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Topic: Cabin pressurization


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In the News (Mon 28 Dec 09)

  
  Cabin pressurization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cabin pressurization is the active pumping of air into the cabin of an aircraft to increase the air pressure within the cabin.
One consequence of cabin pressurization is that the pressure inside the airplane may be 10 psi (700 millibars or hPa), while the pressure outside is barely above 2 psi (15 kilopascals, 140 millibars).
As the airplane is pressurized and depressurized, the metal skin of the airplane expands and contracts, resulting in metal fatigue.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cabin_pressurization   (999 words)

  
 Pressurized Airplanes   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
It maintains a cabin pressure altitude of approximately 8,000 feet at the maximum designed cruising altitude of the airplane, and prevents rapid changes of cabin altitude which may be uncomfortable or injurious to passengers and crew.
Pressurized air is pumped into this sealed fuselage by cabin superchargers which deliver a relatively constant volume of air at all altitudes up to a designed maximum.
This differential pressure is determined by the structural strength of the cabin and often by the relationship of the cabin size to the probable areas of rupture, such as window areas and doors.
avstop.com /AC/FlightTraingHandbook/PressurizedAirplanes.html   (1349 words)

  
 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
The pressure differential required to maintain a cabin pressure altitude of 6000 feet at a cruising altitude of 35,000 feet MSL is approximately 8.2 psi.
Cabin pressure is the air pressure in the aircraft that surrounds the air cell modules 34 and is applied to an exterior surface of each air cell bladder 36.
The cabin air pressure sensor 62c is configured to sense cabin pressure and the air cell pressure sensor 64c is configured to sense air cell pressure.
www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/41126.980924&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (7567 words)

  
 Gemini Press Reference Book
It is heated to a gaseous state by a heat exchanger, passes to a pressure reducing regulator, then on to the cabin pressure regulator which automatically maintains cabin pressure as desired for the mission.
The cabin and suit heat exchangers are conventional heat exchangers, and the electronic equipment heat exchangers are coldplates on which the equipment is mounted.
Because cryogenic storage is at a lower pressure than tanks of equal size holding the same quantity of oxygen, danger of structural failure is reduced; associated components are lighter; and the heat absorption capacity of the fluid is available to help dispose of spacecraft waste heat.
www.apollosaturn.com /geminiNR/sec4.htm   (1821 words)

  
 Aircraft Pressurization Systems
Cabin air is drawn through the internal avionics racks by the cabin exhaust fan and is modulated by the cabin pressure regulator valve.
The pressure regulator control, using the sensed ambient pressure as a low-pressure source and the sensed cabin pressure as the high-pressure source, modulates the pressure regulator open or closed to maintain cabin pressure at the specific altitude.
By setting the cabin pressure switch on the environmental control panel to the DUMP position, the latching solenoids on both the cabin outflow pressure regulating valve and on the cabin safety valve are actuated to the dump position.
www.tpub.com /ase2/75.htm   (923 words)

  
 FM 3-04.301Chptr 10 Oxygen Equipment and Cabin Pressurization
Cabin pressurization is achieved by extracting outside ambient air, forcing it through compressors, cooling it, and maintaining it at a given cabin altitude.
Cabin altitude increases until the maximum cabin pressure differential of 6.0 pounds per square inch is reached.
Slow decompression of the cabin, although dangerous because of the slow and insidious onset of hypoxia, is not as physiologically dangerous as rapid decompression.
www.cavalrypilot.com /fm1-301/ch10.htm   (1999 words)

  
 Cabin pressurization: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
Pressure is the application of force to a surface, and the concentration of that force in a given area....
One consequence of cabin pressurization is that the pressure inside the airplane may be 10 psi psi quick summary:
A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume....
www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/cabin_pressurization.htm   (1511 words)

  
 Calls for Emergency Exit Redesign by Aircraft Safety Board
Bleed air from the engines pressurizes the cabin to an artificial altitude of 8,000 feet, and one or more outflow valves regulates the discharge of cabin air to maintain a constant "cabin altitude" and to prevent sudden pressure changes during climb/descent (which passengers may notice by a popping of the ears).
Cabin overpressure was relieved, and all other doors with handles in the open position opened and their escape slides deployed.
Exit doors are designed with seals, latching mechanisms and structural restraints to contain the pressure of the cabin's artificial altitude during flight and yet to open smoothly on the ground.
www.iasa.com.au /folders/Safety_Issues/Cabin_Safety/deadlydoors.html   (2982 words)

  
 DCA00MA005: Aberdeen, South Dakota, October 25, 1999
Cabin pressurization is provided by conditioned air entering the cabin through the air distribution ducts and is controlled by modulating the amount of air exhausted from the cabin.
If cabin pressure decreases for any reason (such as a loss of bleed air or a faulty outflow valve), the cabin altitude limiters would command the outflow valve and the safety valve closed at an altitude of 11,000 ± 1,000 feet in an attempt to maintain cabin pressure.
There are two differential pressure relief valves; one is installed in the outflow valve control pressure line to limit the normal operating cabin differential pressure to 8.9 psi, while the other is set to limit the maximum cabin differential pressure to 9.2 psi by opening the safety valve.
www.public-action.com /911/stewart   (14406 words)

  
 [No title]
After the interruption, the pressurization equipment was not reconfigured for normal flight (the engine bleeds were not turned on), and the APU was not unloaded or shut down.
The cabin altitude rate-of-climb indicator showed a climb of about 1000 feet per minute, and the "auto fail" light on the pneumatics panel was illuminated.
The flow of oxygen to the masks is automatically regulated according to the pressure altitude within the aircraft cabin; the higher the pressure altitude, the greater the flow of oxygen.
www.iasa.com.au /folders/Safety_Issues/others/pressnfiasco.html   (3243 words)

  
 Pressurization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Look up Pressurization in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Pressurization generally refers to the application of pressure in a given situation or environment; and more specifically refers to the process by which atmospheric pressure is maintained in an isolated or semi-isolated atmospheric environment (for instance, in an aircraft, or whilst Scuba diving).
This page was last modified 07:10, 20 January 2005.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pressurization   (97 words)

  
 [No title]
Incorporates negative pressure relief }{\f35\fs16\insrsid7340301 diaphragm}{\f35\fs16\insrsid7340301 which keeps cabin altitude from becoming higher than ac altitude.
Excessive pressure bump is controlled by the LH landing gear safety squat switch which: [1] removes power fro m the preset and safety valve solenoids [2] actuates time delay relay that allows left engine to commence pressurization 6 seconds prior to right engine.
Actual control o f psid in safety valve operation is by the pressure control switch when in DUMP or the LH landing gear safety squat switch when on the ground (the safety valve solenoid opens to supply vacuum to the safety valve holding it in OPEN or DUMP position).
www.baseops.net /t44/FAM-3.doc   (1968 words)

  
 Cabin pressurization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
These systems maintain air pressure equivalent to 8000 ft or less, even during flight at altitudes above 43,000 ft.
Most turboprop aircraft also feature cabin pressuration due to their medium to high altitude operation.
Effects of cabin pressurization on an aircraft fuselage
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cabin_pressurization#Rapid_loss_of_pressurization_.28rapid_decompression.29   (999 words)

  
 The Helios 737 Crash Precursor Events
Those problems occurring at the same time as the pressurization warning might cause a crew to mis-attribute the source of the warning to the avionics problem, and not to cabin pressurization (and lack thereof).
Then again, the Helios 737's pressurization problem could have been a repeat of its Dec. 4 door-seal glitch (as that same door was alleged to have been causing a hissing noise on the flight prior to the crash - and was written up as a defect).
Tsolakis advised that the crew "took off with" the pressurisation outflow valve 1/3 open and in 'manual' mode (instead of Automatic) and therefore that there was not enough air differential being generated to pressurise the aircraft and that hypoxia remains a strong possible explanation i.e.
www.iasa-intl.com /folders/belfast/helios-precursors.html   (1923 words)

  
 Advanced Pilot ProgramsFlying the Cabinby Ed Ward
Once the pressurized air is in the cabin, the amount of it is controlled by one or more outflow valves.
Usually, the pressurization settings for the planed flight are done at the gate before the flight by adjusting the Cabin Controller.
The structure of the pressure vessel has to be built to withstand a certain amount of load at the various altitudes the aircraft is certified to fly.
www.flywestwind.com /WTC/Pprograms/flyingcabin.htm   (1768 words)

  
 Crash of Helios 737 Airliner in Greece, Depressurization, Pilots unconscious, oxygen masks, John Nance is wrong
In short, the plane lost its ability to maintain cabin pressurization, and that led to pilot incapacitation from hypoxia, because for unknown reasons, they were not able to access the emergency supplemental oxygen, which is required to be on board and operating properly, for all turbojet aircraft.
They could see the oxygen masks in use by the passengers in the cabin and some bodies were still wearing oxygen masks, during the rescue/recovery operations in the wreckage area.
While it does appear likely that a cabin decompression did occur, we have a long way to go before it can be known what was the cause of that decompression and why the pilots were not able to respond in the proper manner, to prevent the final disaster.
www.airlinesafety.com /editorials/737CrashInGreece.htm   (1750 words)

  
 Pressure breathing in fighter aircraft for G accelerations and loss of cabin pressurization at altitude - a brief ...
Pressure breathing in fighter aircraft for G accelerations and loss of cabin pressurization at altitude - a brief review
Positive pressure respiration and its application to the treatment of acute pulmonary edema.
Respiratory gas exchange during positive pressure breathing and rapid decompression to simulated altitudes of 18.3 and 24.4 km.
www.cja-jca.org /cgi/content/full/50/4/415   (1688 words)

  
 Cabin pressure bible covers Cabin pressure
When a aircraft reaches high altitudes, it becomes necessary for the cabin to be pressurised.
This is because, as the plane gains altitude, the atmospheric pressure decreases, and the amount of oxygen becomes insufficient for humans to breathe properly.
One consequence of cabin pressurization is that the pressure inside the airplane may be 10 psi, while the pressure outside is barely above 2 psi.
www.find-ask.com /Encyclopedia/C/Cabin_pressure/Cabin_pressure.html   (820 words)

  
 Boeing: Boeing 7E7 Offers Preferred Cabin Environment, Study Finds
Because their structures are primarily metal, today's commercial airplanes are certified to a maximum altitude equivalent of 8,000 feet to minimize structural fatigue during normal operation.
The 7E7 will be pressurized to a maximum altitude equivalent of 6,000 feet during normal operation, a decision enabled by the stronger, more-durable composite materials from which the airplane will be constructed.
The simulator was pressurized to five different altitude equivalents, and each level was tested nine times.
www.boeing.com /commercial/news/2004/q3/nr_040719i.html   (452 words)

  
 TSB Reports - Air 2000 - A00P0101
The passenger oxygen masks automatically deployed when the cabin altitude reached 14 000 feet above sea level.
Due to the limitations of this memory and human vulnerability to distracting events, the likelihood of this item being omitted is relatively high.
Reconfiguration was not completed during the after take-off check, upon climbing through 10 000 feet, or on reaching cruise altitude, times when checks should have alerted the crew to set up the pressurization as required.
www.tsb.gc.ca /en/reports/air/2000/a00p0101/a00p0101.asp   (3247 words)

  
 Silence Kills
The Airbus Cabin Pressurization and Control System, does not provide pilots with direct electrical control over a dedicated motor to allow them, to override the computer control thru a direct electrical connection which allows manual positioning of the outflow valves.
A "flight worthy release candidate" forced to be released in violation of TTTech aerospace release processes containing falsified process evidence and forged approval signatures, was sent on August 24th 2004 to Nord Micro, Airbus, and EASA in advance of the performance of the EASA audit performed onsite at TTTech on September 21-22 2004.
Detailed information about the valve motor speeds, the volume of the A380 Cabin, the dimensions of the outflow valve ports, was requested from both AIRBUS, and UTC for use by an FAA approved Cabin Pressurization Systems DER to perform a detail mathematical analysis of the scenario.
www.eaawatch.net /CAT_Defects.html   (2301 words)

  
 Kollsman, Inc. - Products - Commercial Aviation Systems - Cabin Pressurization System   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
The Kollsman Autoschedule Cabin Pressurization Control System (KAPS) combines more than thirty years of cabin pressure experience with modern solid-state technology.
After takeoff, the cabin altitude will be scheduled to minimize the pressure change experienced by passengers and crew.
During the flight, the cabin rate is always a comfortable "hurry up and wait" experienced with typical controllers.
www.kollsman.com /products/commercial-aviation-systems/cabin-pressurization-system.asp   (391 words)

  
 forums.jetcareers - Engineer Questions Saftey of A380 Cabin Pressurization System   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
When you are dealing with software and microprocessors this can happen if they are all programmed with the same code and all encounter the right trigger of conditions at the right time to cause a failure (think Y2K bug).
These conditions may be a combination of cycles or pressure combinations, that they could indeed all encounter.
However, I do not know much about pressurization systems yet so if what you say is true, that is that all valves could fail and open and there still be plenty of time to react, then the risk of any resulting death is low.
www.jetcareers.com /forums/printthread.php?t=20994   (1006 words)

  
 B-29 Cabin Pressurization
I was reading an account of the flight engineer on a B29 and he mentioned that the plane would be depressurized on the bomb run with the crew going on oxygen and switching to heated flight suits.
The B-17 and B-24 aircraft were not pressurized and did not have heat.
Explosive cabin depressurization was only a problem if you blew out a blister or had a VERY large hole.
www.armyairforces.com /forum/m_50519/tm.htm   (3597 words)

  
 EH.Net Encyclopedia: History of the Aerospace Industry
The Douglas DC-3, introduced in 1935, gave airlines their first shot at solvency by carrying people rather than mail.
Many advances in aircraft design during the 1930s addressed the comfort, efficiency and safety of air travel -- cabin pressurization, retractable landing gear, better instrumentation and better navigational devices around airports.
Britain and Germany produced the best large bombers at the start of the 1930s, though by the start of the World War II American designs were better.
www.eh.net /encyclopedia/article/bugos.aerospace.industry.history   (3757 words)

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