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	UNIX shell differences and how to change your shell (Monthly Posting)
		A brief history of UNIX shells Note, this history is just known to be slightly out of historical order, it is in the process of being corrected, but for the moment should be taken with a pinch of salt In the near beginning there was the Bourne shell /bin/sh (written by S. Bourne).
		Into this shell they put several concepts which were new, (the majority of these being job control and aliasing) and managed to produce a shell that was much better for interactive use.
		Like the Korn shell bash was based upon the Bourne shells language and like the Korn shell, it also pinched features from the C shell and other operating systems (in my opinion it put them together better; guess which shell I use), but unlike the Korn shell it is free.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/unix-faq/shell/shell-differences (2225 words)

	The C Shell
		The C shell was written by Bill Joy at the University of California at Berkeley.
		The C shell handles job control, which allows the user to run certain programs in the background, and recall them to the foreground when necessary.
		Shell scripts are programs written in C shell.
	www.eng.hawaii.edu /Tutor/csh.html (1752 words)

	[No title]
		The C shell was developed by William Joy, the creator of the VI editor at the University of California, Berkeley.
		In the C shell, when a command is executed, it returns a value known as the exit status of the command.
		The default for the C shell is the (%).
	web.uccs.edu /kseverance (1187 words)

	PHP: shell_exec - Manual
		If you're on a host that provides neither shell access nor a way to unzip uploaded archives, you can use PHP to call the unzip utility with shell_exec() (provided they're not also running in safe mode).
		Hence, call it from browser and you will se that this script will be executed by the shell user and not the user nobody (apache default user if running a PHP script).
		Shell scripts that start with #!/usr/bin/bash return their output properly.
	www.php.net /shell_exec (3645 words)

	C Shell Scripts (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Shell scripts are files containing a series of commands that the shell executes as a group.
		Construction of useful shell scripts requires that it be possible to evaluate expressions in the shell based on the current values of certain variables.
		This allows C Shell shell scripts to fully participate in pipelines, but extra notation is required for commands which use inline data.
	docs.hp.com /en/B2355-90046/ch14s03.html (1269 words)

	[No title]
		Since the shell remembers the working directory in which each job was started, it warns you when you might be confused by restarting a job in the foreground which has a different working directory than the current working directory of the shell.
		Shells, such as the csh you use to run the ps command, are not normally shown in the output.
		An Introduction to the C shell USD:4-63 set The builtin set command is used to assign new val- ues to shell variables and to show the values of the current variables.
	www.softlab.ntua.gr /facilities/documentation/unix/docs/csh.txt (10011 words)

	C shell - a definition from Whatis.com
		C shell is the Unix shell (command execution program, often called a command interpreter) created by Bill Joy at the University of California at Berkeley as an alternative to UNIX's original shell, the Bourne shell.
		The C shell was invented for programmers who prefer a syntax similar to that of the C programming language.
		C is frequently the default shell at universities and research organizations and is the default on many systems, especially those derived from Berkeley UNIX.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci214637,00.html (326 words)

	C Shell Programming
		The C shell provides a rich scripting language that, at best, has a slight similarity to the programming language C. Shell scripting languages provide the user with a great many tools for handling everyday tasks around the system and even some less everyday tasks.
		Shell scripts are often written to handle some of the more tedious tasks that a user encounters on a regular basis.
		A simple C shell script could be a list of Unix commands that archives and compresses the users home directory and copies it to a specified mounted disk partition for storage
	snap.nlc.dcccd.edu /reference/shellguide/node72.html (487 words)

	12 C Shell
		In addition to the C shell's basic service of providing a means to instruct the computer, the C shell also provides a number of tools you can use to expedite your work flow.
		It is the responsibility of the command, not the shell, to interpret the arguments.
		The normal C shell behavior for executing commands that are C shell scripts uses two child processes: one process is a new C shell to interpret the script, and the other process is command(s) being executed.
	tech-geeks.org /contrib/mdrone/LinuxWorkshop/UNIXUnleashed/CH12.HTM (13001 words)

	C Shell
		The C shell uses a syntax that is very similar to that of the C programming language.
		When a command is issued in the C shell, the command is evaluated and all substitutions (variables and aliases) are made.
		C shell expressions have the same precedence as the C language and uses most of the same operators.
	www.apl.jhu.edu /Misc/Unix-info/shells/c_shell.html (2156 words)

	C# does Shell, Part 1 - The Code Project - C# Programming
		I'll be honest with you, this part has little fun in it, but it is essential that some aspects of the shell programming using C# will be clear before moving to the real stuff.
		Extending the shell means that you can put your own menu commands on the context menu when you right click a file in the explorer (WinZip does it, allowing you to select files and compress them from the explorer).
		That's nice, the return value is a PIDL to the selected shell item (remember, can be a file, folder or a virtual folder), later in the class we will see how we return the display name of the selected PIDL.
	www.codeproject.com /csharp/csdoesshell1.asp (6824 words)

	Working in the Shell Environment - computing.vt.edu
		Since the Korn Shell provides both compatibility with the Bourne shell and interactive capabilities analogous to those of the C shell, it is commonly the shell of choice on the systems where it is available.
		The alias command is required when using the C Shell to reset the prompt when you change into a new directory.
		The command "set" is used to assign a value to a C Shell variable in the local environment; "setenv" is used to assign a value to a C Shell variable in the global environment, i.e., the current environment and all future processes generated from this shell.
	computing.vt.edu /infrastructure_services/vtaix/shell.html (4090 words)

	csh -- C Shell, a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax
		Of the variables referred to by the C Shell, a number are toggles; that is, the shell does not care what their value is, only whether they are set or not.
		A command receives the environment where the C Shell was invoked as modified by the input-output parameters and the presence of the command in a pipeline.
		As the shell searches each directory in the search path, it appends each of the extensions in the list, in turn, to the command name and if it matches a file name in that directory, that file is executed as though it had that extension.
	www.mkssoftware.com /docs/man1/csh.1.asp (7600 words)

	Shells and Shell Scripts
		A Unix shell is a command language interpreter, the primary purpose of which is to translate command lines typed at a terminal into system actions.
		Although there are several different Unix shells, among them the C shell (csh), the Bourne shell and the Korn shell, the one most frequently used on Blake within Berkeley UNIX is the C shell.
		The shell has some built-in functions, which it performs directly, but most commands that you enter cause the shell to execute programs that are external to the shell.
	www.washington.edu /computing/unix/shell.html (1492 words)

	Help Files: C Shell: Internals
		The C Shell recognizes a large variety of characters and constructs as having special meanings and substitutes other words in their place.
		The whole point of the shell is to run programs other than itself, such as "vi", "cc", "troff", etc. Occasionally there is a need for a command that the shell can perform internally, that is, without locating a program file or creating another process.
		While the C shell is waiting for the child (only on 4.1 or 4.2 BSD Unix) you can type ^Z to wakeup the parent and freeze the child for the time being.
	www.decf.berkeley.edu /help/unix/csh/internals.html (2188 words)

	Why Shell Programming?
		A working knowledge of shell scripting is essential to anyone wishing to become reasonably proficient at system administration, even if they do not anticipate ever having to actually write a script.
		Getting even a limited subset of the functionality to work in a shell script is often a useful first stage in project development.
		Shell scripting hearkens back to the classic UNIX philosophy of breaking complex projects into simpler subtasks, of chaining together components and utilities.
	www.tldp.org /LDP/abs/html/why-shell.html (740 words)

	C Shell Commands
		Interrupts continue to be ignored by the shell and all invoked commands.
		When the C shell determines that a command is not a built-in shell command, it attempts to run the command with the
		If there is an alias for the shell, then the words of the alias are prefixed to the argument list to form the shell command.
	www.unet.univie.ac.at /aix/aixuser/usrosdev/c_shell_cmds.htm (3977 words)

	The Shell
		Your login shell is also a process, created for you upon logging in and existing until you logout.
		A pipe is used by the shell to connect the stdout of one command directly to the stdin of another command.
		A number of shell variables are predefined by the shell itself or inherited from the system environment.
	www.cis.rit.edu /class/simg211/unixintro/Shell.html (2339 words)

	Shell Programming
		Ch Shell (ch) is a C compatible shell; C Shell (csh) is a C-like shell.
		Shell programming with scripts is effective to automate repetitive tasks such as system administration, regression test, and rapid prototyping.
		Ch is a true VHLL for programming while it retains the shell features such as command-line editing, completion, history, aliases etc. When Ch is used in a single command mode, most features of Ch are the same as conventional Unix shells such as Bourne shell, C shell, and Korn shell, and MS-DOS shell in Windows.
	www.softintegration.com /docs/ch/shell (1309 words)

	Amazon.com: Unix C Shell Field Guide: Books: Gail Anderson,Paul Anderson (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Today, the C shell is not widely used because it has been superceded by other shells such as the Tenex C shell (tcsh), the Korn shell (ksh), and the GNU Bourne-Again shell (bash).
		The C shell's scripting capability came under criticism in the early-to-mid 1990s for its ambiguity, especially with respect to quoting and redirection.
		However, if you are a big fan of the C Shell or legacy code has forced you to deal with it, this is the definitive guide to it, even if it is 20 years old.
	www.amazon.com /Unix-C-Shell-Field-Guide/dp/013937468X (1427 words)

	Eskimo North: Shells - Game Hosting - E-mail Accounts
		Shell accounts are multi-purpose accounts that provide an e-mail box, file storage, shell access, facilities for web hosting, game hosting, program development, text processing, scheduled tasks, and many other capabilities.
		Secondary shell accounts are available as an adjunct to primary account registered to a customer at the same phone number.
		Secondary shell accounts provide an additional e-mail box, which may be accessed via pop3, imapd, webmail, or shell mail programs, and web space for additional family members or employees in the same physical location.
	www.eskimo.com /services/shells.html (657 words)

	Linux Shell Scripting Tutorial - A Beginner's handbook
		Shell script to determine whether given file exist or not.
		Shell script to print "Hello World" message, in Bold, Blink effect, and in different colors like red, brown etc.
		Shell script to gathered useful system information such as CPU, disks, Ram and your environment etc.
	www.cyberciti.biz /nixcraft/linux/docs/uniqlinuxfeatures/lsst (331 words)

	Unix Shell Scripts
		In previous discussions we have talked about many of the facilities of the C shell, such as command aliasing, job control, etc. In addition, any collection of csh commands may be stored in a file, and csh can be invoked to execute the commands in that file.
		In Unix there are several shells that can be used, the C shell (csh and its extension, the T C shell tcsh), the Bourne Shell (sh and its extensions the Bourne Again Shell bash and the highly programmable Korn shell ksh) being the more commonly used.
		Values of shell variable are all character-based: A value is formally defined to be a list of zero or more elements, and an element is formally defined to be a character string.
	heather.cs.ucdavis.edu /~matloff/UnixAndC/Unix/CShellII.html (1371 words)

	Help Files: C Shell: Expression Syntax
		An expression is a group of words (numbers, strings, and operators separated by spaces) which the C shell replaces by a single number, called its value.
		In particular, when the C shell produces a value of zero (false), the next group of commands is not done; otherwise it is done.
		Evaluation means asking the question "Is it true that expression?", where expression is a statement or assertion phrased in C Shell terms.
	www.decf.berkeley.edu /help/unix/csh/expressions.html (743 words)

	Chris F.A. Johnson's Unix Shell Scripting (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The shell referred to in these pages is always a Bourne-type shell; that is, a shell whose syntax is based on
		A POSIX shell is a Bourne shell with a number of extensions (which are mostly derived from the Korn Shell).
		Some will run in a Bourne shell, and those that will not should not be hard to convert (in the unlikely event that you find it necessary).
	cfaj.freeshell.org /shell (404 words)

	Unix C Shell Interface
		The shell is a command interpreter and it is your interface to the UNIX operating system.
		When you log in to the system, a shell is started to receive your commands.
		There are many shells to choose from, all with different features and enhancements.
	www.cs.umaine.edu /~www-adm/docs/unixdoc/node48.html (122 words)

	A Brief Introduction To C Shell Variables and The Unix ``Dot'' Files
		When you issue a command to the shell, the shell will search through various directories to find the executable file for that command, so that the command can be run.
		For example, when you first log in, your initial C shell is started, and this file read and its commands executed.
		So you can see that the C shell can be regarded as a programming language.
	heather.cs.ucdavis.edu /~matloff/UnixAndC/Unix/CShellI.html (1036 words)

	UNIX Shell Script Tutorials & Reference
		The real reason why the C Shell is so popular is that it is usually selected as the default login shell for most users.
		A shell script, in its most basic form, is simply a collection of operating system commands put into a text file in the order they are needed for execution.
		Using any of the shells mentioned so far, a text file containing the commands listed in Example basic shell script would work every time the script was executed.
	www.injunea.demon.co.uk /pages/page203.htm (1618 words)

	C_SHELL - C Shell Script Examples
		A C Shell script is usually stored in a file whose extension is.csh.
		which guarantees, no matter what shell you are running, that the commands in the script will be processed by the C Shell.
		You can make your own, but you must keep in mind that the C Shell doesn't have a"less than" relation, nor does it have an easy way to generate all integers from 10 to 25, say.
	www.csit.fsu.edu /~burkardt/examples/c_shell/c_shell.html (491 words)

	oreilly.com -- Online Catalog: Learning the Korn Shell
		This Nutshell Handbook(R) is a thorough introduction to the Korn shell, both as a user interface and as a programming language.
		The Korn shell is also faster; several of its features allow you to write programs that execute more quickly than their Bourne or C shell equivalents.
		Learning the Korn Shell is an ideal resource for many UNIX users and programmers, including software developers who want to "prototype" their designs, system administrators who want to write tools for their own use, and even novices who just want to use some of ksh's more advanced interactive features.
	www.oreilly.com /catalog/korn (818 words)

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