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Topic: Bytecode

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	Bytecode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bytecode is a binary representation of an executable program designed to be executed by a virtual machine rather than by dedicated hardware.
		After compiling to bytecode, the resulting output may be used as the input of a compiler targeting machine code, or executed directly on a virtual machine.
		For example, bytecodes encode the results of semantic analysis such as the scope of each variable access (that is, whether the variable is global or local).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bytecode (462 words)

	Java bytecode:
		Understanding bytecode and what bytecode is likely to be generated by a Java compiler helps the Java programmer in the same way that knowledge of assembler helps the C or C++ programmer.
		The first five lines of the bytecode file list the file name that is used to generate this code, the class definition, its inheritance (by default, all classes inherit from java.lang.Object), and its constructors and methods.
		You might notice on closer inspection of the bytecode that certain opcodes are prefixed with an `a' or an `i'.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/ibm/library/it-haggar_bytecode (2872 words)

	Classworking toolkit: Combining source and bytecode generation
		Bytecode method matching in JiBX 1.X is based on comparing the method signatures, along with the actual binary bytecode instruction sequences for the methods.
		The nearest equivalent to the bytecode approach of comparing method signatures and instruction sequences is to match the sequence of Java language tokens comprising the source code for a method.
		Bytecode methods can be added and removed without interfering with user code, and generated methods are essentially the same as those compiled from user code.
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/java/library/j-cwt10045 (3432 words)

	Single Bytecode Process - Introduction to MBCP
		But, with a bytecode cache, all instances of a virtual machine delegate the storage of class files to a bytecode cache.
		While a bytecode cache can be plugged into a virtual memory manager, it can also maintain an independent swap space, such as a swap file.
		When a bytecode cache is installed as a kernel module, it can be started with the foreign operating system kernel.
	www.mindspring.com /~gchii/mbcp/sbcp.html (1095 words)

	LLVM Bytecode File Format (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		LLVM bytecode files consist simply of a sequence of blocks of bytes using a binary encoding Each block begins with an header of two unsigned integers.
		The bytecode file format requires blocks to be in a certain order and nested in a particular way so that an LLVM module can be constructed efficiently from the contents of the file.
		Of particular note, the bytecode format number is simply a 28-bit monotonically increasing integer that identifies the version of the bytecode format (which is not directly related to the LLVM release number).
	llvm.org /docs/BytecodeFormat.html (5947 words)

	Bytecode basics - Java World
		The article covers primitive types operated upon by bytecodes, bytecodes that convert between types, and bytecodes that operate on the stack.
		The bytecodes for a method are executed when that method is invoked during the course of running the program.
		Bytecode instructions therefore operate primarily on the stack.
	www.javaworld.com /javaworld/jw-09-1996/jw-09-bytecodes.html (686 words)

	CINT Documentation
		The bytecode compiler is excited by loop commands, for, while, do.
		In such case, bytecode is discarded and the code is interpreted.
		# Incremental bytecode compilation of loops ################################# For loop in follwing example is compiled as bytecode in the first iteration, 2nd to 10000th iterations execute bytecode.
	root.cern.ch /root/Cint.phtml?bytecode (547 words)

	XIDEK: Interpreter Development Kit -- Bytecode Interpreter Definitions
		Each bytecode uniquely identifies a function to be executed by a "bytecode interpreter", which simply picks up the bytecodes in order and invokes the appropriate functions.
		The second bytecode, if it exists, is the index of a variable value in the data array, the index of a constant in the constant array, or the offset of a branch instruction.
		K is the offset in number of bytecodes relative to the address of the instruction after the branch instruction.
	www.parsifalsoft.com /examples/xidek/xidek/doc/bcidefs.htm (2620 words)

	Open Source ByteCode Libraries in Java
		It is a class library for editing bytecodes in Java; it enables Java programs to define a new class at runtime and to modify a class file before the JVM loads it.
		The goal of the serp bytecode framework is to tap the full power of bytecode modification while lowering its associated costs.
		Jen is a lightweight, high-level Java(tm) bytecode manipulation and generation library that permits Java classes to be modified in terms of 'rename this class', 'make a field public', and 'add a new constructor'.
	java-source.net /open-source/bytecode-libraries (922 words)

	Blue Book Chapter 26
		The bytecodes produced by the compiler are instructions for an interpreter, which is described in the second section.
		The jump bytecodes indicate the next bytecode to be executed relative to the position of the jump.
		The bytecode that pushes the active context was not described along with the rest of the push bytecodes since the function of contexts had not been described at that point.
	users.ipa.net /~dwighth/smalltalk/bluebook/bluebook_chapter26.html (5732 words)

	Bytecode Files
		The load_commands() primitive loads a bytecode file of command, subroutine and variable definitions into Epsilon after the EEL compiler has produced it from the.e source file.
		For example, all the work of the set-color command was once done by a when_loading() function in the EEL file color.e.
		The set-color command was still defined as a command that autoloads the color.b bytecode file, so the next time the user ran this command, Epsilon loaded the file again.
	www.lugaru.com /man/Bytecode.Files.html (980 words)

	Download bytecode
		Bytecode executables have access to all means of the operating system.
		The bytecode interpreters coming with the O'Caml source distribution are always statically linked with a fixed set of libraries, and they can only run binaries that need exactly the same set.
		A customized interpreter will be built "on the fly" by loading the libraries dynamically (on some platforms, however, this is not possible because the dynamic loader of the operating system is too restrictive concerning shared global variables; in this case a pre-built interpreter will be executed).
	www.ocaml-programming.de /programming/download-bytecode.html (589 words)

	jclasslib bytecode viewer help
		While the bytecode manipulation part is of interest to developers with specialized development targets such as obfuscators, compilers or code completion engines, the bytecode viewer is a standalone application which is useful for anyone trying to understand the java virtual machine.
		The classpath for a new workspace initially consists of the runtime library of the JRE that is used to run the bytecode viewer.
		To understand the meaning of the classfile structure, its substructures and the bytecode itself, it is useful to have the Java virtual machine specification at hand.
	resources.ej-technologies.com /jclasslib/doc/help.html (1407 words)

	Bytecode Basics
		Bytecodes are the machine language of the Java virtual machine.
		The bytecodes streams are stored in the method area of the JVM.
		A method's bytecode stream is a sequence of instructions for the Java virtual machine.
	www.artima.com /underthehood/bytecode.html (546 words)

	Eye on performance: Micro performance benchmarking
		bytecode operation to push a specific integer onto the stack.
		bytecode pops the value at the top of the stack and stores that value in the local variable table.
		The only difference is that the third and fourth bytecodes are swapped over between the two methods.
	www-106.ibm.com /developerworks/library/j-perf12053.html (1757 words)

	Kelly O'Hair's Blog: Bytecode Instrumentation (BCI)
		Insertion of bytecodes at the very beginning needs to be done carefully, consider a jump to offset 0 in the original bytecodes.
		Any bytecode insertion needs to be careful of the state of the VM when it is called, e.g., has the VM started, or has the VM been initialized.
		Creating too much new bytecode can cause stack overflow errors in the VM prior to VM initialization, so for the early loaded classes you need to take special care about what inserted bytecode is executed and what that bytecode is doing when the VM is not fully initialized yet.
	weblogs.java.net /blog/kellyohair/archive/2005/05/bytecode_instru.html (2296 words)

	Bytecode Systems
		It is far more difficult to measure this, but bytecode is also likely to be stored more compactly in memory than machine code.
		combines native compilation with a bytecode compiler: code that is executed a lot will benefit from compilation to native code, whilst by bytecode-compiling those parts of a system that are seldom executed, substantial memory savings are attained.
		Bytecode machines have traditionally been stack-oriented machines, where objects would be drawn in and out of memory onto a stack where they would then be processed.
	linuxfinances.info /info/bytecode.html (1211 words)

	JDC Tech Tips: August 29, 2000
		Better still, the bytecodes are designed so that these type-safety checks need only be performed once, at class load time.
		The critical point to remember about all of these checks is that they are made by the virtual machine at the bytecode level, not just by the compiler.
		Knowing a little bytecode is a valuable assist to any programmer coding in the Java programming language.
	java.sun.com /developer/TechTips/2000/tt0829.html (1810 words)

	Squawks of the Parrot: WCB: Pluggable bytecode loaders
		What I'm talking about here is giving the bytecode loading system of parrot the capability to have special-purpose bytecode loading libraries which can be loaded at runtime, as well as the capability of detecting what type of bytecode is being loaded and handing it off to the right loader.
		More usefully, if you consider source code just an odd and somewhat densely packed bytecode, it means that allowing this means that all you need for parrot to properly dispatch source to a compiler is a bytecode loader that takes the source, compiles it, and then executes it.
		IKVM does JIT Java bytecode to.NET CLR's CIL bytecode, and I imagine it is quite a boon to CLR adoption.
	www.sidhe.org /~dan/blog/archives/000424.html (599 words)

	Java bytecode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Not all 256 possible bytecode values are used, in fact Sun Microsystems, the original creators of the Java programming language, the Java virtual machine and other components of the Java Runtime Environment, have set aside a number of values to be permanently unimplemented.
		It is possible to write Java bytecode by hand, however this method is almost never used in real life because nowadays the compilers are able to compile well performing code and nearly no person is able to comprehend a piece of Java bytecode of considerable size.
		If executing Java bytecode in a Java virtual machine is not desirable, a developer can also compile Java source code or Java bytecode directly to native machine code with tools such as the GNU Compiler for Java.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Java_bytecode (846 words)

	B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
		When the generated bytecode is loaded in, your program is ready to run, reducing the time which perl would have taken to load and parse your program into its internal semi-compiled form.
		Tells the (bytecode) assembler to include source assembler lines in its output as bytecode comments.
		Output (bytecode) assembler source rather than piping it through the assembler and outputting bytecode.
	www.xav.com /perl/lib/B/Bytecode.html (340 words)

	ASM - Introduction to the ASM 2.0 Bytecode Framework
		The ASM bytecode manipulation framework is written in Java and uses a visitor-based approach to generate bytecode and drive transformations of existing classes.
		This package is sufficient to generate Java bytecode and to implement the majority of bytecode transformations.
		Another challenge with any kind of bytecode generation or transformation is that offsets within method code can change and should be adjusted when additional instructions are inserted or removed from the method code.
	asm.objectweb.org /doc/tutorial-asm-2.0.html (3027 words)

	ONJava.com -- Using the ASM Toolkit for Bytecode Manipulation
		One of the oldest bytecode manipulation frameworks, Byte Code Engineering Library (BCEL), is used in a number of projects; however, it is rather difficult to learn and use.
		The ASM bytecode manipulation framework has been designed and implemented to be small and as fast as possible.
		Ideally, it is good to have an understanding of the bytecode structure and JVM opcodes (see the Resources section below), but it is possible to start digging in even without such knowledge.
	www.onjava.com /pub/a/onjava/2004/10/06/asm1.html (698 words)

	Serp
		Bytecode manipulation is a powerful tool in the arsenal of the Java developer.
		While in order to perform any advanced manipulation, some understanding of the class file format and especially of the JVM instruction set is necessary, the framework makes it as easy as possible to enter the world of bytecode development.
		However, there are plans to implement this, as well as plans to allow operations to modify bytecode based on specified patterns, similar to aspect-oriented programming.
	serp.sourceforge.net (1225 words)

	SourceForge.net: yaml-core
		This bytecode is used for sequence entries, keys, values, etc. "C": name: Scalar Continuation desc: > Since a scalar may not fit within a buffer, and since it may not contain a \n character, it may have to be broken into several chunks.
		Or, in a language with garbage collection, could be implemented as an iterator returning a string containing the bytecode line (bytecode followed immediately by the bytecode argument as a single string) or as a tuple.
		There are two methods for sending bytecodes, one instruction at a time, or as a bytecode buffer, which is a chunk of the textual format.Each one of these methods has a push and a pull variant.The method I outlined earlier, was the buffer method:
	sourceforge.net /mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=6096494 (12654 words)

	proto-pep: How to change Python's bytecode \| Python \| Dev
		Python source code is compiled down to something called bytecode.
		While changing Python's bytecode is not a frequent occurence, it still happens.
		At to the title, bytecodes are a property of the CPython implementation,
	www.gossamer-threads.com /lists/python/dev/374991 (1612 words)

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