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	Marine Corps Legacy Museum - Smedley D. Butler
		Less than a year later, serving under Major L.W.T. Waller, Butler was combating the Chinese I Ho Ch'uan, (Virtuous, Harmonious Fists) commonly known as the "Boxers." This group, attacking Chinese Christians and slaughtering missionaries, was embarked upon a pillaging and rioting spree with the plan of ousting Westerners from the Western enclaves.
		It was during this action that Butler was awarded one of the rarest of American decorations for valor, the Marine Corps Brevet Medal.
		By 1927 Butler was again in China and upon his completion of his tour there he returned to the States in 1929 as a Major General.
	www.mclm.com /tohonor/sbutler.html (1113 words)

	Obituary: Octavia E. Butler, 58, science fiction writer - Americas - International Herald Tribune
		Octavia E. Butler, an internationally acclaimed science fiction writer whose evocative, often troubling, novels explore far-reaching issues of race, sex, power and, ultimately, what it means to be human, died on Friday after a fall near her home in Lake Forest Park, Wash. She was 58.
		Butler's career, the news media made much of the fact that she was an African-American woman writing science fiction, traditionally a white male bastion.
		Butler's books were known for their controlled economy of language and for their strong, believable protagonists, many of them fl women.
	www.iht.com /articles/2006/03/03/america/web.obits.butler.php (875 words)

	The Butler Medal
		The Butler Medal, also know as the Army of the James Medal, was created by Butler to be given to African-American troops after their bravery and courage during the Battle of New Market Heights.
		Butler was known as a strong opponent of slavery and often recruited African-American troops for battle.
		Butler was an example of the courage and honor that carried with the medal he gave to his troops.
	www.washingtonch.k12.oh.us /mapsite/usctcw/studentpages/butlermedal/butler_medal.htm (1188 words)

	Business of War: General Smedley D. Butler
		Butler was known for his honesty and appreciation for the common man. In Butler's case, it was genuine.
		Butler was outspoken, unrefined, and had a distaste for the "intellectual" aspect of the military hierarchy.
		Butler believed that all U.S. foreign interventions were self-serving acts, which lined the pockets of the rich at the expense of the nations it victimized, sending young boys to do the dirty work, wearing American uniforms.
	coat.ncf.ca /our_magazine/links/53/butler-by_frazier.html (1927 words)

	Columbia News ::: Report on the latest Butler Medal recipients
		In addition, today's Butler Medals commemorate the former Columbia president for whom they were named.
		In his 1931 Nobel Peace Prize presentation, Nicholas Butler was lauded for his "tireless energy and a zeal almost without parallel." Today's medal recipients are judged to have enhanced the vitality of university life through a similar passion and commitment.
		Butler biographer Michael Rosenthal was a guest of honor at the presentation.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/news/06/01/butler_medal.html (391 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / BUTLER the BEAST?
		Butler was not given equal statuary space because, it was felt, he was too well remembered in the flesh—and as a thorn in the flesh—to warrant a reminder in bronze.
		Benjamin Franklin Butler was a sixthgeneration New Englander, born in 1818 in Deerfield Parade, New Hampshire.
		Butler wired Cameron, “You have called for a brigade of Massachusetts troops; why not call for a brigadier general and staff?” Butler also knew that the state treasury lacked the money to mobilize and transport the troops; he influenced a number of Boston banks to advance the funds—on condition that he lead the brigade.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1968/3/1968_3_48.shtml (6894 words)

	Butler University :: The Official Athletics Site
		The Butler men's basketball, women's basketball and volleyball teams plays their home matches in historic Hinkle Fieldhouse, which is located on Butler's campus, northeast of the residence halls and main portion of campus.
		The original construction of Butler Fieldhouse was part of a massive project designed to give Butler one of the finest athletic plants in the nation.
		Butler's association with the IHSAA continued from 1928 to 1971, with a brief interruption during the war years, 1943-45.
	butlersports.cstv.com /trads/butl-hinkle.html (419 words)

	Butler Medal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The medal was created under the authority of Major General Benjamin Butler and was intended recognized meritorious or heroic acts of bravery performed by African American soldiers fighting for the United States of America in the American Civil War.
		By 1865, the Butler Medal had been presented to nearly two hundred African American Union soldiers, all of whom were serving in the Army of the James.
		In the modern military, the Butler Medal is considered obsolete but is recognized as an official decoration of the United States Armed Forces and one of the oldest military awards of the United States Army.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Butler_Medal (214 words)

	Double Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient Major General Smedley Darlington Butler
		Major General Smedley Darlington Butler, one of the most colorful officers in the Marine Corps' long history, was one of the two Marines who received two Medals of Honor for separate acts of outstanding heroism.
		In April 1899, Lieutenant Butler was assigned to duty with the Marine Battalion at Manila, Philippine Islands.
		His father was Thomas S. Butler, for over thirty years a Representative in Congress from the Delaware-Chester County district of Pennsylvania, and a longtime chairman of the House Naval Affairs Committee.
	www.medalofhonor.com /SmedleyButler.htm (940 words)

	The 1930s: Nazis Parading on Mainstreet:The Plot To Remove Roosevelt.
		Butler was overtly opposed to fascism and had spoken out denouncing Mussolini as a murderer and thug in 1931.
		Butler had spoken words of encouragement to the Bonus Marchers and was relentless in his pursuit for better treatment of American veterans.
		Butler was suspicious both MacGuire and Doyle were dressed in fancy tailored suits and they had pulled into his driveway with a chauffeured limousine.
	www.spiritone.com /~gdy52150/1930s.html (4309 words)

	Smedley D. Butler Citation: Congressional Medal of Honor Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Butler was eminent and conspicuous in command of his battalion.
		Reaching the fort on the southern side where there was a small opening in the wall, Maj. Butler gave the signal to attack and marines from the 15th Company poured through the breach, engaged the Cacos in hand-to-hand combat, took the bastion and crushed the Caco resistance.
		Throughout this perilous action, Maj. Butler was conspicuous for his bravery and forceful leadership.
	www.cmohs.org /medal/history_links/s_butler.htm (238 words)

	Butler medal
		The Butler Medal, officially known as the Army of the James Medal, was named for General Benjamin F. Butler, who commissioned a medal to honor African American troops in his command for gallantry during the Battle of Newmarket Heights on September 29, 1864.
		The medal is silver, inscribed on the obverse with “Ferro Ilis Libertas Perveniet” and on the reverse with “Distinguished Courage Campaign Before Richmond 1864.”; This particular medal is blank, having no engraving along the rim identifying the recipient, his company, and regiment.
		The Butler Medal holds the distinction of being the only medal ever struck for fl troops.
	www.civilwar.si.edu /soldiering_butler_medal.html (130 words)

	Butler
		Smedley D. Butler was born in West Chester, Pa., 30 July 1881 and was appointed a Lieutenant in the Marine Corps in 1898.
		Butler was engaged in convoy work and overhaul until 5 May 1944 at which time she stood out for the Normandy invasion (6 June-15 July).
		Butler received the Navy Unit Commendation for her service in the Okinawa operation and four battle stars for her World War II service.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/b11/butler-i.htm (560 words)

	Where Is Smedley When We Need Him? by Butler Shaffer
		Samuel Butler’s satirical political views along with his interest in a collective unconscious; the poetry of William Butler Yeats; and the Realpolitick of Smedley Butler, provide a few examples.
		Smedley Butler is a name with which you may not be familiar, even though he twice won the Congressional Medal of Honor.
		Most Americans are uncomfortable contemplating that war is, and always has been, a system by which a few are able to direct the coercive machinery of the state to serve their economic interests, always at the expense of the many.
	www.lewrockwell.com /shaffer/shaffer42.html (1570 words)

	Artistic revolution: Butler Institute embraces the future with Beecher Center
		YOUNGSTOWN -- The Butler Institute of American Art, long a repository of American painting, now embraces the 21st century with its new Beecher Center for Art & Technology, a $4.25 million three-story wing in contemporary design on the south side of the Butler's white marble Neoclassic temple.
		The Butler's archives include hundreds of videotapes in which Zona and others have interviewed many of the outstanding artists and critics who have visited the Butler as jurors or lecturers.
		The Butler, at 524 Wick Ave., is easily reached by the Pennsylvania and Ohio turnpikes.
	www.post-gazette.com /magazine/20000126butler1.asp (1138 words)

	The Myth Of The 'ONE ONLY' Medal Of Honor Award!
		Regarding General Butler, it is noted that he was nominated for a MOH on 13 July 1900, at Tientsin, China--this was disapproved as Naval regulations did not permit the award of a MOH to officers until 1916, and he was given a brevet pronotion.
		The Medal of Honor is often erroneously referred to as the Congressional Medal of Honor.
		According to several sources, the reason for the reference to the award as the Congressional Medal of Honor is because it is presented by a senior official, usually the President of the United States, in the name of the Congress of the United States.
	www.angelfire.com /ca4/gunnyg/mohmyth.html (1916 words)

	Smedley Butler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Butler came forward in 1934 and informed Congress that a group of wealthy industrialists had plotted a military coup to overthrow the government of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
		Butler was educated at the West Chester Friends Graded High School and later at The Haverford School, an elite secondary school for sons of upper-class Quaker families near Philadelphia.
		Smedley Butler died at Naval Hospital, Philadelphia, June 21, 1940.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Smedley_Butler (2642 words)

	United States Colored Troops
		Butler's Army of the James was divided into two wings for the advance on Richmond.
		The medal is sometimes called the Butler Medal because General Butler designed and paid for these medals himself after witnessing the performance of the colored troops during the "Campaign before Richmond" which included the battle of Chaffin's farm.
		According to Butler's plan, the left wing was to cross the James River at Aiken's Landing, then march up the Varina Road and drive the enemy from their camp at Chaffin's Farm.
	filebox.vt.edu /users/dapalmer/usct3.html (939 words)

	Item 110
		Butler was also involved with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, serving as its president from 1925 to 1945.
		Nicholas Murray Butler, as Robert A. McCaughey has stated in his 250th anniversary history Stand Columbia, "was the dominant personality in Columbia University's history in the first half of the twentieth century," serving as President from 1902 until 1945.
		Even though, according to then university archivist Milton Halsey Thomas, Butler spent the last two years of his life directing the selected pruning of his papers for posterity, they still amount to 600 boxes of material and 315 volumes of newspaper clippings.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/lweb/eresources/exhibitions/treasures/html/110.html (177 words)

	John Butler
		Butler, J.M., Wilson, M.R., Reeder, D.J. (1998) Rapid mitochondrial DNA typing using restriction enzyme digestion of PCR amplicons followed by capillary electrophoresis separation with laser-induced fluorescence detection.
		Kline, M.C., Duewer, D.L., Redman, J.W., Butler, J.M., Boyer, D.A. Polymerse chain reaction amplification of DNA from aged blood stains: quantitative evaluation of the “suitability for purpose” of four filter papers as archival media.
		Butler, J.M. and Schoske, R. population data for the multi-copy Y-STR locus DYS464.
	www.cstl.nist.gov /biotech/strbase/butler.htm (2150 words)

	World War I Medal pair
		Medals awarded for participation in the Persian Gulf War of 1990-1991.
		The British War Medal 1914-20 was issued to commemorate the successful conclusion of the war and awarded to those who had served in a theatre of war up to and including the official end of the war in 1920.
		The Victory Medal 1914-19 was issued in commemoration of the Allied victory, mostly to those who served on the establishment of a unit in a theatre of war between 5 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 (with some exceptions for later service).
	www.marksmedals.com /british_empire_files/ww1_pair.html (178 words)

	U.S. Army Regulations Illustration: Link 184 Kearny Cross
		The medal was manufactured by the firm of Ball, Black and Company of New York City and about 317 of them were distributed to officers of the division.
		The Kearny medal was only given to officers and David Bell Birney, who succeeded Kearny in command of the division, believed that worthy enlisted men also required recognition.
		The medal was designed and the dies cut by Peter Jacobus of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and his name appears as "Jacobus, Phila." in small letters on the reverse (not visible on our example).
	members.tripod.com /howardlanham/linkgr4/link184.html (439 words)

	Biographies : GENERAL GEORGE LEE BUTLER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		General Butler was born in 1939 at Fort Benning, Ga., and graduated in 1957 from Washington-Lee High School, Arlington, Va. He earned a bachelor of science degree from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1961 and a master's degree in international affairs from the University of Paris in 1967.
		In July 1971 General Butler was assigned as special assistant to the director, Office of Emergency Preparedness, Executive Office of the President, Washington, D.C. He again returned to the academy in January 1972, as an assistant professor in the political science department.
		From March 1981 to June 1983 General Butler was assigned as vice commander of the 320th Bombardment Wing (Heavy), Mather Air Force Base, Calif., and then as wing commander.
	www.af.mil /bios/bio.asp?bioID=4877 (763 words)

	Authors: Octavia E. Butler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		ctavia E. Butler was the first fl woman to come to international prominence as a science fiction writer.
		Butler was a towering figure in life and in her art and the world noticed; highly acclaimed by reviewers, she received numerous awards, including a MacArthur "genius" grant, both the Hugo and Nebula awards, the Langston Hughes Medal, as well as a PEN Lifetime Achievement award.
		Octavia E. Butler once wrote: I'm a 53-year-old writer who can remember being a 10-year-old writer and who expects someday to be an 80-year-old writer.
	www.twbookmark.com /authors/85/184/index.html (286 words)

	Smedley Butler on Interventionism : SF Indymedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Citation: For distinguished conduct in battle, engagement of Vera Cruz, 22 April 1914.
		Citation: As Commanding Officer of detachments from the 5th, 13th, 23d Companies and the marine and sailor detachment from the U.S.S. Connecticut, Maj. Butler led the attack on Fort Riviere, Haiti, 17 November 1915.
		Unless otherwise stated by the author, all content is free for non-commercial reuse, reprint, and rebroadcast, on the net and elsewhere.
	sf.indymedia.org /mail.php?id=111642 (758 words)

	USCT Medal of Honor Recipients at New Market Heights
		By order of General Butler, Holland was promoted to Captain, but because of his color was refused the commission by the War Department.
		While he is listed as a private in the medal of honor records, he was promoted to the rank of Sergeant on November 12, 1863.
		His medal of Honor was personally pinned on his chest by Major General Benjamin Butler.
	www.medalofhonor.com /NewMarketHeights.htm (2281 words)

	Philip Kearney - History Celebrities
		The Kearney Medal was made of gold, in the design fashioned after the Maltese Cross, imposed with a circle containing the words Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, and the word Kearney on a disk in the center, suspended from a ribbon.
		Other medals for valor that came about during the war for the Union were the Fort Sumter and Fort Pickens Medals, the Butler medal for colored troops, the Gillmore Medal and the XVII Corps Medal.
		In lieu of medals, the Confederate Congress passed an act in October 1862, providing that a Roll of Honor be published after each battle.
	www.aboutfamouspeople.com /article1029.html (803 words)

	Lanee Butler
		Ultimately, both sat out the final race of the series when their gold and silver medal positions were mathematically secured, Butler with 10 points to Alie's 13.
		Butler stands alone as the only two-time winner ('94, '91) of the Tudor Boardsailor of the Year Award.
		Also in 1994, Butler made headlines as the first boardsailor ever to compete in the 125-mile Newport (Calif.) to Ensenada (Mexico) Race, a distance event primarily contested by offshore racing boats of 24 feet and longer.
	www.ussailing.org /olympics/OlympicTrials/2000/lanee.htm (625 words)

	Medal of Honor, Christian A. Fleetwood
		He accompanied Benjamin Butler's expedition against Fort Fisher and was present when General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered at Goldsboro, North Carolina.
		At the Battle of Chapin’s Farm, Virginia, July 1864, Fleetwood valiantly defended the American flag and was awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism.
		In 1948, his daughter Edith donated his medal to the National Museum, making him the first African American veteran to be honored by the Smithsonian.
	www.civilwar.si.edu /soldiering_medal_of_honor.html (119 words)

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