
	Where results make sense

Topic: CsCl

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	CSCL Theories
		Though, each CSCL software may have different functions, one general characteristic is to promote reflection and inquiry that assist the in-depth learning.
		Collaborative discussion occuring in CSCL is important for student learning because it activates prior knowledge which facilitates the processing of new information.
		CSCL is designed to help students at acquiring cognitive and metacognitive knowledge by means of observation and guided practice(Collins et al, 1989).
	www.edb.utexas.edu /csclstudent/Dhsiao/theories.html (4765 words)

	cscl
		Although the abbreviation CSCL a few years ago also was used about 'cooperative learning', today most educators use the abbreviation in the sense of 'collaborative learning' because the two terms denote different actvities.
		CSCL focuses on 'learning' but says very little about the actvities or the medium that may be used to bring about learning.
		As this paper primarily deals with CSCL related to educators and learners in educational institutions, the presentation of ways to collaborate is restricted to that scope.
	www.iu.hio.no /~olavt/lektor/CSCL/abstractcscl.php (4611 words)

	Epistemological Foundations for CSCL: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		CSCL is based on the idea that computer applications can scaffold and implement advanced socio-cognitive processes for knowledge sharing and knowledge building.
		Fjuk and Ludvigsen (2001) argued that the educational implications of CSCL can be understood only by extending the unit of analysis from technology and pedagogy to those social contexts in which CSCL is used.
		Success of CSCL experiments has, however, usually been constrained by various organizational (i.e., content of the curriculum, boundaries between classrooms as well as between domains of knowledge), pedagogical (prevailing practices of learning and instruction), and epistemological (fact-centred educational epistemology and knowledge-delivery orientation) factors (e.g., Hakkarainen, Lipponen and Järvelä, in press).
	newmedia.colorado.edu /cscl/228.html (6760 words)

	CSCL '99 Conference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		CSCL 2002 will be held in Boulder, Colorado from January 7-11, 2002.
		CSCL '99 is the third international conference devoted to the exploration of the roles for technology in collaborative forms of learning and teaching.
		CSCL '99 topics include all tool designs, theoretical contributions, and empirical studies which advance support for collaborative learning.
	sll.stanford.edu /projects/CSCL99 (564 words)

	CSCL '99 Submission Format Example
		The agreed educational expectation to Distributed CSCL is the establishment of flexible, collaborative and interactive learning processes of good quality (Kaye, 1994).
		The agreed educational expectation within Distributed CSCL (1) is design and delivery of flexible collaborative and interactive learning processes of good quality (Kaye, 1994).
		In sum, we could say that the general learning principle in the model of Bateson is that "you should always relate yourself to yourself, while you relate to something", and that the learning achieved changes all the time, because the frame (or context) within which it happens, changes.
	www.hum.aau.dk /~eks/vu/intellectualamplification (3902 words)

	paper1
		This paper argues that standard evaluation methods for CSCL are required and examines possible evaluation criteria from two perspectives: those criteria by which theorists advocate evaluation and those by which potential users would like it to be evaluated.
		Similarly, developers of new CSCL systems will want to know which approach will be best suited to their project and what, if any, standard sets of requirements exist.
		The effects of CSCL cannot be measured along a single variable (Salomon 1995); rather, a chain reaction occurs in which each event gives meaning to the next.
	www.bton.ac.uk /cscl/jtap/paper1.htm (4956 words)

	The Sociability of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Environments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		There appear to be two major pitfalls impeding achievement of the desired social interaction in CSCL environments: taking social interaction in groups for granted and the lack of attention paid to the social psychological dimension of social interaction outside of the task context.
		Intelligent CSCL environments promise to be more cost-effective since there are less educators and instructors needed or their involvement in the education process is reduced.
		The reciprocal relationship between the DLG member and the CSCL environment: On the one hand, the social intentions of the member must be fulfilled by the CSCL environment as soon as these intentions arise or the opportunity for a meaningful episode of interactivity is lost.
	ifets.ieee.org /periodical/vol_1_2002/kreijns.html (6820 words)

	ET&S [3 (3)] - Steps toward computer-supported collaborative learning for large classes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Pilot projects in CSCL at Bocconi University in Milan, Italy, during 1998/1999 were used to gauge the impact of such activities on teachers, students, and administrators in a university system which has traditionally been based on large classroom teaching and examination.
		Learning goals: We expected to be able to use CSCL to provide students with realistic and involving learning experiences to enhance their learning about the specific subject matter of the course and their development of skills in Internet and IT use.
		Student response to the CSCL project was gauged using a variety of formal and informal methods which complemented one another to provide a consistent and reliable picture of students' activities and course outcomes.
	ifets.ieee.org /periodical/vol_3_2000/d07.html (5711 words)

	CSCL2003 - Computer Support for Collaborative Learning 2003: Designing for Change in Networked Learning Environments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		CSCL 2003 is the fifth international CSCL conference and will be held in Bergen, Norway, on June 14-18, 2003.
		CSCL is a genuinely interdisciplinary field which strives to create a better understanding of collaborative learning that is mediated by a diverse set of computational technologies.
		The CSCL conference is a major international event that gathers people involved in all aspects of the field of CSCL, including research, education, training and technology extensions.
	www.intermedia.uib.no /cscl/welcome.cscl (196 words)

	CSCL Environments
		In order to develop a model or approach to designing CSCL environments that follows a systematic process it is important to begin with consideration of several unique factors of the CSCL environment, and the elements of typical collaborative instructional strategies that should be considered during the design process.
		Some instructional decisions to be made for a CSCL may relate to when and how to assign collaboration, what level of collaboration to seek, how to control the instructional strategy, and possibly how to utilize collaboration to provide student assessment and feedback to the tutor.
		The engineering and construction of CSCL environments must eventually be reduced to a reliable design approach in order for a sufficient number of CSCL environments to be developed to have a long-term effect on education and training.
	ldt.stanford.edu /~kblond/Interview/paper1.htm (3696 words)

	cscl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		CSCL does not typically replace teachers or lecture style teaching, but actually complements and reinforces that which is learned from the teacher and lectures.
		Organizational flexibility: the size of a CSCL can be as small as two students sitting next to each other to peers across networked machines anywhere they might be.
		CSCL is relatively new, more research and experiments are needed to determine the comparative advantages and effectiveness of CSCL vs. traditional teaching methods.
	renoir.vill.edu /~beck/csc8570/cscl/cscl.html (662 words)

	InterMedia, Universitetet i Oslo
		He notices that the notion of dealing with learning meta-data also is on the agenda in CSCL, and he express that it is interesting to look at new rich forms of indexing learning objects in archives to make them reusable and exchangeable.
		Koschmann extends his topic for one of the workshops at CSCL 2003 - microanalysis - and stresses that we need to be open to various ways at looking at data and thinking about collaboration and interaction.
		She is very engaged in the establishing of learning communities and sees it as important to participate in the CSCL community.
	www.intermedia.uio.no /cscl2003/videointerviews/index.html (570 words)

	The Standard - CSCL sets sights on parent's assets - Business Section
		Li denied that CSCL's ambitions to diversify were prompted by concerns about overcapacity in the industry and its possible impact on freight rates.
		Li said CSCL's capital spending, not including terminal acquisitions, would be 6.42 billion yuan (HK$6.16 billion), 28.1 billion yuan and 25.8 billion yuan respectively in the next three years.
		While freight rates could fall slightly, he said, CSCL is well-placed to weather the storm as its operating costs are relatively low compared with those of its international peers.
	www.thestandard.com.hk /stdn/std/Business/GH24Ae14.html (398 words)

	Paper2
		This paper reflects this process in its structure, beginning with a discussion on the means by which CSCL applications might be compared, going on to outline the nature of CSCL and the applications which were included in the study and then describing the emerging trends which were observed as a result of the comparison itself.
		On the issue of the nature of CSCL, a third group is emerging and for the purpose of this investigation it is their view to which I subscribe.
		It cannot, however, be used to interpret the quality of specific CSCL applications because frequencies were calculated by counting the occurrence of a specific attribute in CSCL applications of a particular type and then averaging the scores to account for uneven distribution in the numbers of applications of each type (tutorial, problem solving, simulation, etc.).
	www.bton.ac.uk /cscl/jtap/paper2.htm (6143 words)

	CSCL.bib
		The goal of this paper is to show the current trend of research on CSCL, showing that while recent studies tend to focus on the group as a unit of analysis, more recent studies showed that it is not possible to measure the effectiveness of group interaction per se.
		The authors, finally sketch three possible usage for this ontology: the definition and authoring of cscl environments; the analysis and identification of collaborative features and finally the guide and coach of cscl activities.
		Under these different aspect of CSCL we encounter firstly a variety of scales: from the number of people in the group to the amount of time spent during the interactions, the methodological approaches may be completely different.
	craftsrv1.epfl.ch /~cherubini/extranet/bib/CSCL.bib.html (8997 words)

	Welcome to the CSCL SIG — Kaleidoscope CSCL SIG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The CSCL SIG pulls together individual Kaleidoscope researchers with diverse interests to focus on understanding collaborative learning in different types for environments.
		During the 4 year Kaleidoscope period, the CSCL SIG has as its primary goal to structure the European Research Area of Computer Support for Collaborative Learning and to ensure its sustainability.
		CSCL SIG workshop: Analysis of interaction and learning, December 14-16, 2005, Gothenburg, read more about it here.
	cscl-sig.intermedia.uib.no (211 words)

	CSCL '99 Submission Format Example (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		As for the American course, some pedagogical aspects of the Global change course were evaluated using the pedagogical tools within the course itself, and the designers enjoyed the benefit of feedback from the Danish students on design, delivery and pedagogical techniques.
		The Danish course was one of three courses (and one project work) in a one year distributed CSCL university education program (within the Humanities) for high school teachers and for people from the educational system of organizations, on how to implement, in pedagogically reflected ways, ICT in different types of learning processes.
		If we assume, from a learning theoretical view that recognizes the specific value of the dimension of practice as an important parameter in learning, that "simulated practice" has a value comparable to physical practice, then simulation techniques must be stated to have great value (as simulated practice in a virtual, symbolic world).
	www.iitap.iastate.edu /takle/Dislearn.html (3919 words)

	CSCL - What’s in a Name
		Being a better established field, CSCW is usually seen as a 'big brother' to CSCL and certainly, the two fields have much in common and can benefit greatly from sharing their understandings of how technology can support group interaction.
		For this reason, in order to define CSCL, groupware which has not been designed specifically to support learning should be recognised as having educational applications, but distinguished from CSCL as being a separate, but related discipline.
		By embracing CSCL there is a very good chance that we can foster this ethos not just within our educational institutions but also between them, even extending it toward all learners, wherever they might be.
	www.bton.ac.uk /cscl/jtap/what_is.htm (1249 words)

	Euro CSCL - Research
		CSCL 2003, Jun. 14-18, 2003, InterMedia, University of Bergen and InterMedia, University of Oslo, Bergen, Norway.
		CSCL 2002, Jan. 7-11, 2002, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
		CSCL 1997, Dec. 10-14, 1997, Univ. of Toronto/OISE, Toronto, Canada.
	www.euro-cscl.org /Research (552 words)

	One of the basic requirements for education in the future is to prepare learners for participation in a networked, ...
		This result is certainly partly due to the novelty of the CSCL ideas in schools but it also indicates that the theoretical and practical principles of CSCL are still too immature to be widely applied in practical educational reforms.
		Although hundreds of papers on CSCL have been published during the last few years there have not been too many well controlled experiments, which could answer the questions concerning the wider applicability of CSCL in normal classrooms, and the added value of computers and networks in comparison to collaborative learning environments without technology.
		CSCL students were better at examining the ethical, environmental, and economic issues but not in applying their knowledge*
	etu.utu.fi /papers/clnet/clnetreport.html (17421 words)

	ECAI'04 workshop on AI in CSCL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		AI in Computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is an emerging paradigm for research in educational technology that integrates information, communication, and mediating technologies to support groups of learners that work together to achieve common goals.
		Supporting group learning requires an understanding of the collaborative learning process, which is shaped not only by the individual's ability, learning style, and motivation, but also the group members' individual behaviors, and the dynamics of their interaction.
		Although CSCL research area can benefit from the lessons learned in similar AI application areas (such as intelligent tutoring systems), the collaborative environment increases the complexity of the environment by generating a significant amount of rich additional information concerning the joint work between students and their relationships.
	www.ia.uned.es /~elena/ecai04-ws (200 words)

	Proceedings of CSCL 97; Toronto, Canada, December 1997
		The success of a CSCL environment depends not just on the software, but on the context in which that software is used.
		Results of this study are being used to develop a set of practical suggestions to be distributed to teachers interested in introducing MOOSE Crossing to their classes.
		As Kolodner and Guzdial have noted, "Although itís not clear if CSCL prompts changes in school structure or if changes from traditional school structure are needed for CSCL to succeed, it is clear that the two must at least be developed hand in hand" (Kolodner and Guzdial 1996).
	www.cc.gatech.edu /fac/Amy.Bruckman/papers/cscl97.html (3827 words)

	online articles
		CSCL 2001: Proceedings of the Computer Support for Collaborative Learning 2001 Conference.
		CSCL Theories Research paper on CSCL techniques in the university environment.
		Proceedings of the CSCL Conference in Boulder, Colorado.
	clp.cqu.edu.au /online_articles.htm (11744 words)

	Issues in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		One perspective views the CSCL term as simply an "umbrella term" which serves a useful function by bringing together under its umbrella, in meetings and workshops, a variety of researchers with different backgrounds and techniques, where they can discuss their work.
		While the emphasis of much current CSCL work is in classroom interaction, we should acknowledge that much learning goes on outside of the formal classroom, and that indeed it is precisely in such contexts, outside the classroom, that CSCL could make a significant impact.
		A very basic issue for the field of CSCL is to come to terms with the multiplicity of contexts or environments in which people learn, and in which computers might play an important role.
	www.ul.ie /~idc/library/papersreports/LiamBannon/12/LBMarat.html (4877 words)

	CSCL: freight rates set to rise on growth
		China's second largest container operator, China Shipping Container Lines (CSCL), expects its freight rates to rise 4-5 per cent this year, driven by robust growth in global trade and supply shortages.
		The company, which inaugurated five new international trade routes last year, will bring another eight new international trade lanes into operation in 2005, adding the total to 83 globally.
		CSCL's full-year net profit surged 1.9 times to 4.02 billion yuan (US$486 million), driven by the robust external trade and expansion in its fleet capacity.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2005-03/10/content_423717.htm (383 words)

	Euro CSCL - Home
		Here you can find news and best practices from CSCL community, links to CSCL research, information about CSCL software tools and have discussions with other members of the community.
		The members may post news to the website, share their best experiences of practicing CSCL in education by posting descriptions of their school projects, propose information about different CSCL software tools and have discussions.
		Propose information about events in CSCL community, CSCL software, articles and other important issues.
	www.euro-cscl.org (607 words)

	Conditions for computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		CSCL is an interdisciplinary research field based on expertise from computer science, pedagogy, psychology, media design and other disciplines.
		CSCL is more than just the application of existing teleconferencing systems.
		These dimensions can be used to describe the desired kind of CSCL in order to design, implement or evaluate a CSCL environment, to compare different tools and scenarios.
	www.apertura.ntnu.no /IKT-babel/MWessner00.htm (1325 words)

	FITS/CSCL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Although collaborative learning is not a new concept which has been carried out in classrooms for long time, it is expected to be a new promising paradigm in AI in ED community.
		Working hypothesis of this research is that we can find a good ontology for CSCL task by looking at the task carefully from generic task point of view.
		What should be notice is to design a good ontology to represent the domain knowledge, the communication model, and the learning process model from the educational point of view.
	www.ei.sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp /projects/its-cscl.html (411 words)

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