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Topic: Byzantine Law

	Medieval Sourcebook: Medieval Legal History
		The Law of Brusthem, 1175, on a mixed marriage between a slave and a freewoman.
		Cain Adamnain: An Old-Irish Treatise on the Law of Adamnan
		Laws of Alfred and Ine [In Anglo Saxon] [At Labryinth]
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/sbook-law.html (4052 words)

	Byzantine Empire
		Ukraine was facilitated by the Byzantine colonies on the northern coast of the
		The influence of Byzantine culture in Ukraine was not limited to the religious sphere.
		Byzantium in Ukraine was not as widespread or as profound as it was in the Vladimir-Suzdal principality and later in Muscovy, where Byzantine traditions lay at the foundation of the church and state.
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/B/Y/ByzantineEmpire.htm (1009 words)

	Civil law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The civil law is based on Roman law, especially the Corpus Juris Civilis of Emperor Justinian, as latter developed through the Middle Ages by mediaeval legal scholars.
		Originally civil law was one common legal system in much of Europe, but with the development of nationalism in the 17th century Nordic countries and around the time of the French Revolution, it became fractured into separate national systems.
		This was the situation in England that repeatedly caused problems between the two legal systems, most famously perhaps the one that led to the murder of Thomas à Becket during the reign of Henry II of England.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/c/ci/civil_law.html (606 words)

	Bambooweb: Civil law
		The civil law is based on Roman law, especially the Corpus Juris Civilis of Emperor Justinian, as latter developed through the Middle Ages by mediaeval legal scholars.
		Originally civil law was one common legal system in much of Europe, but with the development of nationalism in the 17th century Nordic countries and around the time of the French Revolution, it became fractured into separate national systems.
		Civil law (as opposed to "canon law") is the secular legal system of the national government when there is also a system of ecclesiastical courts governed by a church's laws in the same country.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/c/i/Civil_law.html (640 words)

	Deno Geanakoplos - Prologue: the two worlds of Christendom - Administration, Political Theory, Law and Diplomacy
		And it is the Roman law, codified by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian and transmitted via Italy to the West(52), which is perhaps Byzantium's chief practical legacy to the modern world.
		For while the West was steeped in Germanic, barbaric law with its primitive ordeals and trials by battle, the Greek East was enjoying the benefits of Roman law, which had been leavened by the ideals of Stoicism and other philosophies on the basis of the long experience of the East.
		In the Byzantine East where it became the official or semi-official sailor's code and 'admiralty law', it offered practical, time-tested regulations for the handling of collision cases between ships and for such 'proto-capitalist' problems as the relation of the owner of a ship to the cargo owner in the event the cargo was lost.
	www.myriobiblos.gr /texts/english/geanakoplos_twoworlds_7.html (1577 words)

	The History of Byzantine Literature: from Justinian to the end of the Eastern Roman Empir (527-1453) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The greatest political difference between the Byzantine and Roman periods was the transfer of the center of gravity from the West to the East and the consequent gradual supersession of the Latin language by the Greek.
		Having established that the beginning of the Byzantine era in politics, religion, culture, art, language and literature can be fairly assumed to be the fourth century, or, if an exact date is necessary, around the year 324, then it is manifestly clear that the development was not even or parallel in all areas.
		Byzantine literature stands alongside its Greek and Roman counterparts as a new form in which Greek, Roman, Christian and eastern elements were fused into an original whole.
	www.byzantine.nd.edu /krumbacher.htm (16311 words)

	Byzantine Studies Conference: 1989 Abstracts
		Thus, in southern Greece the lack of Byzantine resistance to the Latins was as much a result of Boniface's understanding of Byzantine politics and the successful policies he applied, as of preexisting Byzantine disunity and the breakdown of the provincial administration.
		As the one Byzantine institution to survive under the Ottomans, the patriarchate of Constantinople became the legal agency for Orthodox Christians, and indeed the patriarch almost an eastern counterpart to the pope.
		Of particular interest to students of Muslim-Christian relations during the Byzantine era is the formula of abjuration, or the apotaxis and the anathemas, which the convert recites prior to his or her admission to the rank of the catechumens.
	www.byzconf.org /1989abstracts.html (17204 words)

	The [True] ORDER OF SAINT CONSTANTINE THE GREAT - ROMAN EMPIRE to NEW BYZANTIUM
		Byzantine Law presents a characteristic which is unique unto itself: Byzantium, by being converted to the capital of the Roman Empire by the will of Constantine the Great of immortal memory,(1) inherited the supernal Roman Law as applied in Ancient Rome.
		Given the Byzantine political philosophy, God the sovereign legislator of the world is He who inspires the Emperor to establish the obligatory norms in the Empire in accordance with divine law and natural law.
		Due to the importance of law as a norm of life, and to conscience in its mission jointly with religion, the Byzantine emperors have developed an unusual activity in the subject matter of the creation of law.
	www.new-byzantium.org /orderof.html (5605 words)

	The Byzantines
		In the latter decades of the fifth century, the Byzantine Emperor declared himself to be a Monophysite—this estranged the Byzantines from the Roman Pope.
		The Latin church had battled emperors for control of the church and with the disintegration of centralized authority in Europe and the proliferation of European kingdoms, the primacy of the Pope in matters of faith was relatively solidified.
		The greatest of Byzantine writers, in fact, was the historian Anna Comnena, the daughter of the emperor Alexius.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/MA/BYZ.HTM (2634 words)

	Summary and Evaluation of Medieval Europe 610-1300
		The Byzantine empire was diminished as the Slavs and Avars migrated from the north and the Persians took over most of the Near East, including Egypt by 619.
		While the Byzantines were ruled by the woman Irene, Charlemagne was crowned Emperor by Pope Leo III in 800.
		Byzantine laws were completely revised under Emperor Leo VI (r.
	www.san.beck.org /6-9-Summary.html (12017 words)

	The Code of Serbian Tsar Stephan Dushan
		For the writing of the Code it was necessary to be acquainted with Byzantine law, Serbian written legal sources, Serbian common law, as well as with the circumstances in the country — the Code had to be in accordance with the development of the legal conscience of that time.
		Apart from common law and domestic written legal sources, the first written legal source of Byzantine origin was used in Serbia already at the beginning of the 13th century.
		If his master does not feed him according to the law, let him go to his archpriest, and the archpriest shall tell that lord to feed the priest according to law; but if that master does not obey, let the priest be free to go wherever he wishes.
	www.serbia-hellas.f2g.net /articles/code.html (4241 words)

	Harvard University Press/Law and Society in Byzantium
		At another level, ecclesiastical law was very important for everyday life, and the question arises of how much knowledge people had of it and how profound was their knowledge.
		Both people's perceptions and their practices were shaped by their views of human justice and divine justice: whether these coincided, and whether they were administered through the same means, for the intervention of saints or icons might be seen as an alternative to human justice.
		Such issues are present in all medieval societies; the case of Byzantium is of particular interest because of the interplay between formal law and the conceptualizations and practices--some quite divergent from the ostensible purpose of legislation--which affected the legislators, the practitioners, and all of society.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/LAILAW.html (340 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Attaliates
		Byzantine stateman and historian, probably a native of Attalia in Pamphylia, whence he seems to have come to Constantinople between 1130 and 1140.
		About 1079 or 1080 he published an account of Byzantine history from 1034 to 1079, a vivid and reliable presentation of the palace revolutions and female domination that characterize this period of transition from the great Macedonian dynasty to the Comneni.
		Though his style is not free from the usual affectations of Byzantine historians, it is more flowing and compact than that of his predecessors Krumbacher praises his accurate judgment and sense of equity; in both respects he is superior to his continuator, the panegyrist and courtier Psellos.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02060c.htm (310 words)

	Chapter By-law <i>to</i> Byzantine of B by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)
		A local or subordinate law; a private law or regulation made by a corporation for its own government.
		The law or institution; to which are added two by- laws, as a comment upon the general law.
		A law that is less important than a general law or constitutional provision, and subsidiary to it; a rule relating to a matter of detail; as, civic societies often adopt a constitution and by- laws for the government of their members.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/257/1193/22120/1.html (241 words)

	Lectures on Early Medieval Europe
		Byzantine law treated women as legal individuals who could inherit and accumulate property, manage an estate, and be part of legal proceedings.
		Byzantine emperors objected to the crowning of Charlemagne as Emperor of the Romans.
		Since the laws needed to govern the state were outside the realm of Sharia law, which only covered personal relationships (divorce, adultry, marriage, inheritance, etc.), everything else fell into the scope of what the Sultan had within his power to do, which was a great deal.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/265notes.html (11678 words)

	Between Lawyers: technology + culture + law
		We talk about Law 2.0 on this blog on a regular basis and this podcast will give you some practical ideas about what Law 2.0 might mean and what it might look like.
		Then: consider how a virtual law firm (or a very forward thinking conventional one) might be in the perfect position to leapfrog ahead by eliminating the CRM (customer relationship management) line item from its technology and marketing budgets, and instead adopting a client driven, "vendor relationship management" approach to business development.
		The Wired GC reports on recent developments in the "Law 2.0" discussion, which has taken a look at what the current notion of Web 2.0 may mean for the the delivery of legal services and the practice of law.
	betweenlawyers.corante.com /archives/law_20 (4145 words)

	Civil law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Secular law, as opposed to canon law or natural law.
		Contractual law enforces contracts by allowing a party(the plaintiff), whose rights have been violated or breached, to collect damages and penalties from a defendant.
		Civil law (as opposed to "canon law") is the secular legal system of the national government when there is also a system of ecclesiastical courts governed by a church's laws in the same country.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/C/Civil-law.htm (428 words)

	LEGAL EDUCATION REFORM
		One of their close associates in Almaty was the founder, in 1993, of the first independent law school in Kazakhstan, and both were leaders in supporting the KIMEP Lecture Series, weekly presentations focused on law reform that were held in a new, Western-style educational endeavor in Almaty.
		Law is "science" only in the astonishing sense that we humans are engaged in a long-term "controlled experiment" testing whether the evolution of intelligence — and of the capacity to choose based on knowledge, including self-knowledge — is evolutionarily viable.
		European and "civil law" courts generally are issuing increasingly discursive and well-reasoned decisions, and many explicitly integrate issues of statutory construction, social utility, economics, and practical administrability, etc., into persuasive opinions that are easily accessible and often cited in subsequent litigation.
	www.jurlandia.org /coreva1.htm (10612 words)

	Byzantine Coinage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The brief historical commentary provided with the exhibits is obviously not intended to be comprehensive in any way; rather, it is meant to highlight certain interesting facts, in particular some of those pertaining to the interactions and coexistence of South Slavic and Hellenic peoples and states in the Balkans during the Middle Ages.
		The transition point between the (Eastern) Roman and Byzantine empires - typically placed somewhere between the 4th and 7th centuries - is largely a matter of historical convenience, since the Empire itself knew no such distinction.
		The usual numismatic convention is to begin the Byzantine period of coinage with the great monetary reform of Anastasius I, in 498 AD.
	www.suc.org /exhibitions/byz_coins (351 words)

	ancient byzantine civilization
		Byzantine, and Byzantine influenced civilization began under the ancient Roman Empire and did not flicker to an end till the Communist revolution in Russia in the early 20th century.
		Moscow was the final inheritor of Byzantine culture, though with a strong Slavic flavor, and was known as "The Third Rome," claiming direct succession from Byzantium itself.
		It is Byzantine cultural information with a Christian slant.- From - Grubbs, Judith Evans, Law and Family in Late Antiquity: The Emperor Constantine's Marriage Legislation.
	www.archaeolink.com /byzantine_civilization.htm (1141 words)

	Basic Bibliography for Byzantine Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bringing Byzantine Studies to Notre Dame from Access: News from the University Libraries of Notre Dame (no.76, Spring 2000).
		Remarkable collaboration and achievement of leading Byzantine scholars under the editorial leadership of Alexander Khazdan.
		First chapter on the development of Byzantine studies is helpful as are discussions of the sources at the head of each chapter.
	www.library.nd.edu /byzantine_studies/bibliography.shtml (2094 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The historian of Byzantine law, Zacharia von Lingenthal, considered that Ottoman law, far from being attributable only to the Turks, had been inspired and influenced by Roman and Byzantine law.
		Mustafa Pasha accepted that Byzantine protocol and customs had passed to the Ottoman Palace, and that the various uniforms of the Sultan's troops in the çapital, and even the words alay (troop) and efendi were of Byzantine origin.
		He pointed out that the Byzantine concept of a `unique and universal' State was adopted by the Ottomans, and emphasised that, even prior to conquering Istanbul, Mehmet II had founded at Edirne an empire based on the principle of absolute monarchy and inspired by the Byzantine model.
	www.library.cornell.edu /colldev/mideast/ott.htm (8341 words)

	djhftit
		Byzantine Canon Law to 1100 by Spyros Troianos 6.
		Byzantine Canon Law from the Twelfth to the Fifteenth Centuries by Spyros Troianos 7.
		The Reform of Church and Law by Uta-Renate Blumenthal 2.
	faculty.cua.edu /pennington/djhftit.htm (673 words)

	Boekhandel - Antiquariaat Ben van Nijnatten
		Sometimes, however, progress merely consists of a stap back to the past, as in the case of the dating of the Prochiron.
		Of cource, the present study does not exclusively deal with the dating of law books: their status appeared to be inextricably bound up with their dating.
		To date and not to date, that is the issue in the realm of Byzantine legal history ".
	www.benvannijnatten.nl /cats.php?show=3&type=ct&id=10 (727 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Byzantium: The Farmer's Law, 7-8th Centuries
		The lives of Byzantine peasants are not entirely invisible to us: we can see them in hagiographical material, such as the Life of St. Theodore of Sykeon, as well as in legal sources.
		If the owners of the cultivated plots are not willing that the water go through their plots, let them be entitled to prevent it.
		The Sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted texts related to medieval and Byzantine history.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/farmerslaw.html (1562 words)

	Post Byzantine Law on the Web
		Postbyzantine law is very little known outside the community of legal historians and other academics in Greece and abroad.
		The purpose of this page is to create all the necessary tools that could promote the study of law and legal institutions of 13th- to 19th-century Greece.
		It is my aim to build gradually an electronic archive of legal documents.
	www.geocities.com /ekeied (59 words)

	Byzantine Books - www.byzantinebooks.com
		The theme of desire and denial was adopted for the 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies held at the University of Sussex in March 1997, in an attempt to see if there was a balance between these two poles that was in need of redress.
		Using evidence from archaeology, art history and literary texts, ranging from sermons to legal documents, these chapters reveal writings about love, both secular and religious; images of sexuality and sensuality; the law; and Byzantine attitudes to bodies and the senses.
		What the symposium illustrated is that the question of desires in the Byzantine world is significant, and that such desires can offer insights into Byzantine conceptions of their own world.
	www.storesonline.com /members/443013/A0199.html (225 words)

	Mr
		Gather evidence of the problem that the aspect of Byzantine Civilization sought to solve.
		Determine the causes of the problem that the aspect of Byzantine civilization sought to solve.
		Students will use a variety of intellectual skills to demonstrate their understanding of major ideas, eras, themes, developments, and turning points in world history and examine the broad sweep of history from a variety of perspectives.
	www.maxwell.syr.edu /plegal/tips/t5prod/niebergallwq6.html (679 words)

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