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	CP/M - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		CP/M is an operating system created for Intel 8080/85 and Zilog Z80 based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc.
		CP/M's command line interface, implemented in the CCP (Command Control Processor), was patterned after the operating systems from Digital Equipment, such as RSTS/E for the PDP-11.
		The best selling CP/M capable system of all time was probably the Commodore 128, although few people actually used its CP/M abilities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/CP/M_operating_system (1651 words)

	The Online Software Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Developing and debugging an operating system is a tough job, and it always takes longer than you thought it would (probably because if you were realistic about estimating the true time and effort it will take, you wouldn't have the heart to begin).
		The entire operating system took only 8K of the computer's memory, and would run in a mere 16K of total memory with room left over for any of its system development utilities to run.
		And it was the applications that moved this operating system out of the realm of the computer enthusiasts and into the hands of "real users" (people who don't care if their computers are powered by hamsters, so long as they run their necessary applications reliably).
	www.sysun.com /museum/cpmhist.html (1580 words)

	CP/M operating system : CPM operating system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A surgeon does not spend all day, every day, with his gloves on, even arranging for operations; he can find time to see patients, tell funny stories to them, but all the time he is watching them.
		The lawyer when talking to his client congregation, is just as truly a clergyman,--the sermon on Sunday lawyer's speech to the jury is the point to which all his efforts a patient.html">patient is the post climax of the nurse.html">nurse.html">nurse.html">nurse's undertaking.
		The eaten at a table instead of in solitude from a tray, the luxury when one has been nursing a critically-ill patient, and the nurse's nerves, strained to their utmost, can regain their the nurse is not so great a weight, and the knowledge of one.
	www.termsdefined.net /cp/cpm-operating-system.html (936 words)

	GEM
		GEM is known primarily as the GUI for the Atari ST series of computers, and somewhat less well known as the operating system for a series of PC-like computers from Amstrad.
		GSX consisted of two parts: a selection of routines for common drawing operations, and the device drivers that are responsible for handling the actual output (the later was known as GDOS, a play on the earlier driver-layer in in CP/M known as BDOS).
		The resulting OS was called TOS by Atari, and was the operating system for the Atari ST.
	www.fastload.org /ge/GEM.html (1481 words)

	LNW-CP/M OPERATING SYSTEM
		LNW-CP/M Disk system permits both single and double density, 5 and/or 8 inch disks, however, it is a double density environment and system disks have to be double density.
		When the system reboots (at the termination of the submit), this command file is read by the CCP as a source of input rather than the console.
		It will generate the system tracks configured for the target diskette, from the system diskette presumed to be in drive A. If the target diskette is drive A, then the user will be prompted for the correct disk to be inserted.
	www.xs4all.nl /~fjkraan/comp/LNW/cpm/lnwcpm.html (9785 words)

	Gary Kildall's Later Work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The success of Gary Kildall’s CP/M operating system for many years during the 1970s established his reputation as a key player in the development of computers.
		According to David Raymond, he became an alcoholic after his losses in the operating system market, dressed up as a biker, and met a group of real bikers in a biker bar.
		Kildall will always be credited as the inspiration for the modern operating system, the creator of BIOS, and the one who could have been great.
	www.rit.edu /~zap3531/courses/320/project2/later.html (607 words)

	AND HERE'S . . . CP/M (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An operating system can be defined as a set of instructions (program) to control fundamental internal computer activity, such as accessing memory, controlling peripherals, etc.
		CP/M is the most popular operating system and has reached the status of a de facto standard in the microcomputer industry.
		We must understand that the work an operating system does is very necessary but often very invisible.
	www.chips.navy.mil /archives/82_jul/file2.htm (279 words)

	Untitled Document
		That concept is the basis for any operating system, and it enables computers that are very different in hardware to run the same programs.
		The chart below shows the memory map of a CP/M system: the first 256 bytes (100 hexadecimal) are used as a scratchpad by the operating system.
		Directly after the system tracks, a fixed number of sectors are reserved for use as the directory of the disk.
	www.dcast.vbox.co.uk /cpm.html (2193 words)

	From backyard to big time; the history of CP-M.
		Because these firms manufactured "add-on" components that could be used on virtually any system, owners of Altairs, Vectors, Polys, and others did not have to wait for the manufacturers of their computers to get around to producing drives.
		CP/M-80 was one of the few operating systems that could run on just about any 8080- or Z80-based microcomputer, and was not restricted to one type of disk drive.
		From the modest beginnings of CP/M, it has become the most widely used operating system for microcomputers (and possibly for all computers if number of installations are counted instead of number of users).
	www.atarimagazines.com /creative/v9n11/206_From_backyard_to_big_time.php (2497 words)

	CP/M (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		CP/M (Control Program/Monitor or, probably backronym'ed, -/Microcomputer) was an operating system for Intel 8080/85 and Zilog Z80 based microcomputers.
		The best-selling CP/M system of all time was probably the Commodore 128, although few people actually used its CP/M capabilities.
		They purchased a CP/M clone known as QDOS, and used it to create PC-DOS/MS-DOS which went on to become the "official" PC operating system.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/cp_m (928 words)

	MFDigital CD DVD Information Library: August 2004
		Before the advent of the hard drive for PCs, floppy disks were often used to store a computer's operating system (OS), application software, and other data.
		One unsuccessful attempt in the late 1990s to continue the floppy was the SuperDisk (LS120) with a capacity of 120 MB while the drive was backward compatible with standard 3½-inch floppies.
		The new system used a different recording format that stored up to 256 KB on the same disks, and was read-write.
	www.mfdigital.com /2004_08_01_library-archive.html (1791 words)

	CP/M Welt [de]
		When you add ZCPR3, you get an operating system that is compatible with CP/M programs (with a very few exceptions) but is more powerful and more flexible than CP/M ever was.
		The CP/M operating system is divided into three parts: the CCP (console command processor), BDOS (basic disk operating system) and BIOS (basic input/output system).
		A standard CP/M operating system uses about 9K out of your total 64K of RAM (random access memory), leaving about 55K for programs to run in.
	www.cpmwelt.de /pool/ae3501.htm (1479 words)

	ST Product News: Printmaster, Rhythm, Hacker, Hippospell,CP/M Operating System emulator, Turbo Pascal, ST Colourspace, ...
		Operating the program is a joy for both the novice and the seasoned veteran.
		CP/M, one of the earliest microcomputer operating systems, is used by the Osbome, Kaypro and other computers.
		The developer claims Micro RTX can run standard ST programs out of the box, be used as a printer spooler, or allow a user to run a bulletin board and use the computer for a separate task at the same time.
	www.atarimagazines.com /v5n3/ProductNews.html (3230 words)

	Digital Research - SPA Award to Gary Kildall
		Years ahead of its competitors, DRI introduced operating systems with windowing capability, pre-emptive multi-tasking, and menu-driven user interfaces.
		Kildall also created the first microprocessor operating system, CP/M, which eventually sold a quarter-million copies, becoming one of the highest-selling operating systems in its time.
		Kildall isolated the system-specific hardware interfaces of his operating system within a set of "basic I/O system" routines, so applications code would be fully machine independent.
	www.digitalresearch.biz /kildallr.htm (494 words)

	* CP/M - (Computing): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The operating systems have undergone a tremendous development since 1981.
		It all started with DOS, which was a 16 bit modification of a simple 8 bit operating system called CP/M...
		TOS went through several revisions starting initially as a derivative of {CP/M}, but developing into a remarkably complete and flexible operating system...
	www.bestknows.com /computing/cp_m.html (271 words)

	Finfacts Ireland Business News Service : Gary Kindall, Bill Gates & PC Operating System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Kindall had a computer PhD and created the first personal computer operating system, CP/M. His insight was that by creating an operating system separate from the hardware, applications could run on computers that were made by different manufacturers.
		The CP/M operating system had sold well and IBM, the worldâs then biggest computer company was looking for a system for its planned Personal Computer.
		Gates was aware of an operating system called QDOS, which had been developed by a fellow Seattle resident named Tim Paterson.
	www.finfacts.ie /blog/2004/10/gary-kindall-bill-gates-pc-operating.html (438 words)

	Untitled Document
		CP/M was the first operating system for microcomputers in general use.
		Because CP/M was one of the very first operating systems, working on minimal hardware, it is very easy to understand.
		To the left is an early advert from Godbout, who became known as the king of the S-100 system builders.
	www.dcast.vbox.co.uk /cpm_over.html (1569 words)

	comp.os.cpm Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
		You will discover that these systems may not be amenable to using IBM PC stuff, that they may need 8-inch floppy drives, that these systems may not support hard drives.
		While CFX will operate on standard ASCII files, its main strength is its ability to access files stored with the special archiving and compression methods native to the CP/M operating system.
		A notible system of the era was the Heath\Zenith Z-100, a dual processor 8085/8088 system that could run CP/M 80, CP/M 86 and MS-DOS: and very similar to the popular Compupro 8\16 system.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/CPM-faq (9954 words)

	[No title]
		Apple's successful demonstration that a desktop system could be both powerful and easy to use, and its attempt to migrate Lisa Technology features to its newer computers, should be considered a feather in the hats of all participants in the Lisa adventure.
		The AGS operated in parallel to the PGNCS in the LEM (Lunar Excursion Module,) and provided independent position, velocity, attitude, and steering information; it could verify navigation data while the LEM was behind the moon and fled out from ground control, and first exercised this capability during the Apollo 9 and 10 circumlunar missions.
		During this time, HP largely abandoned proprietary operating systems and applications for micros, so that (for example) the 125's operating system is CP/M, its BASIC/125 is modified MS-BASIC, and its WORD/125 is a custom version of Lexisoft's popular CP/M word processor, Spellbinder.
	www.chac.org /engine-ascii/engv2n1.txt (18294 words)

	A SURVEY OF CP/M ON SHARP COMPUTERS
		Ten years ago, things were different; CP/M was the standard operating system for all Z80-based computers; in practice that meant every serious business micro you could name, except for the Apple.
		Crystal Research of Torquay devised a ‘fix‘ for the ROM problem and wrote a 46K CP/M system for the MZ-80K which, initially, was designed for the MZ-80K‘s 40-column screen.
		They not only produced a reliable and friendly system, they also increased the capacity per disk, from Sharp‘s original figure of 286K, to 350K (and that was done using Sharp‘s 35-track drives - on 40-track drives it would have been 400K).
	www.sharpmz.org /succpminfo01.htm (1934 words)

	California Digital - cp/m
		Gary Kildall authored CP/M, the operating system that launched the micro computer.
		CP/M was the most recognized microcomputer disk operating system in the world.
		There are still thousands of systems operating under CP/M. Original Digital Research price was $259.
	www.cadigital.com /software.htm (188 words)

	Gary Kildall
		Before the development of the IBM PC and the dominance of MS-DOS, almost all personal computers ran on CP/M, Kildall's operating system.
		In 1980 Kildall rejected an offer from IBM to license his operating system to run the new IBM PC.
		Instead, IBM bought a simple operating system from Bill Gates for $50,000, ensuring Microsoft's future prosperity.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/kildall_gary.htm (71 words)

	A Potted History of WordStar
		Rob Barnaby worked on enhancements to the CP/M operating system, adding file buffering to allow files that were larger than the computer's memory to be edited, and other useful and much needed functions.
		The actual port was done by a group of Irish programmers using Intel development systems, which ran the ISIS II operating system.
		WordStar 4 was to be the last version made for the venerable CP/M operating system, which had dramatically declined in popularity following the introduction of the IBM PC and its MS-DOS operating system.
	www.wordstar.org /wordstar/history/history.htm (6861 words)

	USATODAY.com - Programmer sues author over role in Microsoft history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		SEATTLE (AP) — The programmer generally credited with building the basis for Microsoft's landmark computer operation system has sued an author who alleges the software was simply a "rip-off" of another man's work.
		Microsoft subsequently introduced the graphical Windows operating system, now found on more than 90% of the world's desktop computers.
		Evans, the former president and publisher of Random House and editorial director and vice chairman of U.S. News and World Report, told the P-I that the intent of his writing was to "correct history" on what role Kildall played as a software pioneer.
	www.usatoday.com /tech/news/2005-03-02-ms-coding-dis_x.htm (471 words)

	CP/M Operating System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		CP/M like MS-DOS is only an operating system acording to the loosest definition of such.
		It basically consists of a set of routines for doing basic I/O functions on the machines hardware (to add a certain degree of software portability across differing hardware) and a set of programs for loading and executing software, and to provide an interface to the user.
		This meant that the constraints on the systems were the actual ones built into the specific hardware, rather than those of the original hardware i.e.
	www.concentric.net /~Alxevans/cpm.html (215 words)

	Suit may revise chapter on tech history: Origins of MS-DOS
		Tim Paterson, the programmer widely credited for the software that became Microsoft's landmark operating system, MS-DOS, filed a defamation suit this week against prominent historian and author Harold Evans and the publishers of his book, "They Made America," released last year.
		Among other things, the chapter dismisses as myth the legendary story in which Kildall is said to have missed a chance to sell his operating system to IBM because he decided to go flying.
		What's not in dispute is that Microsoft and a young Bill Gates were able to strike a deal instead, providing the operating system for IBM's early PC and launching a pivotal era for what has since become the world's largest software company.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /business/214196_paterson02.html (1032 words)

	Code: Annotated Bibliography
		Although most number systems throughout history have indeed been based on ten (as I assert in this chapter), one significant exception is the sexagesimal (base 60) system of the ancient Babylonians.
		Through the ancient Greeks, then Arabic and Latin translations of Greek texts, the sexagesimal system has retained a strong influence on Western culture, and is responsible for our notions of 360 (6 times 60) degrees in a circle, 60 minutes in a degree (or hour), and 60 seconds in a minute.
		Prior to the invention of the computer, most people who felt that humans should abandon the decimal system for something else favored the duodecimal (base twelve) system, primarily because twelve is divisible by two, three, four, and six.
	www.charlespetzold.com /code/CodeBibliography.html (7617 words)

	Apple CP/M (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		What is meant by Apple CP/M? In short, Apple CP/M means running the CP/M operating system on an Apple ][ or Apple ]I[ microcomputer.
		The Seven League Systems' CardZ180 is an HD64180-based card whose design was inspired by that of the AppliCard.
		A hybrid approach was taken by ALS with their ``The CP/M Card'', which was co-developed with Digital Research, Inc. (DRI), the maker of CP/M. ``The CP/M Card'' was designed to run DRI's new CP/M Plus (v3.0) operating system that required 128K of RAM instead of just 64K.
	www.mylinuxisp.com /~jdbaker/oldsite/SmallSys/AppleCPM.html (603 words)

	Talk:CP/M operating system : Talk:CPM operating system < Talk:CP[?] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The "pip" command (indeed standing for "Peripheral Interchange Program") was the swiss army knife of CP/M -- it could do copys, moves, and several other file operations.
		It was designed to know all about the various peripherals (hence the name) and how to copy, etc. to each of them.
		Why not simply CP/M? We don't have to my knowledge any convension that says put operating system to all of articles of operating system.
	www.termsdefined.net /ta/talk:cpm-operating-system.html (447 words)

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