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	Samhan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the Samhan period, the three confederacies of Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan dominated the southern portion of the Korean peninsula.
		Byeonhan included 12 minor states, which later gave rise to the Gaya confederacy, subsequently absorbed by Silla.
		Samguk Sagi indicates that Mahan was located in the northern region later occupied by Goguryeo, Jinhan in the region later occupied by Silla, and Byeonhan in the southwestern region later occupied by Baekje.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Samhan (866 words)

	Byeonhan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Byeonhan (변한 / 弁韓), also known as Byeonjin (변진 / 弁辰) was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms existed from 1st century BC to 4thcentury in southern Korean peninsula.
		Byeonhan was counted asone of Samhan ("Three Hans") with Mahan and Jinhan.
		Byeonhan was known for the production of iron ; they exported iron to Japan and the rest of the Koreanpeninsula.
	www.therfcc.org /byeonhan-130024.html (166 words)

	Encyclopedia: Byeonhan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Byeonhan also known as Byeonjin (변진]]/弁辰]]) was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms that existed from the 1st century BC to the 4th century CE in the southern Korean peninsula.
		Byeonhan was counted as one of Samhan (or "Three Hans"), with Mahan and Jinhan.
		This may be associated with the decline of Byeonhan and the rise of the more centralized Gaya Confederacy, which most Byeonhan states joined.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Byeonhan (310 words)

	byeonhan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Byeonhan (변한/弁韓), also known as Byeonjin (변진/弁辰) was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms existed from 1st century BC to 4th century in southern Korean peninsula.
		According to Sanguoshi (Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms), Byeonhan was made of 12 states including Mirimidong (미리미동국/彌離彌凍國), Jeopdo (접도국/接塗國), Gojamidong (고자미동국/古資彌凍國), Gosunsi (고순시국/古淳是國), Banro (반로국/半路國), Akno (악노국/樂奴國), Gunmi (군미국/軍彌國), Mioyama (미오야마국/彌烏邪馬國), Ganro (감로국/甘路國), Guya (구야국/狗邪國), Jujoma (주조마국/走漕馬國), Anya (안야국/安邪國), and Dokro (독로국/瀆盧國).
		Byeonhan was known for the production of iron; they exported iron to Japan and the rest of the Korean peninsula.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /byeonhan.html (219 words)

	Gaya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On the basis of archeological sources as well as limited historical indications, scholars such as Cheol (2000) have identified the late third century AD as a period of transition from Byeonhan to Gaya.
		Situated around the mouth of the Nakdong River, an area with fertile plains, access to the sea, and rich iron deposits, Gaya had an economy based on agriculture and fishing as well as trade.
		Gaya exported abundant quantities of iron armor and weaponry to Baekje and the kingdom of Wa in Yamato period Japan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gaya (614 words)

	Read about Samhan at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Samhan and learn about Samhan here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Jinhan, and Byeonhan dominated the southern portion of the
		Goguryeo, Jinhan in the region later occupied by Silla, and Byeonhan in the southwestern region later occupied by Baekje.
		However, this view is contradicted by the earlier San guo zhi, as well as various other Korean sources, and is not widely held by historians today.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Samhan (946 words)

	Samhan - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Based on a passage in the Samguk Sagi, some historians have argued that Mahan was located in the northern region later occupied by Goguryeo, Jinhan in the region later occupied by Silla, and Byeonhan in the southwestern region later occupied by Baekje.
		Byeonhan included 12 minor states, which later gave rise to the Gaya confederacy.
		After the second century CE, as direct Chinese influence waned, iron ingots came into use as currency for the trade based around Jinhan and Byeonhan.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Samhan (889 words)

	Jinhan - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Most theories indicate that Jinhan was located in the area later occupied by the Silla kingdom: the Gyeongju Basin and adjacent East Sea coast.
		It would have been neighbored by the Byeonhan confederacy on the south, and by the much larger Mahan confederacy on the west.
		However, some scholars place Jinhan in the Han River valley, bounded by Mahan on the north and Byeonhan on the south.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Jinhan (293 words)

	Geumgwan Gaya biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is believed to have been located in modern-day Gimhae, South Gyeongsang, near the mouth of the Nakdong River.
		Aided by its strategic location, this kingdom played a dominant role in the regional affairs from the Byeonhan period forward.
		However, a sharp break in burial styles is found around the later 3rd century.
	geumgwan-gaya.biography.ms (219 words)

	History of Korea -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In the southern part of the peninsula, three different confederate of chiefdoms existed: (United States naval officer and historian (1840-1914)) Mahan, (additional info and facts about Jinhan) Jinhan, and (additional info and facts about Byeonhan) Byeonhan.
		Byeonhan became (additional info and facts about Gaya) Gaya.
		Some sources such as indicate that a fifth commandery named Bohai (渤海) (Korean: Balhae) was also established, not connected with the later (additional info and facts about Bohai) Bohai kingdom.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hi/history_of_korea.htm (3404 words)

	Geumgwan Gaya -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is believed to have been located in modern-day (additional info and facts about Gimhae) Gimhae, (additional info and facts about South Gyeongsang) South Gyeongsang, near the mouth of the (additional info and facts about Nakdong River) Nakdong River.
		Aided by its strategic location, this kingdom played a dominant role in the regional affairs from the (additional info and facts about Byeonhan) Byeonhan period forward.
		Royal tombs attributed to Geumgwan Gaya were unearthed in Daeseong-dong, (additional info and facts about Gimhae) Gimhae in the early (The decade from 1990 to 1999) 1990s.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/G/Ge/Geumgwan_Gaya.htm (363 words)

	History of Korea
		In the southern part of the peninsula, three different confederate of chiefdoms existed: Mahan, Jinhan and Byeonhan.
		According to Later Book of Han, Mahan contained 54 states, Jinhan and Byeonhan contained 14 each.
		Among those chiefdoms, Baekje arose in Mahan and Silla in Jinhan.
	pedia.newsfilter.co.uk /wikipedia/h/hi/history_of_korea.html (2513 words)

	Read about Gaya at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Gaya and learn about Gaya here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		However, on the basis of archeological sources as well as limited historical indications, scholars such as Cheol (2000) have identified the late
		third century AD as a period of transition from Byeonhan to Gaya.
		Nakdong River, an area with fertile plains, access to the sea, and rich iron deposits, Gaya had an economy based on agriculture and fishing as well as trade.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Gaya (518 words)

	History of Korea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		After the fall of Gojoseon, the southern part of the peninsula consolidated into three confederations (collectively Samhan): Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan.
		Mahan was later absorbed into Baekje, Jinhan was absorbed into Silla, and Byeonhan was succeeded by Gaya, which was in turn annexed by Silla.
		Because of this continuity, this period is often combined into the Three Kingdoms period.
	www.tocatch.info /en/History_of_Korea.htm (2693 words)

	Miryang-si (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is thought that a small tribe called "Mirimidongkuk" lived in Miryang which once belonged to Byeonhan.
		Miryang was merged into Silla during the 6th year of King Jijeung's reign (505).
		Since Hangjeong-dong and Yongwhal-dong had less than 5,000 people they were merged together and called Naeil-dong by local law #4 and ordinance #5 on Sep. 21, 1998.
	www.miryang.go.kr /eng/body01_02.html (482 words)

	The leading Namhae that is a good place to live (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It provides Namhae was a good living place for humans based on the fact that were discovered near the military base; the natural environment; mild climate; rich soil; abundant seafood; and which was very close to the mainland.
		It assumed that Namhae belonged to either Gunmi-guk or Nangno-guk that were one of the 12 tribe countries of the south Byeonhan during the Era of Samhan.
		The geological condition leads to the conclusion that Namhae belonged to Goryeong Gaya among the 6 Gayas during the The Era of The United Gaya.
	english.namhae.go.kr /02/01.asp?hs=2 (592 words)

	Wecome to Daegu National Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Gaya Federation was a loose federation of tiny states based in the lower reaches of the Nakdonggang River, Yeongnam Province.
		The federation developed within the territory of ancient Byeonhan.
		The number of states within the Gaya Federation varied over time, but the federation failed to develop into a unified kingdom under a single monarch.
	daegu.museum.go.kr /museum/english/body_02/body02_1_06.htm (252 words)

	Museum Busan English Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In the southern regions of the Korean Peninsula (before 200 BC) the Ma-Han, Jin-Han and Byeon-Han, the Three Hans period began with the introduction and development of ironware culture.
		Busan was part of ByeonHan's twelve scattered nations which were largely centered between the Nakdonggang and the Gyeongnam Sea.
		The Gaya, which developed from the ByeonHan society, is often included when mentioning the Three Kingdoms Period.
	museum.busan.kr /eng/bokcheon/menu5.html (390 words)

	China History Forum, online chinese history forum > Korean History in a nutshell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was succeeded by the Samhan or "Three Hans." The Jin name continued to be used in the name of the Jinhan confederacy and in the name "Byeonjin," an alternate term for Byeonhan.
		After Geumgwan Gaya capitulated to Silla in 532, the royal house was accepted into the Silla aristocracy and given the rank of "true bone," the second-highest level of the Silla bone rank system.
		Daegaya is thought to have evlovled from the Mioyama state, a part of the Byeonhan* confederacy.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /lofiversion/index.php/t1898.html (17604 words)

	History of Korea - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Okjeo and Dongye were located on the eastern coast of modern-dayNorth Korea,and Buyeo was in Manchuria.Okjeo, Dongye, and Buyeo were later conquered by Goguryeo.
		In the southern part of the peninsula, three differentconfederate of chiefdoms existed: Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan.
		According to Later Book of Han,Mahan contained 54 states, Jinhan and Byeonhan contained 14each.
	www.aaez.biz /?t=History_of_Korea (2394 words)

	donga.com [english donga]
		The other two are on the boundary of between the two provinces of Gyeongsang and Jeolla—Gyeongnam and Jeonnam-Jeonbuk, and Jeonbuk and Gyeongnam-Gyeongbuk, respectively—but at this Samdo-bong the boundary of three provinces, Gyeongsang, Jeolla and Chungcheong, converge.
		Moreover it is said to have been the boundary between Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan in the Samhan era, from which we might say that this one is the best of the Samdo-bongs.
		The summit of Samdo-bong, where the snow covering all the mountains is melting under the warm spring sunlight.
	english.donga.com /srv/service.php3?bicode=130000&biid=2005031896698 (766 words)

	:: CYBER MUSEUM OF DAEGAYA ...
		Accordingly, it is believed that they basically established a state versus state relation.
		Although they shared the fact that they all came from Byeonhan, it did not decisively influence their political relations.
		So far, the view that Gaya states established a structure like an allied body has been the main tendency in explaining the relations between them.
	www.daegaya.net /english/C/c54.htm (329 words)

	Articles - Nakdong River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Numerous Neolithic remains have been found in the valley.
		When Korea first enters world history around the first century CE, the valley is believed to have been inhabited by the Byeonhan tribes.
		During the Three Kingdoms period, the allied states of the Gaya federation controlled the valley, until they were overrun by Silla in 562.
	www.estorea.com /articles/Nakdong_River (585 words)

	Government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		All other romanization of ruler names below is based on the system used in MuSulHak available here except where otherwise noted.
		1st Century B.C. - 4th Century A.D. ByeonHan (ByeonJin):
		Based on ByeonHan of Ancient Korea SamHan Period
	www.musulhak.com /art/history/korea/government/government.html (226 words)

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