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Topic: COPD

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Cirrhosis

Lifestyle diseases

Heart disease

Diabetes mellitus

PFT

Atherosclerosis

Respiratory therapy

Shortness of breath

Vital capacity

Cancer

Respiratory tract

Cystic fibrosis

Osteoporosis

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	What Is COPD?
		COPD develops slowly, and it may be many years before you notice symptoms like feeling short of breath.
		COPD is a major cause of death and illness, and it is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and throughout the world.
		COPD is not contagious—you cannot catch it from someone else.
	www.nhlbi.nih.gov /health/dci/Diseases/Copd/Copd_WhatIs.html (349 words)

	COPD - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an umbrella term for a group of respiratory tract diseases that are characterized by airflow obstruction or limitation.
		COPD can also be caused by prolonged exposure to certain dusty environments.
		COPD is also characterized by exacerbations which typically present with a rapid progression of the chronic symptoms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/COPD (1056 words)

	C.O.P.D. - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
		In most cases, COPD is a sneaky disease, you sow the seeds of it when you first start to smoke, and you nurture it by continuing to smoke.
		COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, alone is now the fourth leading cause of death in the USA, accounting for at least 110,000 deaths and costing the United States 23.9 billion dollars or more per year.
		COPD is a disease that is among the top four killers of Americans, yet few have ever heard of it.
	copd.20m.com (884 words)

	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Texas Heart Institute Heart Information Center
		Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of the lungs.
		In fact, COPD is the fourth most common cause of death in the United States and Canada.
		COPD is actually a group of lung conditions, most often emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
	texasheart.org /HIC/Topics/Cond/COPD.cfm (1017 words)

	COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - Patient UK
		COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a general term which includes the conditions chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
		A flare-up (exacerbation) of COPD is one of the commonest reasons for admission to hospital.
		COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): At Your Fingertips
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/23068705 (1614 words)

	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Fact Sheet - American Lung Association site
		COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in America, claiming the lives of 122,283 Americans in 2003 and the number of women dying from the disease has surpassed the number seen in men.
		Other risk factors of COPD include air pollution, second-hand smoke, history of childhood respiratory infections and heredity. Occupational exposure to certain industrial pollutants also increases the odds for COPD. A recent study found that the fraction of COPD attributed to work was estimated as 19.2% overall and 31.1% among never smokers.
		None of the existing medications for COPD has been shown to modify the long-term decline in lung function that is the hallmark of this disease. ; Therefore, the goal of pharmacotherapy for COPD is to provide relief of symptoms and prevent complications and/or progression of the disease with a minimum of side effects.
	www.lungusa.org /site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=35020 (2021 words)

	eMedicine - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease : Article by Sat Sharma, MD, FRCPC, FACP, FCCP, DABSM
		COPD is currently the fourth leading cause of death in the United States.
		COPD is defined as a disease state characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction due to chronic bronchitis or emphysema.
		In patients with COPD, chronic infection or colonization of the lower airways is common from Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic373.htm (9406 words)

	COPD webpage
		Sometimes it is difficult to differentiate between COPD and chronic severe asthma, and patients with mild to moderate disease may not be identified as suffering from COPD.
		In the western world, COPD is probably the fourth commonest cause of death in middle aged to elderly men after ischaemic heart disease, lung cancer and cerebrovascular disease.
		COPD is not such an obvious killer like lung cancer and therefore receives a less emotive response.
	www.priory.com /cmol/copd.htm (439 words)

	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Index - PulmonologyChannel
		According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 75% of deaths from COPD that occur in developed countries are directly related to smoking tobacco.
		COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States.
		Tobacco use is the number one risk factor for COPD and heavy smokers are at greatest risk.
	www.pulmonologychannel.com /copd (533 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Symposium: Management of COPD
		COPD is estimated to affect at least 15 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States (4).
		COPD occurs predominantly in current and former cigarette smokers, and the risk of disease is associated with the intensity and duration of smoking (5,6).
		Guidelines for early identification and management of COPD, including appropriate spirometry screening and tracking guidelines for asymptomatic and high-risk patients, are currently being developed by a panel of COPD experts under the auspices of several government and professional organizations.
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/1998/04_98/ferg.htm (4388 words)

	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Lung and Airway Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition
		COPD affects men more often than women and is more often fatal in men, although there has been a recent increase in the rate of deaths in women.
		COPD is also more often fatal in whites than in nonwhites and in blue-collar workers than in white-collar workers.
		COPD leads to chronic airflow obstruction, which is defined as a persistent decrease in the rate of airflow through the lungs when the person breathes out (exhales).
	www.merck.com /mmhe/sec04/ch045/ch045a.html (2901 words)

	The Lung Disease COPD: Cigarette Smoking and Other Risks
		COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a progressive lung disease that affects over sixteen million Americans, or eleven percent of the nation's population.
		COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, with approximately 120,000 COPD deaths reported annually.
		COPD may also be caused by a genetic condition: alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
	www.about-copd.com /index.php3 (516 words)

	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Online References For Health Concerns
		However, because COPD is an inflammatory disease in which sufferers are subjected to high levels of oxidative stress, high doses of antioxidants and natural anti-inflammatories may be able to slow the disease’s progression and reduce the amount of prescription medication needed.
		COPD is a variable condition, with some patients having more symptoms of emphysema, such as breathlessness and “air hunger,” while others manifest more symptoms of chronic bronchitis or asthma, such as wheezing and air trapping (Kasper DL et al 2005).
		COPD should be considered in any individual with a chronic cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, or risk factors such as tobacco use, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, or occupational exposure to dust and chemicals.
	www.lef.org /protocols/prtcl-046.shtml (3579 words)

	Learn about Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		COPD is a common lung disease that obstructs the airways, making breathing difficult.
		COPD cannot be cured, but effective treatment is available that helps patients feel better and slows the damage to the lungs.
		Medicines for COPD include bronchodilators to control symptoms, influenza vaccines to prevent infections, and inhaled steroids to reduce the inflammation in the lungs.
	www.uscopd.com /patientinfo/patientinfo.htm (398 words)

	The COPD Foundation news center
		Unlike asthma, COPD is associated with a cascade of decline that leads to a diminished quality of life.
		The COPD Foundation was founded to provide a variety of services to persons who are affected by COPD, whether they are sufferers, caregivers, health professionals, or family and friends.
		The mission of the COPD Foundation is to develop and support programs, which improve the quality of life for persons whose lives are impacted by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through research, education, public awareness, early diagnosis and enhanced therapy.
	www.copdfoundation.org /news.htm (2221 words)

	WHO \| COPD: Definition
		COPD is a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.
		A diagnosis of COPD should be considered in any patient who has symptoms of cough, sputum production, or dyspnea (difficult or labored breathing), and/or a history of exposure to risk factors for the disease.
		A low peak flow is consistent with COPD, but may not be specific to COPD because it can be caused by other lung diseases and by poor performance during testing.
	www.who.int /respiratory/copd/definition/en (193 words)

	COPD: Facts About COPD \| CDC APRHB (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		COPD is a leading cause of death, illness, and disability in the United States.
		In the United States, a history of currently or formerly smoking is the risk factor most often linked to COPD, and the increase in the number of women smoking over the past half-century is mirrored in the increase in COPD rates among women.
		The decreases in rates of mild and moderate COPD in both men and women aged 25-54 in the past quarter century reflect the decrease in overall smoking rates in the United States since the 1960s.
	www.cdc.gov /nceh/airpollution/copd/copdfaq.htm (711 words)

	Drug Development Technology - Ariflo (Cilomilast) Oral PDE-IV Inhibitor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
		Primarily smoking-related, COPD is a progressive disorder of the lungs characterised by airflow obstruction.
		Drugs which address the underlying tissue damage in COPD and prevent the progressive decline in lung function which is a hallmark of this disease are urgently needed.
		COPD is a progressive disorder of the lungs characterised by airflow obstruction.
	www.drugdevelopment-technology.com /projects/ariflo (896 words)

	COPD
		Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, a major cause of death throughout the world, and the third leading cause for disability in the United States.
		COPD is a very serious disease but it is not an immediate death sentence.
		However, the degree of acceptance of the affliction and degree to which the COPD patient involves himself or herself in their care will greatly affect the quality of life and ability to cope with the disease.
	www.2ndwind.org /diseases/copd.htm (828 words)

	Acetaminophen May Boost Risk of COPD, Study Suggests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		After measuring the rate of acetaminophen usage in the NHAMES III study and comparing it to the incidence of COPD cases, McKeever and her colleagues found that "increased use of acetaminophen had a positive-dose-dependent association with COPD and an inverse association with lung function." (Lung function decreased with higher doses of acetaminophen).
		McKeever's group determined that neither aspirin nor ibuprofen use were associated with the prevalence of asthma or COPD in the study population.
		COPD is not contagious-you cannot catch it from someone else.
	www.pph-net.org /news/pph-news-0073.htm (1544 words)

	What is COPD?
		Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, is an umbrella term for two respiratory illnesses -- chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema.[
		In technical terms, COPD is a slowly progressive disease that is characterized by a decrease in the ability of the lungs to maintain the body's oxygen supply and remove carbon dioxide.[
		Lawn mowing that a COPD patient might have finished in 40 minutes only a year ago may now take an hour to do.
	www.aarc.org /klein (247 words)

	COPD
		And because people with COPD are especially prone to lung infection, they need to be vigilant about antibiotics and flu shots.
		The only surefire way to identify COPD is with a C.T. scan, but few insurance companies cover such an expensive test for a symptom-free patient.
		So while there's still no cure in sight for COPD and while folks like Bernard Regeth won't ever get back to their old selves, they have more options than ever for keeping the illness from completely destroying their lives.
	healthandenergy.com /copd.htm (1207 words)

	Promoting COPD research, education, public awareness, and early diagnosis.
		The COPD Foundation was founded to provide a variety of services to persons who are affected by COPD, whether they are sufferers, care givers, health professionals, or family and friends.
		The COPD Foundation's activities serve educational, charitable and scientific purposes to help serve this large patient community.
		The mission of the COPD Foundation is to develop and support programs, which improve the quality of life for persons whose lives are impacted by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease through:
	www.copdfoundation.org (170 words)

	Clinical Trials for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) describes a chronic state of airway obstruction in the lungs.
		COPD is associated with a number of respiratory disorders, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
		COPD is a serious disease: it is listed as the fourth leading cause of death in the United States.
	www.copd-clinical-trials.com /html/workplace-and-copd.php3 (212 words)

	eMedicine - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Emphysema : Article by Paul Kleinschmidt, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Most of the time COPD is secondary to tobacco abuse, although cystic fibrosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, bronchiectasis, and some rare forms of bullous lung diseases may be causes as well.
		Each case of COPD is unique in the blend of processes; however, 2 main types of the disease are recognized.
		Note that only 10-15% of all patients with COPD have a true reversible (ie, bronchospastic) component; however, because predicting response is impossible on presentation, all patients should be treated with aggressive bronchodilator therapy.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic99.htm (4964 words)

	COPD
		COPD affects approximately 30 million Americans and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States.
		COPD is an umbrella term for diseases that restrict the flow of air out of the lungs.
		Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the primary COPD diseases.
	www.breathing.com /articles/copd.htm (2248 words)

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