
	Where results make sense

Topic: Buzz pollination

Related Topics

Buzz Aldrin

Buzz Lightyear of Star Command

Edwin Buzz Aldrin

Buzz Lightyear

Buzz Kulik

Buzz Buzz

Buzz TV series

Buzz neopet

Buzz McCoy

Buzz Hargrove

buzz word

buzz cut

In the News (Tue 22 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Pollination K-12 Background Information for Lesson Plans & Science Fair Projects
		Pollination is an important step in the reproduction of seed plants: the transfer of pollen grains (male gametes) to the plant carpel, the structure that contains the ovule (female gamete).
		The process of pollination requires pollinators as agents that carry or move the pollen grains from the anther to the receptive part of the carpel.
		Pollination management is a branch of horticulture that seeks to protect and enhance present pollinators and often involves the culture and addition of pollinators in monoculture situations, such as commercial fruit orchards.
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/botany/pollination.html (1454 words)

	GEARS Internet Classroom Topic: Buzzz pollination
		What you hear are the high-pitched intense buzzes produced by rapid fire contractions of their flight muscles, sonications which are transmitted inside the pollen-containing hollow anthers.
		Within the large number of flower types that exploit bees as "living buzzers" for pollination, all are related by having prominent pores at the anther tips through which pollen must pass to either feed bees or be transported to anther flower ensuring pollination and subsequent fruit and seed set.
		Until a few years ago the pollination of all the greenhouse tomatoes grown in Europe was performed by expensive labor using human workers and electrical vibrators to hand pollinate the entire crop.
	gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov /ic/buzzpol/buzzpol.html (864 words)

	Buzz pollination - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sonication or buzz pollination is a technique used by some bees to release pollen which is more or less firmly held by the anthers, which makes pollination more efficient.
		The anther of buzz pollinated species of plants is typically tubular, with only an opening at one end, and the pollen is inside - smooth-grained and firmly attached.
		Traditionally pollination has been done by shaking using electric vibrators (one brand name was "Electric Bee"), however, it has been found to be less expensive in human labor and plant breakage to use imported colonies of bumblebees within the greenhouses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Buzz_pollination (298 words)

	What is pollination?
		Pollination is the delivery of pollen to the female organs of a plant (stamens in flowers).
		Pollination by insects is particularly important for Australian native trees and shrubs.
		Pollination happens when the pollen feeder transfers the pollen to the pollen receivers of the same plant, or another plant of the same species, as the insect looks for more pollen to eat.
	www.bugwise.net.au /action/pollination.htm (1483 words)

	The Birds and the Bees - Science News - Playfuls.com - Science & Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The goal of the NAPPC Symposium is to increase awareness of the vital role of pollinators and to provide evidence of the critical need for planning and research to prevent further destruction of pollinators.
		Two Morrison's bumble bees are paired with purple or chaparral nightshade (one of the bees is actively engaged in buzz pollination).
		Pollination, the transfer of pollen within flowers, or from one flower to another of the same species, is the basis for fruit and seed production.
	www.playfuls.com /news_002601_The_Birds_and_the_Bees.html (962 words)

	UGA Honey Bee Program - Pollination - Pollination Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Many valuable crops benefit from insect pollination; the transfer of pollen from the male parts of a flower to the female part of a flower.
		Among insect pollinators, bees are especially efficient because they eat pollen and nectar exclusively, visit many flowers of the same species during a single trip, and have hairy bodies which easily pick up pollen grains.
		Generally, growers are receiving less "free" pollination from wild bees and increasingly they must make up for this by renting managed honey bee hives during bloom periods.
	www.ent.uga.edu /bees/Pollination/Background.htm (434 words)

	Enhancing Alternative Pollinators
		Pollination guidelines for crops are generally based on honeybees and specify the appropriate numbers of hives required per acre to maximize yield.
		Replacing a single pollinator species with another single species which may not have pollination guidelines for your crop and that you have no experience with is probably asking for trouble.
		Bees are the most effective pollinators because they regularly visit many flowers of the same species for the express purpose of collecting pollen and nectar, which they feed to their young.
	faculty.pittstate.edu /~dgordon/altpol/altpolptext_frame.htm (3591 words)

	Wild Bee Conservation for Wild Blueberry Fields Wild Blueberry Bulletin No
		The bees are the most important pollinators in Maine and have special adaptations that make them very efficient at moving pollen from one flower to another resulting in pollination and plant reproduction.
		What make bees so efficient as pollinators is that they collect pollen from flowers to bring back to their nests as a food source to feed their young.
		After pollination (placement of pollen on the stigma) the fusion of the male germ cell (the pollen) with the female germ cell (the ovules) results in an embryo (the seed).
	wildblueberries.maine.edu /FactSheets/630.htm (6749 words)

	The Ecology of the Honey Bee
		Honeybees cannot use the buzz pollination (the vigorous vibration used by bumblebees) necessary to efficiently pollinate tomatoes, eggplants, potatoes, peppers, blueberries, watermelon, and cranberries.
		In addition to the threat from the honeybees, native pollinators are in decline due to habitat destruction and fragmentation, chemical farming, monocropping and insecticides, all of which only exacerbate the competition with honeybees (Sugden 156).
		They may buzz softly, but they pack a big ecological wallop when it comes to altering, perhaps forever, the potential mix of forages out there on the range, in the bush, in the outback or boonies (Buchmann and Nabham 182-3).
	www.vegetus.org /honey/ecology.htm (2231 words)

	The Economic Impacts of Pollinator Declines: An Approach to Assessing the Consequences Conservation Ecology v.5, i.1 ...
		Pollination was probably associated with festivals of spring and fertility in the region at the time of the Prophet Mohammed, who reportedly discouraged such festivals and only reluctantly recognized the need to hand-pollinate dates (Margoliouth 1905: 230, Fraser 1935: II: 25, V: 281).
		Artificial pollination with electric vibrators (Kerr and Kribs 1955) is a costly method that is no longer used, whereas buzz pollination (Buchmann 1983) by bumble bees produces superior fruit (Banda and Paxton 1991, Kevan et al.
		Pollination has been adversely affected, and growers have reported difficulties in obtaining services for crops such as blueberries in Maine, pome fruit in the northeastern United States and Canada, almonds in California, field cucumbers in the eastern United States and Canada, and hybrid seed production in western Canada.
	www.mindfully.org /Farm/Pollinator-Declines.htm (6540 words)

	Monograph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Pollination may be define as the transfer of pollen from one flower to another.
		Trees that are wind pollinated are conifers, pines, spruces, larches, firs, oaks, elms, hickories, cottonwoods, and birches.
		Pollination occurs as the fly or beetle walks around on the flowers and this process is also called "mess and soil" pollination.
	www.scsc.k12.ar.us /1999outwest/members/GannK/monograph.htm (641 words)

	NRDC: OnEarth Magazine, Summer 2006 - The Vanishing
		The native alkali bee, a solitary creature that digs its nest near seeps in the alkaline soil of western deserts, is a champion pollinator of alfalfa (alfalfa hay is a staple food for dairy cattle and other livestock).
		The plant's flowers are typical of legumes: The sexual parts are held under tension, and to gather pollen a bee must trigger their release, receiving a smack on the head in the process.
		But bumblebees are masters of buzz pollination -- a fact that farmers did not think to exploit until Roland de Jog, a Belgian medical doctor and bumblebee enthusiast, came up with the idea of placing his pet bees among a friend's tomatoes.
	www.nrdc.org /OnEarth/06sum/bees3.asp (1873 words)

	the buzz about POLLINATION
		The value of honey bee pollination to agriculture in the United States is estimated at $14.6 billion in increased yields and superior quality.
		The Buzz About Pollination is a fast-paced video about the importance of honey bees to agriculture.
		The Walter T. Kelley Company is offering The Buzz About Pollination in their 2004 catalog, currently available.
	www.tnbeekeepers.org /pollinationbuzz/index.htm (131 words)

	bumblebees
		I hoped the buzzing would be a case of 'buzz pollination' but there were no more buzzes and I was unable to confirm it.
		Buzz pollination is a trick that bumblebees use to collect pollen from tubular flowers.
		They perch over the flower and buzz their wings, faster than they do when flying, to make the anthers discharge a cloud of pollen which settles on the bumblebee's furry body.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /rwburton/naturenotes/bumblebee (254 words)

	The Economic Importance of Bumblebees
		Bees are responsible for pollinating plants that provide much of our food; in North America it is believed that 30% of food for human consumption originates from plants pollinated by bees.
		Honeybees are generally thought of as the most common pollinator, and they are the most widely studied, but bumblebees are the chief pollinators of red clover, alfalfa, and in some areas cotton, raspberries, apple and plum blossom.
		Bumblebees are also used to pollinate aubergines and peppers, cabbage and carrot for seeds, kiwi fruits, strawberries, courgettes, aubergines, sweet peppers, cranberries, blueberries and tomatoes for fruit.
	www.bumblebee.org /economic.htm (542 words)

	"Self Pollinating" Tomato Mythology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The best pollinator for tomatoes is the original, a bee which "sonicated" at the resonant frequency of the flower.
		Sonication, also called buzz pollination is when the bee vibrates its wing muscles but doesn't fly; it just hangs on.
		There are a couple problems: one is that the natural pollinator (a wild bee) didn't travel with the tomato as it was spread throughout the world.
	www.pollinator.com /self_pollinating_tomato.htm (544 words)

	Untitled Document
		Secondly, they have a special mode of pollination behavior called "buzz pollination" in that they vibrate their body in high frequency to shake the pollen loose from flowers.
		This behavior is more efficient and almost required for pollination in some crops such as eggplants, tomatoes (both solanaceous plants) and blueberries.
		The buzz pollination and homing ability makes them the ideal pollinator for greenhouse plants (mainly cucumbers and tomatoes).
	www.cyberbee.net /column/pollinator/bumblepoll.shtml (470 words)

	Why do bees buzz?
		This is a phenomenon of the wingbeats and not specifically of bees--some flies, beetles, and wasps also have buzzy flight caused by their wingbeats.
		As an aside, some flowers are adapted to pollination by pollinators capable of "buzz-pollination." Tomatoes, green peppers and blueberries all have tubular anthers with the pollen inside the tube.
		With three times as many workers, in tests on cherries and apples, pollination using Tripol had proven to be approximately 35 per cent higher than unaided pollination.
	www.beezaagar.com /bee-news/bee-keeping-news-0006.htm (982 words)

	Florida Entomologist, v. 83, n. 2, p. 180
		An experiment using pollinator exclusion bags revealed that the reduced foraging effort at individual flowers was resource-dependent and was not simply a time-dependent phenomenon.
		In addition, a pollinator exclusion experiment was conducted to assess whether, among young flowers, floral handling time varied between "virgin" vs. previously visited flowers.
		Visiting bees grasp the anther cone and rapidly contract their indirect flight muscles (thus producing an audible sound or buzz), which transfers vibrations to the anthers and expels pollen onto the bee.
	www.fcla.edu /FlaEnt/fe83p180.htm (3235 words)

	262 Source references to Pollination
		The role of resin in angiosperm pollination: ecological and chemical considerations.
		Function of visual and olfactory attractants in the pollination of Lysichiton americanum (Araceae) by a staphylinid beetle.
		Bruneau, A. Evolution and homology of bird pollination syndromes in Erythrina (Leguminosae).
	www.biology.vanderbilt.edu /BIO/262sourcespollination.html (588 words)

	Bumblebees Use Sonic Buzzes to Pollinate Plants. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Their fuzzy fl-and-yellow bodies, generally large size, and low rumbling buzz when in flight, are very difficult to miss.
		They buzzed inquisitively around my face for a few minutes before wandering off to pursue their pollen- and nectar-gathering activities for the day.
		This is also known as "buzz pollination." This method of pollination liberates pollen in a golden cloud that floats through the air.
	research.amnh.org /users/nyneve/bumblebees.html (463 words)

	Information & Facts
		The inspection and regulatory activities protected Iowa’s bee pollinators and the public from diseases, pests and Africanized “Killer” bees.
		Parasitic mites, hive beetles, Africanized “Killer” bees and diseases are transportable in shipments of bees brought to Iowa.
		The value of honey bee pollination is in the 10’s of millions of dollars in Iowa annually.
	www.abuzzaboutbees.com /IHPA/Information/ApiaryProgram.htm (344 words)

	Fruit Pollination
		In recent sampling of blueberry fields, we found that around 30 percent of bees were non-managed bees such as the Halictid and Andrenid bees shown in the pictures.
		While this may not be a high proportion, many native bees are highly efficient pollinators of blueberry (which is a native plant).
		Because of these factors, the overall influence of native bees may be greater than simply counting their numbers on bushes may suggest.
	www.ipm.msu.edu /catfruit/pollinationarticle7.htm (680 words)

	Tomato Pollination Graphics
		As tomatoes were carried to other areas, its pollinator did not go with it, and pollination was often lacking.
		The native pollinator is absent, and other bees that might possibly serve, are in short supply.
		The best possible motion to release this pollen is from a bee that "sonicates" Sonication is the vibration of the wing muscles without flight, causing the whole flower to vibrate, and a cloud of pollen to be released onto the bee's body and at the same time, onto the stigma.
	www.pollinator.com /tomato.htm (746 words)

	Crop Pollination with Native Bees
		Stingless bees have been shown to be valuable pollinators of crops such as macadamias, mangos, watermelons and lychees.
		Commercial pollination services with Australian stingless bees are already available and have produced impressive results particularly with macadamia and watermelon crops.
		Using native blue banded bees for greenhouse tomato pollination is a much better option than introducing European bumblebees for this purpose.
	www.zeta.org.au /~anbrc/croppollination.html (502 words)

	The Bombus Bee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thus bumblebees are ideal pollinators for protected crops and an important backup for outdoor crops during marginal seasons.
		Unlike the honeybee, the bumblebee is capable of vibrating the flower using the unique "buzz pollination" mechanism.
		Natural pollination is by far superior to any artificial or manual pollination, such as: the "electric bee", pulsed air or hormones.
	www.bio-bee.com /english/bombus/bombus.htm (500 words)

	Buzz Pollination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Buzz Pollination: Honeybees were introduced to Australia from Europe in the 1820’s.
		A recent book purchase has alerted us to another group of plants that are adapted to pollination by native insects to the exclusion of honeybees.
		Solanum cinereum is one Buzz Pollinated species that occurs naturally at Yallaroo.
	home.bluepin.net.au /yallaroo/Buzz_Pollination.htm (273 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)