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	Butyrka prison - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Butyrka prison (Russian: Бутырская тюрьма, Butyrka Бутырка is a colloquial term) was the central transit prison in pre-revolutionary Russia, located in Moscow.
		The actual building of the Butyrka prison was erected in 1879 near the Butyrsky outpost (Бутырская застава, or Butyrskaya zastava) on the spot of a prison fortress, built by an architect Matvei Kazakov during the reign of Catherine the Great.
		During the February Revolution, the workers of Moscow freed all the political prisoners from the Butyrka.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Butyrka_prison (412 words)

	Wikipedia: Prison
		The argument for privatization stresses cost reduction, whereas the arguments against it focus on standards of care, and the question of whether a market economy for prisons might not also lead to a market demand for prisoners (that is, a strong lobby for ever-tougher sentencing to satisfy the need for cheap labor).
		Prisons may outsource medical care to private companies such as Correctional Medical Services, which, according to Hylton's research, try to minimize the amount of care given to prisoners in order to maximize profits.
		Prisons may specialize exclusively in male or in female prisoners, or have separate departments for each sex.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/p/pr/prison.html (526 words)

	WOMEN IN SIZOs
		The conditions in the Moscow pre-trial detention prison Butyrka can be better described in the words of one woman who was sentenced to 6 years of imprisonment for traffic accident resulted in the death of an old man of 75.
		Butyrka as you may know is the oldest and notorious prison symbolizing all the horror of imprisonment in Russia.
		When prisoners are let out of their cells for daily exercise or for a shower, they are always guarded by staff equipped with clubs and sometimes dogs.
	www.prison.org /English/rpovcw.htm (1293 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Ray of hope enters Russian prisons
		Butyrka was built in the 18th Century during the reign of Catherine the Great and remains to this day one of the most notorious prisons in Russia.
		The number of pre-trial prisoners was reduced last year by 70,000 to 190,000 and new legislation limits the amount of time an inmate may be held in a SIZO without a hearing to six months.
		Russian prison officers make regular visits to prison training centres in UK and are coming away with a new perception of their role - although they're not entirely impressed by the decrepitude of many of Britain's own prisons.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/2960576.stm (1344 words)

	Lubyanka prison - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Lubyanka (Russian: Лубянка) was one of the most infamous NKVD prisons in the Soviet Union.
		Located in Moscow on Lubyanka Square (formerly called Dzerzhinsky Square, after former NKVD chief and Cheka founder Felix Dzerzhinsky; the original name was restored in 1991) the Lubyanka also served as the headquarters of the KGB.
		The prison figures prominently in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's classic study of the Soviet police state, The Gulag Archipelago.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lubyanka_prison (187 words)

	Butyrka prison
		Butyrka prison is a prison in Moscow built in an 18th century fortress.
		Among its inmates have numbered the influential revolutionary poet Vladimir Mayakovsky; the founder of the KGB Felix Dzerzhinsky (who was one of the few individuals to stage a successful escape from the prison); and the writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bu/Butyrka_prison.html (71 words)

	¥182/04/News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		MOSCOW - Overcrowding and disease in Russia's prisons has sunk to catastrophic depths as a result of a 30 percent increase in Russia's prison population over the last two years, according to a report released by a newly formed Russian prisoners' rights group at a press conference Wednesday.
		According to committee research, over 2,000 prisoners died of tuberculosis in 1995, and that number is expected to rise some 30 percent in 1996.
		Butyrka ex-convicts describe towels which move when hung on the wall because they are so infested with insects, and unbearable heat in unventilated rooms which reaches up to 50 degrees in summer.
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/spbweb/times/181-182/report.html (551 words)

	AEGiS-SC: Russian inmates endure 'torturous' conditions: But billionaires are still allowed some privileges in detention
		A prison official refused to comment on the allegations and, when asked to allow a reporter into the facility, he snapped: "This isn't a tour agency," and slammed down the phone.
		Health groups estimate that 10 percent of Russia's prison population of 873,000 suffer from tuberculosis, including a dangerous strain of drug-resistant TB that spreads easily in the country's dirty and overcrowded detention centers.
		Prison authorities stopped allowing relatives to send medications to inmates as part of an attempt to battle the widespread use of drugs, which has exacerbated the proliferation of diseases in jail.
	www.aegis.com /news/sc/2003/SC031101.html (1226 words)

	Translation services, translation jobs, and freelance translators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The new chief of Butyrka is colonel Vladimir Stupin.
		A *prison* is a place in which people are confined and deprived of a range of liberties.
		Prisons conventionally are institutions authorised by governments and forming part of a country's criminal justice system, or as facilities for holding prisoners of war.
	www.proz.com /kudoz/852661?float=1 (633 words)

	Sunday Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Butyrka was built in the 18th century during the reignÊofÊCatherineÊtheÊGreatÊand remains to this day one of the most notorious prisons in Russia.
		The number of pre-trial prisoners was reduced last year by seventy thousand to 190,000 and new legislation limits the amount of time an inmate may be held in a Sizo without a hearing to six months.
		Russian prison officers make regular visits to prison training centres in the UK and are coming away with a new perception of their role Ð although they're not entirely impressed by the decrepitude of many of Britain's prisons.
	www.sundayherald.com /print34074 (1230 words)

	Einor Lipper's Eleven Years in Soviet Prison Camps
		The prisoners are eternally suspicious of one another, for there is at least one person in each cell who informs the authorities of everything her fellow prisoners say.
		Prisoners who are subjected to specially strict interrogations (in other words, physical abuse) are generally kept in Lubyanka or Lifortovo prisons, or in the special section (osoby korpus) of Butyrka, where they occupy single or double cells.
		Her eyes filled with the sadness and the resignation of the prisoner, she moved her feet with magical lightness and performed lovely figures and pirouettes on the rough boards of the cell.
	www.parsec-santa.com /words/ElevenSoviet.html (6764 words)

	Prison: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Prison
		A prison or penitentiary or jail (in British English, sometimes spelt gaol) is a building or system used to hold persons convicted of crimes.
		Their lobbying arm is ALEC which advocates legislation favorable to the industry.
		The practice of undergoing punishment via a prison sentence, is colloquially expressed as: "doin' time".
	www.encyclopedian.com /pr/Prison.html (141 words)

	The St. Petersburg Times - Top Stories - Countrywide Search for Escapees Yields Nothing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		MOSCOW - A countrywide search for three prisoners who escaped from the infamous Butyrka prison last week has yielded no results, although one of them was reportedly spotted in the northern part of the Moscow region.
		Butyrka, built under Catherine the Great in the 18th century, has a reputation for dire conditions.
		After tunneling down some 1.5 meters into a basement, the prisoners "moved, presumably in the dark, along the tunnel until they reached the sewage pipe, which led them on to the surface outside the prison," Mikhailov said.
	www.sptimes.ru /story/5328 (479 words)

	Who Content
		May 1979: At Lubianka Prison on a visit to her husband, Eugenia Kaplan was told by the KGB colonel in charge that her husband was accused of anti-Soviet propaganda in Israel.
		Prisoners such as Gustav Richter, who like Raoul Wallenberg, had diplomatic standing, were incarcerated for lengthy periods of time without an official court trial or sentence.
		Heafner felt that there were many similarities between the prison photograph and the picture of Raoul Wallenberg at 31 years of age, the quality of the prison photograph made it impossible for the identification to be conclusive.
	www.raoulwallenberg.org /who/stone.html (7702 words)

	Ford Foundation Report
		Butyrka holds those awaiting trial, and 20 years ago Abramkin waited here on charges of "slanderous fabrications to discredit the Soviet system"-that is, writing dissident newspaper articles.
		Butyrka's main renovation since 1771: Soviet gutting of its central church for conversion into a factory (now defunct because of the weak economy) and the accompanying willful destruction of its once-beautiful dome.
		The Moscow Center for Prison Reform (M.C.P.R.) was one of the first to receive funding; the group received support for its work with the government and the public to reduce numbers in pretrial detention or those sentenced to incarceration.
	www.fordfound.org /publications/ff_report/view_ff_report_detail.cfm?report_index=291&print_version=1 (3904 words)

	Butyrka prison: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The first references to the Butyrka prison may be traced back to the 17th century (17th century: (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries)...
		During the February Revolution, the workers of Moscow freed all the political prisoner (political prisoner: Someone who is imprisoned because of their political views) s from the Butyrka.
		After the October Revolution Butyrka remained a place of internment for political prisoners and a transfer camp for people sentenced to be sent to Gulag (Gulag: A Russian prison camp for political prisoners).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/butyrka_prison (528 words)

	The Moscow News
		Investigation into the jailbreak by three Butyrka inmates is over, and the case will now go to court which is to start hearings shortly.
		It was the negligence of Butyrka guards that prompted the criminals to plan an escape by digging a tunnel.
		Putting on the uniforms, two of them walked about the prison courtyard for nearly half an hour, looking for escape routes and were spotted by the sentry on the watchtower.
	english.mn.ru /english/issue.php?2002-11-15 (886 words)

	Pravda.RU Prisoners dug up their cell’s bottom with spoons. Some new details of their escape from “Butyrka” ...
		The fact, that their activities were not noticed by the prison’s workers, could be explained with special rules which exist in criminal world and to which prison’s workers are accustomed.
		Through underground communications, he prisoners reached the orphanage which is situated not far from the prison and got to the city.
		It must be remembered, that the three prisoners sentenced to death made a hole in their cell’s bottom and escaped.
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2001/09/07/14484.html (2275 words)

	Russia, Prisons, Society and Culture
		The first is a statistical analysis based on more than 50 interviews with prison inmates, and an overview of the penal systems of Russia, Kazakhstan and France.
		For one thing, the prison reforms built on positive aspects of the existing system, rather than trying to start from scratch.
		One result of this approach was the increased use of informal supervisors, called smotryashchiye, or watchers, drawn from the prison population.
	www.cdi.org /russia/johnson/5563-11.cfm (557 words)

	List of prisons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This page provides a list of Prisons by country.
		Spandau Prison, Berlin (demolished; had only one prisoner during its final 11 years))
		List of Soviet Union prison sites that detained Poles, repressed before and after the WWII.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_prisons.html (91 words)

	Learn more about Prison in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Learn more about Prison in the online encyclopedia.
		Synonyms of "prison" include "hoosegow", "clink" and "lockup".
		See also: private prisons, United Kingdom prison population, penal colony
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/pr/prison.html (560 words)

	Home Fresh : Article 'Butyrka prison' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Butyrka prison (Бутырская тюрьма in Russian) was the central transit prison in pre-revolutionary Russia, located in Moscow.
		The family tree of dinosaurs may have to be revised, following the discovery that some were able to adjust their growth rates according to the environment.
		It's been a lifetime since Joyce Levin's father was shot by Nazis as their family fled a forest hideout more than 60 years ago, but yesterday the memories rose to the surface.
	www.home-fresh.net /DisplayArticleFull165292.html (613 words)

	The Legacy Project: Visual Arts Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1973, while applying for a visa to emigrate to Israel, Lamm was arrested and sentenced to three years of imprisonment, two in Moscow's Butyrka Prison and one in a labor camp.
		This painting depicts the identical, tiny box-like compartments where prisoners were held before being taken to court.
		He said, "The paradox was that the geometry utilized by the Suprematists, and standing for the symbol of freedom against the backdrop of Socialist realism, acquired an ambivalent meaning for me in the design of a prison interior." The square, a form popular with the Suprematists, came to be a symbol of Lamm's imprisonment.
	www.legacy-project.org /arts/display.html?ID=767 (171 words)

	Globetrotting Behind Bars \| Europe \| Deutsche Welle \| 22.05.2005
		For the past 20 years, the Belgian has been interested in the fate of prisoners, who are often forgotten by the rest of society.
		Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Inmates in a privately-run prison in Nevada"You can tell the level of democracy that exists in a country by the way prisoners are dealt with," he said, adding that democracies don't always treat their prisoners more humanely.
		Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Prisoners in a cell at Moscow's 18th-century Butyrka prison "The thing that hit me most was the extreme sense of abandonment felt by these people," he said.
	www.dw-world.de /popups/popup_printcontent/0,,1586437,00.html (697 words)

	Prison - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		right A prison or penitentiary or jail (in British English, sometimes spelled gaol) comprises a building or system used to hold persons convicted of crimes.
		The large prison population in the US is thought to result primarily from high crime rates, long sentences, and a rigidly fought "War on Drugs".
		Observers generally regard prison conditions in the United States as problematic, with prisoner violence and rape wide-spread, and medical care for inmates inadequate.
	www.indexlistus.de /keyword/Jail.php (534 words)

	[www.worldcourts.com]
		Whilst the applicant was in prison Gazprom asked him to sign an agreement in return for which the applicant was told that all criminal charges against him would be dropped.
		On 22 December 2000 the applicant was released from prison in Spain on bail of USD 5,5 million and confined to house arrest in his villa in Sotogrande.
		Following proceedings in the Spanish courts, a judgment was given on 4 April 2001 in the applicant’s favour (by a majority of two to one) rejecting the request by the Russian authorities for the applicant’s extradition from Spain.
	www.worldcourts.com /echr/eng/decisions/2002.03.07_Gusinskiy_eng.htm (3423 words)

	Guardian \| Russia turns against irreverent oligarch
		The buff-coloured walls of the 18th-century fortress that is Moscow's notorious Butyrka prison have harboured many a celebrated inmate down the centuries.
		The overcrowding in the prison is such that the inmates take turns to sleep.
		And he is the only one to have ended up in the overcrowded squalor of the jail commissioned by Catherine the Great in 1771.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4029570-103681,00.html (736 words)

	An interview with Nathan Steinberger
		After spending two months in the Moscow prison Butyrka, Steinberger was sentenced without trial.
		The convicts of the camp, mainly political prisoners, were completely isolated.
		At least 80 percent of the prisoners never saw the inside of a courtroom.
	www.wsws.org /history/1997/apr1997/ns.shtml (3879 words)

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