many of the people who used to live in countries where eating bushmeat is common practice are emigrating to Britain because of the threat of civil war and political unrest and with their migration comes their preference for bushmeat.
	www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk /3035/bushmeat/bush2.html (1916 words)

	bushmeat
		Bushmeat is the meat of animals who live in forests, from gorillas to rodents.
		Bushmeat is a huge industry, but many developing countries lack capacity to collect taxes or enforce hunting regulations, and bribery of poorly paid local and national officials is a problem.
		FAO co-hosted a bushmeat workshop last September in Cameroon and is working with other United Nations agencies and conservation organizations to implement a major project in West Africa that designates forests as World Heritage sites -- areas of irreplaceable value needing international protection -- and encourages community management of wildlife.
	www.fao.org /News/2002/020203-e.htm (904 words)

	ODI Bushmeat and Livelihoods Research Project - The Bushmeat Crisis & Livelihoods
		For many rural people, bushmeat is not only an important source of animal protein in their diets, but it may also increasingly be a key component of their livelihoods in providing flexible cash incomes from its sale to traders and local consumers.
		Although bushmeat is widely consumed by rural people close to the resource, the urban market is the most significant in terms of the bushmeat trade.
		Bushmeat in urban areas is often a delicacy, high value item, for which a premium is paid for particular species (e.g.
	www.odi-bushmeat.org /bushmeat_crisis_livelihoods.htm (1439 words)

	23 - Bushmeat Crisis
		Bushmeat is relatively inexpensive because hunters do not pay the costs of producing wildlife as do farmers who raise livestock.
		As demand for bushmeat increases, more people will be encouraged to become involved in the trade, increasing the pressure on wildlife populations, threatening the survival of rare species, and jeopardizing access of future families to the nutritional and income benefits from wildlife.
		Commit to implementing, in collaboration with national governments, pilot activities to (1) curb the export of bushmeat from logging concessions, (2) enhance the capacity of governments to legitimize and enforce existing wildlife conservation laws, and (3) ensure that families in West and Central Africa have access to alternative sources of protein.
	www.worldwildlife.org /bsp/publications/africa/127/congo_23.html (1703 words)

	3.1.3 Bushmeat trade
		Bushmeat is an expensive meat throughout the region and in many areas it is more expensive than meat of domestic animals.
		The bushmeat trade at the Atwemonom market is highly organised as small family businesses passed on from one generation to the next and fourth generation traders, i.e., traders whose mothers, grandmothers and great grandmothers had been bushmeat traders can be found (see Box 7).
		One aspect of the bushmeat trade which was dominated by men was the dressing of the meat.
	www.fao.org /docrep/w7540e/w7540e09.htm (1468 words)

	Chimfunshi - Bushmeat Crisis
		Virtually all of the chimpanzee orphans at Chimfunshi are a result of the bushmeat crisis, either having been confiscated directly from poachers or having been repatriated to Africa after years in foreign zoos, circuses, or animal shows.
		The bushmeat trade occurs throughout West and Central Africa, but is especially rampant in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, the Central African Republic, Liberia, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Liberia and Cote d'Ivoire.
		The Bushmeat Crisis Taskforce was formed in 1999, uniting dozens of primate welfare and conservation groups in an effort to halt the bushmeat trade.
	www.chimfunshi.org.za /pages/bushmeat.html (421 words)

	The Canadian Ape Alliance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Now, with the introduction of foreign logging companies who buy their way into these African countries, the bushmeat crisis is being fuelled by these companies who build logging concessions in pristine, untouched areas, and then introduce roads deep into once unreachable forests, allowing hunters, access to the wildlife there.
		The Bushmeat Project homepage, established in the '90's to begin to fight this crisis.
		Rose is the founder of the Bushmeat Project and director of The Gorilla Foundation's Wildlife Protectors Fund.
	www.great-apes.com /bushmeat.htm (961 words)

	Bushmeat Research Programme
		Bushmeat is the meat of wild animals hunted by local people for income or subsistence in West and Central Africa.
		The Bushmeat Research Programme at the Institute of Zoology, the research arm of the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), is involved in research to enhance our understanding of the bushmeat trade in West and Central Africa.
		This study seeks to clarify the sustainability of bushmeat hunting in and around the southern part of Virunga National Park in the North Kivu province of Democratic Republic of Congo, a region where prolonged social upheaval has led to a breakdown of law enforcement.
	www.zoo.cam.ac.uk /ioz/projects/bushmeat.htm (2300 words)

	7/11/2002 -- GHANA: The Bushmeat Crisis
		Their persistence in the trade during the Closed Season could be due to non-availability of suitable alternative income generating options, the volume of bushmeat available in all the markets confirmed the assertion (Molade, 2000) that despite the decline in the population of some key species in the wild, the supply to the markets remained stable.
		The fact that the bushmeat trade was still thriving during the period of the Annual Closed Season, attested to the fact that Wildlife Conservation regulations, LI 685 of 1971, together with all the amendments are not known by civil society as a whole.
		However, the lack of awareness and enforcement could be contributing to the bushmeat crisis, since hunting and sale of bushmeat continued during the Closed Season and could completely disrupt the recruitment and the replacement generation of a number of key species of wild animals.
	forests.org /articles/reader.asp?linkid=17460 (4207 words)

	WCS Gabon - Bushmeat
		Bushmeat is a growing problem in Africa ; Gabon is one of the few Central West African countries that can be said to have forests where animals can still be seen without too much trouble.
		The eating of bushmeat in Gabon is an important source of protein for villagers where meat from domesticated animals is prohibitively expensive.
		Without any real means of controlling it, easy to reach animal populations are being overexploited to feed the bushmeat trade, which in turn threatens the livelihoods of the people who live from the bushmeat trade be it directly as a source of food for subsistence or indirectly as a source of earnings.
	www.wcsgabon.org /Gibier/BushMeat.html (645 words)

	CDC - Risk to Human Health from a Plethora of Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses in Primate Bushmeat
		Bushmeat samples were obtained through a strategy specifically designed not to increase demand: women preparing and preserving the meat for subsequent sale and hunters already involved in the trade were asked for permission to sample blood and tissues from carcasses, which were then returned.
		Most of the bushmeat animals were adults, while most of the pets were still infants or juveniles at the time of sampling.
		Bushmeat hunting, to provide animal proteins for the family and as a source of income, has been a longstanding common component of household economies in the Congo Basin and, more generally, throughout subSaharan Africa (33-35).
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol8no5/01-0522.htm (4100 words)

	Defra, UK - Animal health & welfare - Illegal imports - Facts about bushmeat
		Bushmeat is the meat of any wild animal hunted for food.
		Bushmeat might therefore derive from critically endangered species listed in the Appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), but could equally come from relatively common species such as various kinds of deer or rodents.
		The Government has provided some £80k in support of the Bushmeat Working Group (BWG), which was set up to examine issues raised by the trade in bushmeat within the Central African sub region and report back to the 13th CITES Conference of Parties in October this year.
	www.defra.gov.uk /animalh/illegali/topics/bushmeat.htm (397 words)

	Guns vs. Eden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Loggers eat bushmeat because protein is typically scarce in forests (tsetse flies carrying trypanosomosis sicken cattle in much of Africa).
		We didn't hear much about bushmeat until five or 10 years ago, yet activists like Helen Crowley of the Wildlife Conservation Society say the bushmeat trade is even more threatening to African wildlife than deforestation -- which is, after all, the primary result of logging.
		In logging camps, bushmeat is cheaper than other high-protein foods, and while more expensive in cities, bushmeat's gourmet status sparks a growing demand for meat from chimps, gorillas, bonobos, forest antelopes, even cane rats.
	whyfiles.org /136last_eden/4.html (695 words)

	Bushmeat - The Congo Cookbook (African recipes) www.congocookbook.com - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In Africa, bushmeat or viande de brousse are the words most often used to refer to wild game, that is, meat of wild animals.
		Nonetheless, accuracy demands that we realize that many of these recipes were developed to cook African bushmeat, not beef, and the consumption of wild game is significant in both historical and contemporary Africa.
		The threat to wildlife posed by the commercial hunting and sale of bushmeat in Africa has led to the formation of the "bctf">Bushmeat Crisis Task Force, a collaborative effort of individuals and organizations established to address the problems and solutions of this crisis for wildlife and humans.
	www.congocookbook.com /c0075.html (973 words)

	Bushmeat on the Menu: Science News Online, Feb. 26, 2005
		For example, a new report by longtime bushmeat analyst John Fa of the Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust on the island of Jersey lists 71 species of mammals that are traded in seven countries of west and central Africa: Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, and Ghana.
		In the Congo basin, bushmeat catches per person near logging roads have been measured at three to six times the harvests in communities far from the roads.
		Citing a similar scenario, the Bushmeat Crisis Task Force charges that a surge in mining of columbo-tantalite, a material used in cell phone capacitors, is opening even some supposedly protected parks to increases in the bushmeat trade.
	www.sciencenews.org /articles/20050226/bob9.asp (2624 words)

	CNN - Bushmeat: Logging's deadly 2nd harvest - April 23, 1999
		Bushmeat has been a staple in the diet of forest-dwelling African peoples for centuries, but the number of animals being taken now has reached crisis proportions, according to experts.
		WCS estimates that the annual harvest of bushmeat in equatorial Africa exceeds 1 million metric tons; the wild meat trade in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, in 1996, was conservatively estimated to be more than 1,000 tons a year,
		The study found that the main catalyst of the devastation is growth of the timber industry -- timber prices and profits are tied to provision of commercial bushmeat to migrant workers, according to the IUCN report.
	www.cnn.com /NATURE/9904/23/bushmeat.enn/index.html (578 words)

	Bushmeat Project; Save the Great Apes; Chimps and Gorillas
		Great apes -- gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos -- are being hunted to extinction for commercial bushmeat in the equatorial forests of west and central Africa.
		The Bushmeat Project has been established to support partnerships that will help the people of equatorial Africa to protect the region’s vital ecosystems and vibrant societies.
		A primary theme of the Bushmeat Project has been the attempt to convert “poachers to protectors.” It began in 1996 when Anthony Rose was introduced to an ex-gorilla hunter in Cameroon’s Eastern Province.
	bushmeat.net /about.html (1086 words)

	The Bushmeat Trade
		Bushmeat is a very painful topic for anyone who cares for wildlife.
		Bushmeat: The killing of animals, often endangered species such as gorillas, chimpanzees, monkeys, okapi, elephant, etc., for their meat, which is consumed as a delicacy and status symbol, NOT a needed source of protein.
		Bushmeat is a luxury and like drugs, it’s a luxury that comes at an incredibly awful high price that the selfish consumer rarely considers.
	www.gorilla-haven.org /ghbushmeat.htm (1125 words)

	Bushmeat Crisis
		In fact, the illegal commercial bushmeat trade now surpasses habitat loss as the primary danger to many of the world's endangered species, and is considered the largest threat to the very survival of the great apes.
		Commercial bushmeat hunters who either follow the logging camps or live in villages nearby illegally slaughter forest animals in vast numbers to sustain the large logging crews employed by these companies.
		It is important to note that the bushmeat sold in urban markets is not bought and consumed out of necessity by hungry people.
	www.idausa.org /facts/bushmeat.html (1010 words)

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