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	The Treblinka Extermination Camp. Central Commission of the Investigation of German Crimes in Poland.
		The Extermination Camp at Treblinka in which hundreds of thousands of Jews were murdered is situated near the village of Wolka-Okraglik, in the commune of Kosow, district of Sokolow Podlaski, province (voivodship) of Warsaw.
		At a short distance, along the north-western and northern boundaries of the camp, the road from Kosow to Malkinia and the railway from Siedlce to Malkinia run parallel, but owing to the undulating, wooded character of the region, the grounds of the camp are invisible alike from the road and from the railway.
		Near the south-western edge of the camp a branch line runs to a gravel pit and was continued to the camp itself.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /genocide/gcpoltreb1.htm (3156 words)

	Bydgoszcz - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Bydgoszcz (Polish pronunciation: Template:IPAudio, Template:Lang-de (Template:Audio), Latin: Bydgostia) is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers, with a population of 369,151 (2004).
		Together with Toruń it has been the capital of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship since 1999, and was previously the capital of the Bydgoszcz Voivodship (1947-1998) and before that, of the Pomeranian Voivodship (1945-1947).
		Bydgoszcz was occupied by the Teutonic Knights from 1331-1337, and was recovered by King Kazimierz III the Great, who granted the city municipal rights on 19 April 1346.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Bydgoszcz (621 words)

	war and social upheaval: World War II campaigns -- Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The NAZIs aware that a large part of the German people did not want another world war, decided to stage a Polish attack that could be used to justify the invasion of Poland.
		The NAZIs demonstrated from the onset that they were going to conduct a new kind of war, unseen in Europe since the religious wars of the 17th century.
		The NAZIs and Soviets on September 29 sihn the German-Russia Treaty of Frontier and friendship at Moscow.
	histclo.com /essay/war/ww2/camp/eur/w2we-pol.html (3230 words)

	Holocaust Lexicon
		Although the term is vulgarly used for negationism, Holocaust denial is the psychological or political difficulty of admitting the scope or enormity of the Nazi genocide.
		encompassing the extermination camps Belzec, Sobibór, and Treblinka.
		Literally, "annihilation camp." There were six: Auschwitz-Birkenau, Chelmno (near Lodz, it began functioning on December 8, 1941), Belzec (near Lublin, it became operational in February 1942), Sobibór (construction on which began in March 1942), and the labor camps Majdanek and Treblinka, which were transformed into killing centers in the first half of 1942.
	www-english.tamu.edu /pers/fac/myers/holocaust_lexicon.html (2201 words)

	Acidophilus notes \| 17:24 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Bydgoszcz followed the history of Greater Poland until 1772, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in the First Partition of Poland and incorporated into the Netze District and, later, West Prussia.
		A deportation camp was situated in Smukała village, now part of Bydgoszcz.
		In 1981 Solidarity's activists were violently suppressed in Bydgoszcz.
	www.acidophiluseffects.com /notes/?title=Bydgoszcz (797 words)

	Nuns Who Saved Polish Jews
		Nazi Germany attacked her Sept. 1; Soviet Russia followed on Sept. 17.
		Nazi Germany seized the rest of Poland, dividing its lands into two parts.
		In those areas which the Nazis and Soviets annexed directly the occupiers had two goals: the permanent acquisition of those territories and the elimination of any local leadership and intelligentsia including (except in Silesia) the clergy.
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/history/world/wh0040.html (1092 words)

	Bydgoszcz
		Bydgoszcz is a part of the metroplex Bydgoszcz-Torun with Torun, only 30 km away, and over 700,000 inhabitants.
		Bydgoszcz was occupied by the Teutonic Knights in years 1331-1337, recovered by the king Casimir the Great, who granted the municipal rights in 1346/1349.
		Bydgoszcz followed the history of Greater Poland until 1772, when it was annexed by Prussia.
	www.governpub.com /Capitals-B/Bydgoszcz.php (738 words)

	NAZI plans for the occupied East World War II -- Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The central area of Poland, west of the River Bug and the Soviet occupied zone and to the north of the NAZI protecorate of Slovakia was the Government General--all that remained of pre-War Poland.
		NAZI Germany annexed Western Poland to the Reich and the NAZIs began the process of forcibly expelling Poles to the Government General.
		Gradually NAZI officals appear to have begun using the term for deportment of Jews from Western Europe to the death camps.
	histclo.com /essay/war/ww2/leb/east/east-pol.html (2841 words)

	Extermination of the Polish Jews in the Years 1939-1945. Part I
		The Nazi Germans began to carry out their programme for the destruction of the Jews as early as the first day after the outbreak of war; but it is not quite certain if the plan for the complete extermination of the Jews existed at that time.
		The first camps were organised at the end of 1939, and in them Jews, regardless of age, education or profession were forced to do heavy work of all kinds, such as cultivating the fields, or damming rivers, in excessively bad working conditions, and under Draconian discipline, with frequent corporal punishment.
		This was chiefly in the provinces of Poznania, Pomerania, and Silesia, and on the borders of East-Prussia (Bielsko, Wysokie Mazowieckie, Kalisz, Torun, Bydgoszcz, and Suwalki.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /genocide/gcpol5.htm (5648 words)

	Welcome Poland - Informations about Lublin in Poland.
		The remainder were moved to facilities around Majdanek, a large concentration camp established at the outskirts of the city.
		The Majdanek camp, together with the prison established in the Lublin castle, also served as a major centre of terror measures aimed at the non-Jewish population of Lublin and the surrounding district.
		In 1944 the city was "liberated" (this definition is open to interpretation) by the Soviet Army and became the first postwar Polish capital, with a Soviet-sponsored Polish Committee of National Liberation (PKWN in Polish) established in the city.
	www.welcomepoland.com /lublin (1032 words)

	Holocaust
		This camp is located in the Lublin area near the Russian border and was the location of the killing of over half a million Jews.
		The incredible and forgotten fact about this camp is that also there, under impossible conditions, the prisoners organized an underground and resisted the Nazis in the final liquidation of the camp.
		All traces of the camp were eradicated by the Nazis after the attempted escape.
	www.jewishwebindex.com /holcaust.htm (7195 words)

	STATISTICS OF POLAND'S GENOCIDE AND MASS MURDER: ADDENDA
		Even before the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, in the annexed territory of Poland the Soviets carried out the same kind of extermination and deportation campaign they applied to all countries the Red Army occupied in Eastern Europe during or after the war.
		Some 4,254 of these were uncovered in mass graves in Katyn Forest by the Nazis in 1941, who then invited an international group of neutral representatives and doctors to study the corpses and confirm Soviet guilt.
		Note, for example, that of the 8,064 Germans in Camp Lamsdorf in Upper Silesia, 6,488 (including 628 children) died from starvation, disease, hard labor, and physical maltreatment.
	www.hawaii.edu /powerkills/SOD.CHAP7.ADDENDA.HTM (6228 words)

	Mieczyslaw Sylwester Garsztka [Archive] - The Aerodrome Forum
		Mieczyslaw Sylwester Garsztka was born in Bydgoszcz (in German "Bromberg"), Polish town occupied by Germany between Napoleonic period till 1918.
		That was interpreted by Polish "self-defence" units as agressive action of the German population (which was unguilty and rather loyal to Poland) and caused brutal and spontaneous, but not organised repressions.
		Even Nazi Gauleiter (province governor) Forster himself in 1940 estimated number of Germans killed in Bromberg for about 1000, which still was an exageration.
	www.theaerodrome.com /forum/archive/index.php/t-22514.html (1071 words)

	Third Reich History: September 4
		Birth: Fritz Todt, German engineer and senior Nazi figure, the founder of Organization Todt.
		Nazi officials order all Rotary Club chapters in Germany dissolved.
		At Bydgoszcz, a thousand Poles are murdered, including several dozen Boy Scouts who are shot against a wall by German troops.
	members.tripod.com /dailytrh/0904.html (498 words)

	Warsaw Voice - From the Ashes of Sobibór
		It features 100 panels of photographs and historical documents, together with several visual art installations: an attic hiding place; the camp barracks; "the road to death;" the entrance to the gas chamber.
		The exhibition is co-organized with the Museum of the Former Nazi Extermination Camp in Sobibór, which is a branch of the Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Lake District Museum in Włodawa.
		SS-Sonderkommando Sobibor was a Nazi extermination camp that operated within Einsatz Reinhard in 1942-43.
	www.warsawvoice.pl /view/11890 (349 words)

	POPE PAYS TRIBUTE TO NAZI, COMMUNIST VICTIMS
		Pope John Paul yesterday paid tribute to Christians killed during the Nazi and Communist eras, saying Polish soil had been sown with the blood of many ''unknown soldiers'' killed for their faith.
		The Pope told a crowd of hundreds of thousands at a mass in the northwestern city Bydgoszcz on the third day of his trip home that they should never forget those who died to defend the Roman Catholic church.
		The 79-year-old Pope reminded the crowd how Nazi Germans had publicly executed Bydgoszcz's defenders after they captured the city in the opening days of World War Two.
	www.cathnews.com /news/906/43.html (149 words)

	Hungarian Is Faced With Evidence of Role in ’42 Atrocity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The remaining prisoners were interned in the camp on the basis of the “August” decree of 31 August 1944 on “Fascist-Nazi criminals and traitors to the Polish Nation” and the law of 6 May 1945 on the exclusion of hostile elements from Polish society.
		The camp authorities agreed to the presence of children in the camp, though they must have realised the conditions under which the children were going to live and the dangers in store for them.
		Dokumenty, zeznania, relacje, listy [Labour Camp in Œwiêtoch³owice in 1945.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1711661/posts?page=89 (11129 words)

	Holocaust
		This camp is located in the Lublin area and was the location of the killing of over half a million Jews.
		It was the largest concentration camp that the Nazis built in Austria.
		The camp was opened in 1938 to house political prisoners originally, but more and more Jews were interned there.
	jewishwebindex.com /holocaust.htm (5050 words)

	Bydgoszcz (Nazi camp) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Bromberg-Ost.
		This article on Nazi Germany is a stub.
		Categories: Articles to be merged since October 2006
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bydgoszcz_(Nazi_camp) (93 words)

	Kidnaped & Deported: Catholic Holocaust Survivor
		Now, children were able to begin their education in schools in the camps.
		I taught school in a D.P. camp, organized scouting, helped the priest in the chapel, and worked in the office of the Polish Displaced Persons Camp.
		Among them, there are exhibits related to Poland: the German invasion of 1939; execution of Poles in Bydgoszcz and other places; there is an actual-size replica of a Polish border gate with the emblem of the White Eagle.
	www.holocaustforgotten.com /kidnaped.htm (1188 words)

	The Avalon Project : Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 6
		Before the Nazis seized political power in Germany and beginning in September 1932, Fritzsche was head of the Wireless News Service (Drahtloser Dienst), an agency of the Reich Government at that time under the Defendant Von Papen.
		In a conspiracy to commit fraud, -the gifted salesman of the conspiratorial group is quite as essential and quite as culpable as the master planners, even though he may not have contributed substantially to the formulation of all the basic strategy, but rather contributed to the artful execution of this strategy.
		Nazi Germany and its press went into the actual phase of war operations with Fritzsche at the head of the particular propaganda instrument controlling the German press and German news, whether by the press or by radio.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/imt/proc/01-23-46.htm (19480 words)

	Saving Jews: Polish Righteous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The priest was executed and Malicki was sent to the Treblinka camp, where his arms and legs were broken in order to extort from him more names of Jews who were being helped but he did not betray anyone and he died there.
		When in 1943 this camp was liquidated and the workers had been killed, Wolf managed to escape from it and came over to the Konarzewski family where he remained till the war's end.
		At the beginning Maria brought food to the ghetto and to the forced labor camp at Holowczynce, later she hid the Jews in her cellar.
	www.savingjews.org /righteous/kv.htm (18500 words)

	Why Auschwitz? Why Kolyma? Why Kosovo?
		She was ten years old when her whole family was sent to the Nazi camp in Potulice near Bydgoszcz.
		If the children did not hold their mugs perfectly straight when receiving their portions of "coffee," the uniformed woman serving it hit them over the head with a spoon while screaming in a furious, inhuman voice.
		It is for these people that the labor camps and the gas chambers are built, for whom the ghettos are established.
	www.3pytania.pl /english/letter12.html (1172 words)

	Poland
		Among the anti-Jewish pogroms and other incidents initiated by fractions of the Polish population that occurred during the Nazi occupation the most violent and tragic took place during the summer of 1941 after the Nazis had entered the eastern territories that were annexed by the Soviet Union in September 1939.
		On 6 March 1999, in anticipation of the government's adoption of a new law protecting the areas surrounding the death camps, almost 1,000 citizens of the city of Oswiecim demonstrated in front of the Auschwitz camp to protest the law's prohibition of commercial activity in areas around the former camps.
		The Former Nazi Extermination Camp Sites Protection Act, passed by the Sejm on 10 April 1999, gave the authorities the power to remove crosses from the gravel pit as well as to terminate the lease held by the SOW.
	www.axt.org.uk /antisem/archive/archive4/poland/poland.htm (15226 words)

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	bycicle-tools.swwbaseball.com /park-bicycle-tool.html (1198 words)

	Saving Jews: Polish Righteous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Millions of Jews and Poles were expelled from the Western provinces, which had been annexed to the Third Reich, a territory that included the site of the death camp Auschwitz, where approximately 80,000 Poles were killed.
		More than 500 towns and villages were burned, over 16 thousand persons, mostly Polish Christians, were killed in 714 mass executions of which 60% were carried out by the Wehrmacht (German army) and 40% by the SS and Gestapo.
		In Bydgoszcz the first victims were boy scouts from 12 to 16 years old, shot in the marketplace.
	www.savingjews.org (1605 words)

	Polish Music Newsletter, vol. 10, no. 5, May 2004
		Korczak's Orphans is based on the life of a visionary individual who not only endured the horrors of life in Nazi-occupied Poland, but emerged as a prescient figure in child-psychology while struggling to protect the orphans under his care.
		The Bydgoszcz Opera Festival [Bydgoszcz Festiwal Operowy] is a review of the most interesting operatic and ballet productions from domestic and foreign musical theatres, which this year will be presented on the new stage of the Opera Nova in Bydgoszcz.
		Information about the Bydgoszcz Opera Festival reprinted from the website of the Adam Mickiewicz Institute, www.culture.pl.
	www.usc.edu /dept/polish_music/news/may04.html (9005 words)

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