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Topic: Byzantine Dress

	Byzantine Empire 3 - Crystalinks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Byzantine art is generally taken to include the arts of the Byzantine Empire from the foundation of the new capital of Constantinople (now Istanbul) in AD 330 in ancient Byzantium to the capture of the city by the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
		Byzantine art could play this role because, throughout its long history, it maintained a connection with the artistic heritage of Greek and Roman art and architecture; it preserved and transmitted much of this heritage to the West until Western artists were able to approach antiquity directly.
		Early Byzantine art must be considered in relation to the Early Christian condemnation of pagan idolatry and the consequent reluctance to depict sacred Christian figures and stories.
	www.crystalinks.com /byzantine3.html (2114 words)

	costume - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		The Egyptian costume evolved into a highly decorative mode of dress characterized by the use of fluted linen, of jewelry (especially the beaded yoke collar), and of cosmetics and perfume ; the wig was also worn.
		Roman dress, influenced by that of the Greeks, was simple and dignified; the toga, which was worn over the tunic, was the distinctive garment of the Roman citizen.
		Chinese dress was traditionally distinguished by the use of magnificent textiles and embroidery and of pearls and jade—all symbolic of rank and wealth.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-costume.html (2053 words)

	Byzantine dress - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		In the early stages of the Byzantine Empire the traditional Roman toga was popular.
		The tablion was a decorative spot sometimes used to show the rank of the wearer by the type of embroidery and jewels that were used.
		In the northern reaches of the Byzantine sphere, small caps with or without fur brims were seen.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Byzantine_Dress (820 words)

	History
		Byzantine chant notation in its fully developed and unambiguous form represents a highly ingenious system of interrelationships among a handful of symbols that enabled scribes to convey a great variety of rhythmic, melodic, and dynamic nuances.
		Byzantine syllabic psalm tones display extremely archaic features such as the rigidly organized four-element cadence that is mechanically applied to the last four syllables of the verse, regardless of accent or quantity.
		This final phase of Byzantine musical activity provided the main thrust that was to survive throughout the Ottoman period and that continues to dominate the current tradition.
	www.stanthonysmonastery.org /music/History.htm (6335 words)

	Dress and Decor :: Theatre 301, UBC :: Medieval World :: Dress :: Byzantine
		Surviving evidence of Byzantine costume is through the magnificent art in church mosaics and illumination - hand painting and lettering - of manuscripts, copies of religious and classical writings produced in the monasteries.
		Byzantine costume reflected the brightly coloured mosaics seen in church interiors in its emphasis on jeweled ornament and embroidery.
		Byzantine goods were sought after in western Europe, and influenced the dress of the Merovingian and Carolingian ruling classes.
	www.theatre.ubc.ca /dress_decor/medieval_world_dress_byzantine.htm (2357 words)

	Byzantine dress
		Special forms of dress for many classes of people on particular occasions are set down; at the name-day dinner for the Emperor or Empress various groups of high officials performed ceremonial "dances", one group wearing " a blue and white garment, with short sleeves, and gold bands, and rings on their ankles.
		As in the Versailles of Louis XIV, elaborate dress and court ritual probably were at least partly an attempt to smother and distract from political tensions.
		This is certainly the area in which Roman and Byzantine clothing is nearest to living on, as many forms of habit and vestments still in use (especially in the Eastern, but also in the Western churches) are closely related to their predecessors.
	www.1bx.com /en/Byzantine_Dress.htm (3157 words)

	Dress
		The main elements of the dress were the shirt, trousers, cloak, sheepskin vest (kozukh), overcoat (korzno, miatel, luda), cap (klobuk), footcloths, stockings, and boots.
		dress in the countryside because of its low price and the peasant's desire not to appear different from the townsfolk.
		dress is rarely worn, even in the countryside, and is used mainly in stage performances.
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/D/R/Dress.htm (892 words)

	Byzantine dress - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the early stages of the Byzantine Empire the traditional Roman toga was popular.
		The tablion was a decorative spot sometimes used to show the rank of the wearer by the type of embroidery and jewels that were used.
		In the northern reaches of the Byzantine sphere, small caps with or without fur brims were seen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Byzantine_Dress (801 words)

	Dress and Decor :: Theatre 301, UBC :: Medieval World :: Dress
		Surviving evidence of Byzantine costume is found in the magnificent church mosaics and in illuminated manuscripts, which were richly illustrated copies of religious and classical writings produced in the monasteries.
		Court Dress for the upper-class men and the Emperor and Empress: a paludamentum or rectangular cloak worn pinned on the right shoulder with a large fibula or brooch.
		An important difference between Roman and Byzantine dress was the change in silhouette from loose, draped garments to a semi-fitted silhouette.
	www.theatre.ubc.ca /dress_decor/medieval_world_dress.htm (3929 words)

	chronology of boys' clothing : ancient civilizations -- Byzantium
		Byzantine armies usually faced much larger, but less well drilled armies, but were successful because of their tactisupperiority and discipline.
		Byzantine art looks very static to us today because we are familar with the vibrant realistic art of the Italian Renaisance which began in the 14th century.
		Byzantines were concerned about family, social class wealth, even the favored sports team, but race was not a factor of great concern.
	histclo.com /chron/ancient/ac-byz.html (3157 words)

	Roman Dress
		There was some old families with ancient ancestry insisted on continuing the tradition of dressing without a tunic, but their fellow Romans understood them to be old fashioned relics of times by.
		The standard dress worn by Roman citizens was the toga for men and the stola for women.
		The calcei were the standard outdoor footwear for a Roman and formed part of the national dress with the toga.
	www.roman-empire.net /society/soc-dress.html (1696 words)

	SERVICED ROME APARTMENTS RENTAL GUIDE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
		The Byzantine Empire was the eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived for a thousand years after the western half had crumbled into various feudal kingdoms and which finally fell to Ottoman Turkish onslaughts in 1453.
		The Byzantine economy was actually strengthened by the loss of territory, as the shrinking empire allowed greater freedom to merchants and agricultural labor.
		At Daphni, the Pantocrator - Christ as Lord of the Universe--appears at the summit of the central dome, and the Virgin is represented in the apse above the altar as the instrument of Christ's incarnation.
	www.tassoni.it /ancient-rome/byzantine.htm (4207 words)

	Ceremony and Faith Byzantine Art and the Divine Liturgy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		From the Byzantine era to the present day this has been achieved by the excessive length and the long narrow sleeves of the inner sticharia, the voluminous garments, the absence of a belt and the wearing of several pieces over one another.
		The realization of this moral imperative during the Byzantine Age at least is ascertained in many aspects of the sacerdotal costume: in the limited patterns repeated for centuries, in the dark or dull colours, in the sparse decoration and in the simple techniques for making them.
		In Byzantine times the decoration of the sticharia, the omophoria, the oraria and the epitrachelia was limited to a small area of their surface and consisted of plain bands, the potamoi, or other simple geometric, woven or applique elements (clavi, segmenta, orbiculi), crosses and other linear motifs.
	www.culture.gr /2/21/215/21505/215051/2150513/e21505119m.html (3106 words)

	Byzantine cuisine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Byzantine cuisine was marked by a merger of Greek and Roman gastronomy.
		The development of the Byzantine empire and trade brought in spices, sugar and new vegetables to Greece.
		Thanks to the location of Constantinople between popular trade routes, Byzantine cuisine was augmented by cultural influences from several locales—such as Lombard Italy, the Persian Empire, and an emerging Arabic Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Byzantine_Cuisine (470 words)

	Kievan Rus Database (Clothing: Byzantine Women)
		An example dress consisted of a foundation of heavy silk, cut on the lines of the dalmatica, but narrower in the skirt.
		On this was superimposed a shot blue and gold gauze, a diaphanous silk fabric of Byzantine manufacture, slightly fulled to the foundation, and retained in place by bands of embroidery around the neck and edges of the sleeves, and at the bottom by a much wider, heavier, and richer border.
		The bridal dresses of Imperial empresses were sometimes made from cloth of gold bordered with heavy embroidery of pearls and diamonds upon a purple ground.
	members.aol.com /bksmyre/Clothing_Byzantine_Women.html (791 words)

	[SCA-AS] [tmr-l@wmich.edu: TMR 06.10.09 Ball, Byzantine Dress (Coatsworth)]
		The third source adduced is material evidence for surviving dress fragments, of which a select catalogue is provided at the end of the chapter dealing with this material: its position in the book reflects the author's difficulty in relating it directly to depicted dress.
		Only the ?lite dress, which forms the bulk of the work, is organized geographically, in three chapters on "Imperial Dress," "Court Dress" and "Dress of the Borderland ?lite" (that is of those living within or actually just outside the borders of the Empire).
		Chapter 2, on "Court Dress," excludes from consideration all but nine depictions, six of men and three of women (the last all in one manuscript), but is able to make considerable use of documentary sources, while acknowledging the difficulties of relating the many terms which seem to mean "tunic" to a specific type.
	lists.gallowglass.org /pipermail/artssciences/2006-October/001467.html (1431 words)

	Byzantines.net - Byzantine Liturgical Vestments
		The use of such dress over the course of centuries and in all parts of Christendom gave rise to a sense of stability and continuity which is important in a religion concerned with eternal verities.
		Its very full form in the Byzantine usage is reminiscent of the ancient paenula which gradually replaced the Roman toga as the outer garment of the upper classes toward the close of the imperial period.
		These are simply ritualized forms of the ordinary dress of the Middle East which is still regularly worn in traditional societies.
	www.byzantines.net /moreinfo/vestments.htm (1348 words)

	Romanesque/Byzantine
		From the little information that is left from these Middle Ages, it seems that the differences in the Byzantine and Western dress in the years between the sixth and eleventh centuries are the differences in ornament, headdress, and length of particular garments.
		Byzantine men wore their hair cropped or bobbed with bangs across the forehead.
		Fur distinguishes Western Europe from Byzantine modes, and much of their clothing was lined and decorated with it.
	www.cwu.edu /~robinsos/ppages/resources/Costume_History/romanesque.htm (906 words)

	Dress
		Byzantine dress is a riot of rich, deep colours.
		For ceremonial wear, Byzantine emperors wore a very elaborate, long version to the tunic, called a talaris cut closer to the body with a slit at each side.
		However, Byzantine parade dress was gradually combined with elements of traditional Rus styles by the princely class and Byzantine styles of ornamentation spread even wider.
	members.tripod.com /nicolaa5/articles/Rus/dress.html (1753 words)

	Myth of the Purple Pants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The author, Frank R. Donovan, presented the picture and ventured the opinion that Varangians were "probably dressed in the style of the hooded guardsman" in the mosaic of the Crucifixion in the Church of Nea Moni on the island of Chios.
		Byzantine dress codes and the issuing of clothing to troops bears some analysis at this point.
		Byzantine military manuals, as we might expect, are very detailed about the equipping of the troops.
	web.missouri.edu /~tm104/other/myth_of_the_purple_pants.htm (1363 words)

	BYZANTINE COIN JEWELRY
		The classic architecture, style of dress, and overall appearance of all that was "Old Rome" took on a new and intricate style that the world has never seen before or since.
		Another well-known remnant of the Byzantine Period is the stunning and unique art of the religious Icons.
		At the time of the Byzantine Roman period where the center of the Roman Empire was based in the East, the Vatican emerged in the West and tried to influence Roman rule but never were successful.
	www.johnbmcnamara.com /byzantine.htm (1188 words)

	The Costumer's Manifesto: Byzantine, Late Roman, Coptic Costume links
		Welcome to Byzantium, an SCA event and Studies of Historic dress and coins.
		Cyprian, 3rd Century Ante-Nicene Father, Treatise II.1 On the Dress of Virgins.
		XI Of the Dress of the Monks (4th Century)
	www.costumes.org /history/100pages/byzantinelinks.htm (351 words)

	Gallery: Byzantine Images
		The plan of the typical Byzantine house in 6th century Jerusalem (the period depicted in the Medeba map), suited the life-style of that city.
		Illustrated is the interior of a reconstruction of a typical Byzantine house in Jerusalem.
		The sun clock was not a Byzantine invention, and clocks like the one illustrated (or similar to it) have been found from earlier periods (ancient Roman).
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/byzantium/images.html (2139 words)

	Dress Summaries
		Dress and Undress: A History of Women's Underwear is an answer to all your questions about underthings from 3000 BC to the present.
		Byzantine Dress : Representations of Secular Dress in Eighth- to Twelfth-century Painting (The New M
		In Byzantium two overlapping systems of dress existed: a semiotic one whereby dress was a code for rank and wealth; and a fashion system where dr...
	www.shvoong.com /tags/dress (466 words)

	costume. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		distinctive forms of clothing, including official or ceremonial attire such as ecclesiastical vestments, coronation robes, academic gowns, armor, and theatrical dress.
		The term costume also includes accessories, such as the shoe, hat, glove, corset, handkerchief, fan, umbrella, cane, and jewelry; styles of wearing the hair (see hairdressing) and beard; and primitive methods of body-marking and attaching ornaments to the body.
		The Egyptian costume evolved into a highly decorative mode of dress characterized by the use of fluted linen, of jewelry (especially the beaded yoke collar), and of cosmetics and perfume; the wig was also worn.
	www.bartleby.com /65/co/costume.html (1870 words)

	Ancient Arts Online - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Studying early period life style and dress compels one to posses a basic understanding of the multitude of tribal cultures that influenced Europe in its infancy.
		It was often woven, as Byzantine examples show,[5] or cut into these shapes and sewn up the sides.
		This tubular shaped dress was a predominate article of clothing and vast examples of peplos been found with many dating back as far as the Bronze Age.
	www.ancientartsonline.com /earlyperiodclothing.htm (1570 words)

	BRILL
		Today, one Byzantine astrolabe (from 1062) is extant, as are some 750 Arabic-Islamic astrolabes and approximately the same number of European astrolabes.
		Readers interested in Byzantine painting, religious iconography, imperial insignia and ceremonial, Byzantine dress and military equipment, daily life in mediaeval Byzantium, as well as art-historians, archaeologists, cultural historians and philologists.
		It explores the potential of Byzantine art as a source of information on material culture and inquires into the semiotic function of realia in religious pictorial contexts.
	www.brill.nl /product.asp?ID=10332 (563 words)

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