| | Encyclopedia article on Byzantine Empire [EncycloZine] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) |
 | | Attempts by the Arabs to conquer Constantinople failed in the face of the Byzantines' superior navy, their monopoly of the still mysterious incendiary weapon Greek fire, the city's strong walls, and the skill of warrior emperors such as Leo the Isaurian. |
 | | The Byzantine empire was for several hundred years Christianity's great wall of defense against Islam. |
 | | The empire's victory in the two giant sieges of Constantinople in the seventh and eighth centuries is arguably one of the most important events in human history, since it effectively broke the will of the Arab jihadists. |
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