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Topic: CYK algorithm

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	CYK algorithm
		It is also possible to extend the CYK algorithm to handle some grammars which are not in CNF, although at the cost of making the algorithm significantly harder to understand.
		The CYK algorithm is important theoretically, since it can be used to constructively prove that the membership problem for context-free languages is decidable.
		It is also possible to extend the CYK algorithm to parse Probabilised Context Free Grammars[?] (PCFG).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/cy/CYK_algorithm.html (473 words)

	Encyclopedia Search
		algorithm is important theoretically, since it can be used to...is decidable.
		algorithm for the membership problem is as follows: Let the input string be...
		) algorithm determines whether and how a given string can be generated by a...
	www.encyclopedian.com /search.php?searWords=CYK (152 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| A memory-efficient dynamic programming algorithm for optimal alignment of a sequence to an ...
		For linear sequence alignment, a divide and conquer algorithm was introduced by Hirschberg [30], an algorithm known in the computational biology community as the Myers/Miller algorithm [31].
		The algorithm will find a maximum likelihood parse tree for a given sequence, and we wish to interpret this result as a maximum likelihood structure, so there must be a one to one relationship between parse trees and secondary structures [47].
		Because score-only CYK does not keep a shadow traceback matrix nor perform the traceback, it is about 20% faster than CYK alignment, as seen in the data in Table 4.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2105/3/18 (8516 words)

	CYK algorithm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cocke-Younger-Kasami (CYK) algorithm (alternatively called CKY) determines whether a string can be generated by a given context-free grammar and, if so, how it can be generated.
		The standard version of CYK recognizes languages defined by context-free grammars written in Chomsky normal form (CNF).
		The CYK algorithm is a bottom up algorithm and is important theoretically, since it can be used to constructively prove that the membership problem for context-free languages is decidable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/CYK_algorithm (626 words)

	The CYK Algorithm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This is proved by giving a polynomial time algorithm for deciding whether a given string is in a given CFL.
		The best known such algorithm is called the CYK algorithm, and uses dynamic programming to build a collection of derivations of substrings from grammar symbols.
		In actual fact, the CYK algorithm can be adapted to an arbitrary context-free grammar, but the details are much more complex.
	www.egr.unlv.edu /~larmore/Courses/CSC456/cyk.html (300 words)

	Evaluation of several lightweight stochastic context-free grammars for RNA secondary structure prediction \| BMC ...
		SCFG algorithms are essentially the same as existing RNA folding algorithms, but the scoring system is probabilistic, based on factoring the score for a structure down into a sum of log probability terms, rather than factoring the structure into a sum of energy terms or arbitrary base-pair scores.
		It is analogous to the McCaskill algorithm for calculating partition functions using the thermodynamic model of RNA folding [10,21].
		Although one implementation of an SCFG mirror of the Zuker algorithm has been described [35], it used a structurally ambiguous grammar (it was not intended for secondary structure prediction per se; it was only used in summed Inside algorithm calculations where ambiguity doesn't matter, not in a CYK algorithm where ambiguity does matter).
	bmc.ub.uni-potsdam.de /1471-2105-5-71/text.htm (8188 words)

	List of algorithms
		CYK algorithm: decides whether a given string can be generated by a given context-free grammar
		Bellman-Ford algorithm: computes shortest paths in a weighted graph (where some of the edge weights may be negative)
		Bresenham's line algorithm: plots points of a 2-dimensional array to form a straight line between 2 specified points
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/List_of_algorithms.html (530 words)

	CYK algorithm - CYK algorithm
		It is also possible to extend the CYK algorithm to handle some context-free grammars which are not written in CNF; this may be done to improve performance, although at the cost of making the algorithm harder to understand.
		Since the grammars being recognized can be ambiguous, it is necessary to store a list of nodes (unless one wishes to only pick one possible parse tree); the end result is then a forest of possible parse trees.
		It is also possible CYK algorithm to extend the CYK algorithm to parse strings using weighted and stochastic context-free grammars.
	www.infotechloco.com /Inf-Computer-Topics-C/CYK-algorithm.html (585 words)

	CMSC 451 Lecture 23, CYK algorithm for CFL's
		The amount of detail needed depends on the reader of the algorithm accepting that there is an obvious way for the Turing machine to perform your steps.
		For an example of programming a Turing Machine see Turing Machine simulator Basically, any algorithm can be coded in a high order language, or coded in assembly language, or coded as a Turing Machine program, or built out of digital logic.
		When in state s2 and a zero is read from the tape, delta 5, go to the final state, s9, and write a blank over the zero.
	www.cs.umbc.edu /~squire/cs451_l23.html (662 words)

	Untitled
		The modification of CYK algorithm for tree grammars result in algorithms that are similar to algorithms of pattern matching technique.
		An algorithm that reads a prefix expression and produces code for each operator separately generates bad code, since one machine instruction, in addition to a proper action, usually performs an address calculation and a memory fetch.
		Assignments to h1 and h2 corresponds to assignment statements 1 and 2 of the algorithm 1 for j=(p-i)+1 and k=pi, j=k+l[p] respectively.
	www.ras.ru /ph/0006/L5M46SRE.html (5003 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Efficient pairwise RNA structure prediction and alignment using sequence alignment ...
		The constrained CYK algorithm was implemented for the pairSCFG in ANSI C. The source code for the package, called Consan, is freely available under the GNU General Public License (GPL) from [48].
		In this experiment, the performance of the constrained algorithm is not statistically different from the unconstrained algorithm for any of the examined posterior cutoffs; however, Figure 5 indicates that a posterior of 0.90 is only correct about 75% of the time.
		Holmes' constrained algorithm is based on the general concept of fold and alignment envelopes [28,31].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2105/7/400 (8488 words)

	CS 323 - Lab 9 - Fall 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The CYK algorithm for membership in a context-free language is named after its originators Cocke, Younger and Kasami.
		Input to the algorithm is a context-free grammar G and a string w.
		A top-down algorithm for deciding membership in a context-free language is described as follows.
	www.snc.edu /compsci/cs323_F02/labs/lab9/lab9.html (526 words)

	GLR parser - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computer science, a GLR parser (Generalized LR parser) is an extension of an LR parser algorithm to handle nondeterministic and ambiguous grammars.
		Briefly, the GLR algorithm works in a manner similar to the LR parser algorithm, except that, given a particular grammar, a GLR parser will process all possible interpretations of a given input in a breadth-first search.
		The GLR algorithm is "on-line" -- that is, it consumes the input tokens in a specific order and performs as much work as possible after consuming each token.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/GLR_parser (445 words)

	Cyk Algorithm \| Algorithm Ascending Pascal Array (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
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	cpva.info /cyk-algorithm.htm (285 words)

	Parsing
		Other parsing algorithms, such as top-down parsing, are more selective: the kinds of subparse that are constructed from a certain input position onward are dependent on subparses already found to the left of that input position.
		A further distinction between parsing algorithms can be made by identifying in which order the input string is traversed.
		Although the end result of parsing is always the same, the speed of different parsing algorithms may differ significantly.
	odur.let.rug.nl /vannoord/papers/yearbook/node3.html (2255 words)

	CTL3221 CYK Alogorithm (0304) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Cocke-Younger-Kasami algorithm can only be used with grammars in the Chomsky Normal Form.
		The characteristics of grammars in this form are exploited by the algorithm.
		For a given phrase of length n (containing n words), this algorithm constructs a triangular derivation table T.
	personal.cityu.edu.hk /~cttomlai/doc/teach/ctl3221/0304/nlpcyk.htm (740 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		While the Jelinek:91 solution to problem (3) is not a direct extension of CYK parsing they nevertheless present their algorithm in terms of its similarities to the computation of inside probabilities.
		In our algorithm, computations for tasks (1) and (3) proceed incrementally, as the parser scans its input from left to right; in particular, prefix probabilities are available as soon as the prefix has been seen, and are updated incrementally as it is extended.
		The worst-case computational expense of the algorithm (either for the complete input, or the incrementally for each new word) is as good as that of the other known specialized algorithms, but can be substantially better on well-known grammar classes.
	www.icsi.berkeley.edu /~stolcke/papers/cl95/node1.html (762 words)

	CMPS 260 (Theoretical Foundations of CS)
		The CYK algorithm (named for Cocke, Young, and Kasami, each of whom develeped it independently of the others in the mid-1960's) solves the membership problem for context-free grammars in Chomsky Normal Form.
		Letting G and w denote its two inputs (and assuming that CYK is a boolean function that, given a CNF grammar and a string, returns true iff the string is generated by the grammar), the algorithm is as follows:
		The CYK algorithm is based on the following.
	www.cs.uofs.edu /~mccloske/courses/cmps260/cyk.html (538 words)

	CMSC 451 Lecture 23, CYK algorithm for CFL's (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		CMSC 451 Lecture 23, CYK algorithm for CFL's
		Use the algorithm on P140, Figure 6.8 Given a CFG grammar G in Chomsky Normal Form and a string x of length n Group the productions of G into two sets { A
		Notes: The parse is ambiguous if there is more than one (S,...) in V[1,n] Multiple levels of the tree may be built while working back V[,k] to V[,k-1] and there may be more than one choice at any level if the parse is ambiguous.
	www.cs.umbc.edu /~squire/s01-451/cs451_l23.html (245 words)

	Functional Specifications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		I have chosen to implement a CYK algorithm to parse the input sentence.
		One of the constraints of the CYK algorithm is that the grammar be in CNF.
		I will use the Probabilistic CYK algorithm outlined in Jurafsky and Martin[1] to calculate the most probable parse of the input sentence.
	www.compapp.dcu.ie /~acahill/final_year_project/funcspec.html (405 words)

	LING 571
		Hw3, due 10/20/05: 40 pts: add the CYK part, and output a single parse tree with the highest probability.
		The tree is a flat one-level tree, as I do not require you to complete the CYK parser.
		The CYK algorithm is very simple conceptually, but you need to think about what data structures you want to use to store various kind of info.
	faculty.washington.edu /fxia/courses/LING571/hw2.htm (1279 words)

	A generalized CYK algorithm for parsing stochastic CFG - Chappelier, Rajman (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A generalized CYK algorithm for parsing stochastic CFG (1998)
		A generalized cyk algorithm for parsing stochastic cfg.
		9 A trellis-based algorithm for estimating the parameters of a..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /chappelier98generalized.html (418 words)

	Discussion 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The CYK algorithm is one method to find out whether a given word is in a given context free language.
		To use the CYK algorithm you need a grammar in CNF.
		The idea behind the CYK algorithm is simple.
	www.cs.ucr.edu /~jnoga/CS150/discussion8.html (438 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In order to construct good and efficient parsing algorithms, we consider now transformations of grammars, essentially simplifications of the form of productions, which lead to certain normal forms for grammars.
		These normal forms are better to deal with, and they allow more efficient parsing algorithms.
		Membership Algorithm - CYK Parser The CYK algorithm for parsing context-free grammars was developed by Cocke, Younger and Kasami — that's why it's called CYK.
	www.cs.umanitoba.ca /~ckemke/74.303-Formal-Languages/2005SS/CFG-Simplification-SS.doc (1499 words)

	ProbabilisticParser
		Since natural language sentences are ambiguous and a single sentence may have more than one parse each grammar rule is assigned a probability and a parse is chosen for the rule with according to the probability.
		This class implements the well-known CYK probabilistic parsing algorithm.
		Performs parse of a natural language sentence using the CYK algorithm.
	marf.sourceforge.net /api-dev/marf/nlp/Parsing/ProbabilisticParser.html (379 words)

	Definition of Timeline of algorithms
		1967 - Cocke-Younger-Kasami (CYK) algorithm independently developed by D.
		1976 - Knuth-Morris-Pratt algorithm developed by Donald Knuth and Vaughan Pratt and independently by J.
		1996 - Bruun's algorithm generalized to arbitrary even composite sizes by H.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Timeline_of_algorithms (630 words)

	CS 323 - Lab 9 - Fall 2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Implement an algorithm that identifies nullable variables in a context free grammar.
		Implement an algorithm that identifies useless productions in a context free grammar.
		In the rest of this lab, you will implement the portions of the algorithms that identify useless productions and nullable variables.
	www.snc.edu /compsci/CS323/lab9/lab9.html (941 words)

	Feng Wei : A .NET implementation of CYK algorithm
		Feng Wei : A.NET implementation of CYK algorithm
		The Cocke-Younger-Kasami (CYK) algorithm determines whether a string can be generated by a given context-free grammar and, if so, how it can be generated.
		Download the zip file that includes a.NET assembly DLL of the CYK algorithm, which generating parse trees in XML format for a given sentence and grammar.
	bloggingabout.net /blogs/fengwei/archive/2005/03/07/2387.aspx (122 words)

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