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Topic: Cacao

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	Theobroma cacao
		Cacao seeds are the source of commercial cocoa, chocolate, and cocoa butter.
		Reported to be antiseptic, diuretic, ecbolic, emmenagogue, and parasiticide, cacao is a folk remedy for alopecia, burns, cough, dry lips, eyes, fever, listlessness, malaria, nephrosis, parturition, pregnancy, rheumatism, snakebite, and wounds (Duke and Wain, 1981).
		Cacao is of ten intercropped with other trees of economic value, as bananas, rubber, oil palm, or coconut.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/duke_energy/Theobroma_cacao.html (2360 words)

	Cacao
		Cacao, a small evergreen tree native to the lower eastern slope of the Andes in South America, is the source of cocoa and chocolate.
		Cacao grows in partial shade at very low elevations between 20 degrees north and south latitude, where the average temperature is 25.5 degrees C (this species tolerates 15 to 35 degrees C), and the plants receive one to more than three meters of annual precipitation.
		Cacao was cultivated eventually in western Africa, and in 1878-79 introduced on the mainland by free Portuguese laborers.
	www.botgard.ucla.edu /html/botanytextbooks/economicbotany/Theobroma (735 words)

	The History of Chocolate
		Cacao plantations (trees under cultivation), and estates, usually in valleys or coastal plains, must have evenly distributed rainfall and rich, well drained soil.
		As a general rule, cacao trees get their start in a nursery bed where seeds from high yielding trees are planted in fiber baskets or plastic bags.
		In recent years, cacao growers have turned increasingly to hybridization as a means of improving the quality of the bean and making it more disease resistant.
	www.karachocolates.com /chochist.html (4154 words)

	The Cacao Tree (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Cacao seeds are the fruit of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao.
		The cacao tree fruit is a huge berry called cacao pod, usually egg or melon-shaped, 5 to 12 inches long and 3 to 5 inches wide.
		After the cacao beans are removed from the fruit, they undergo fermentation, a process that reduces their bitterness and helps develop their heady aroma.
	www.chocolate.org /choctree.html (341 words)

	Cacao Nibs - Raw
		Cacao is one of nature's richest sources of magnesium, which is a heart as well as brain mineral.
		Cacao is also a great source of serotonin, dopamine, and phenylethylamine, three well-studied neurotransmitters, which help alleviate depression and are associated with feelings of well being.
		PEA is a chemical in cacao that increases the activity of neurotransmitters (brain chemicals) in parts of the brain that control our ability to pay attention and stay alert.
	www.earthnotions.ca /pages/cacao.html (581 words)

	Chapter 5: Tree Fruits & Nuts and Exotic Tree Fruits & Nuts
		The cacao flowers arise in groups directly from old wood of the main stem or older branches at points which were originally leaf axils (fig.
		Although midges seem to get the most credit as pollinators of cacao, there is clearly a lack of knowledge as to which insects are responsible in the different areas for the commercial set of fruit of this important crop.
		Quite conceivably, however, honey bee colonies could be concentrated in numbers sufficient to exhaust the supply of pollen and nectar on competing plants and the bees induced to visit the flowers of this important crop for pollen and increase the percentage of cross- pollination and fruit set.
	gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov /book/chap5/cacao.html (1559 words)

	Raw Cacao Nibs \| Certified Organic
		The Cacao Nibs from the Philippines are a cross between the Criollo and Trinitarios.
		Since cacao trees prefer shade, banana trees, rubber trees or coconut palms are planted beside the cacao tree in the orchards.
		The cacao beans that Wilderness Family Naturals imports are kept at a low temperature during the fermentation process.
	www.wildernessfamilynaturals.com /cacao_nibs_raw_organic.htm (668 words)

	Ghirardelli :: About Chocolate
		Cacao content refers to the total cacao content in the chocolate, which is everything derived from the cocoa bean.
		Other brands with similar cacao content may not be as selective in their roasting process to get the same intense chocolate flavor.
		Is chocolate with higher cacao content “darker?” Yes, in general, “darker” chocolate and higher cacao content chocolate mean the same thing – more intense chocolate taste and higher percentage of cacao components, although the definition of dark chocolate is very broad.
	www.ghirardelli.com /about/faq_chocolate.aspx (1075 words)

	ETHNOBOTANY: Cacao (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The cacao bean in 80% of chocolate is made using beans of the Forastero Group.
		Called a cacao pod, is ovoid, 15â“30 cm long and 8â“10 cm wide, ripening yellow to orange, and weighs about 500 g when ripe.
		Cortes sent cacao beans and recipes back to King Charles V. Food uses of chocolate, made from the seed, are well known (RVM).
	www.loveleafgarden.com /raw_cacao/america_cacao_seeds.html (1443 words)

	APSnet Feature - The Impact of Plant Diseases on World Chocolate Production (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Cacao tree with healthy pods on the left, and pods with fl pod disease on the right (click image for larger view).
		The development of genetically resistant cacao cultivars is an on-going endeavor in many countries, and it is expected that the use of these cultivars would reduce the incidence of the disease.
		Cacao is often grown in remote areas and as an understory tree.
	www.apsnet.org /online/feature/cacao/top.html (5180 words)

	Ground Organic Chocolate (Cacao)
		Cacao is actually an evergreen tree whose seeds, or beans, are used to make chocolate and cocoa.
		Cacao beans are the raw material from which chocolate, cocoa, and cocoa butter are made.
		Most (if not all) chocolate today is made from cocoa butter (the fat which has been removed from the cacao bean), cocoa powder (the residue left over from the pressing of the cacao beans), and chocolate liqueur (the ground cacao bean before cocoa butter and cocoa powder are produced).
	www.wildernessfamilynaturals.com /ground_organic_chocolate.htm (1326 words)

	Database Entry for CACAO - Chocolate - Theobroma cacao, CACAO - Chocolate - Theobroma cacao, CACAO - Chocolate - ...
		Cacao seeds are prepared for commerce either by simple drying, in which case they retain their bitterness and astringency; or they are cured by a sweating process by which their bitter and astringent properties are much modified, and the color of the seed changed.
		The seeds are placed into closed boxes for a certain length of time, or buried in the ground for a few days; the best process is to allow the seeds to lie for a week in heaps covered with green leaves, such as plantain leaves, etc., after which time they are dried.
		BUTTER OF CACAO is a bland article, rather agreeable to the taste, and highly nutritious; it has been used as a substitute for, or an alternate with, cod-liver oil, and as an article of diet during the last days of pregnancy.
	www.rain-tree.com /chocolate.htm (1498 words)

	Cacao. Cocoa processing, chocolate manufacturing, handmade chocolates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Cacao tree flowers (which obviously also grow on the trunk of the tree) are beautiful and can be seen most of the year.
		The interesting detail about Cacao flowers is that despite their beautiful appearance they have no smell or taste, which makes them unattractive to pollinating insects.
		It is during the fermentation, that the Cacao bean develops the brown color of typical Cacao.
	www.nvogue.com /nVogueFoods/Chocolate/chocolate.htm (1502 words)

	Cacao - Food of the Gods (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Cacao, the precursor of cocoa and chocolate is a product from Theobroma cacao (literally meaning ‘food of the gods’;), a rainforest tree occurring naturally in the Amazon basin.
		Cacao has been appreciated and revered for centuries, and the story surrounding cacao development is one that is steeped in the history and movements of the people of South America.
		Firstly, cacao spread to Trinidad and other islands in the Caribbean from where it was taken furthur to the Philipines and the East Indies, and then to Sri Lanka, Brazil and West Africa.
	sres-associated.anu.edu.au /fpt/nwfp/cacao/cacao.html (845 words)

	Maca Root, Goji Berry, Cacao Nibs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Cacao (Theobroma Cacao) is the seed of the fruit of an Amazonian tree which grows throughout Central and South America.
		Cacao is incredibly rich in Magnesium and is most likely the number 1 source for this essential mineral.
		Historically, Cacao has been used as an antiseptic to treat burns, bites, wounds and skin and eye infections; as an emollient to sooth skin irritations, and as a diuretic to treat swelling and water retention.
	www.macaweb.com /organic-cacao.cfm (761 words)

	Theobroma cacao
		The cacao plant is a wide-branching evergreen tree, reaching 20-25 feet in height.The plant is "cauliflorous" with flowers (and later fruits) protruding directly from the woody branches and trunk.The fruit, or "pod", reaches to one foot long and 2-4 inches in diameter.
		Cacao beans contain the caffeine alkaloid Theobromine, which is a mild stimulant.
		Cacao is the source of chocolate, which is obtained by roasting and grinding the seeds.
	botit.botany.wisc.edu /courses/tour/Roomeight-Th.html (193 words)

	Raw Chocolate nibs UK, Raw cacao nibs UK, Raw cacao nibs, UK, Organic chocolate, UK -- ...
		The raw cacao bean is one of nature’s most fantastic superfoods due to its wide array of unique properties, many of which are destroyed or corrupted by cooking.
		Cacao is the seed of a fruit of an Amazonian tree that was brought to Central America during or before the time of the Olmecs.
		Cacao seems to diminish appetite, probably due to its monoamine oxidase enzyme inhibitors (MAO inhibitors) - these are different from digestive enzyme inhibitors found in most nuts and seeds.
	www.detoxyourworld.com /acatalog/cacao.html (2328 words)

	Café Cacao
		Café Cacao is an original dining destination located at the factory of Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker in Berkeley, California.
		Café Cacao offers delicious savory dishes as well as irresistible chocolate desserts, pastries, and special blends of coffee.
		We are open seven days a week for breakfast and lunch, weekend brunch, and private dining is available upon request.
	www.cafecacao.biz (57 words)

	Cacao, Chocolate Tree - Theobroma cacao
		Cacao beans were once used as a currency.
		Cacao trees are strictly tropical and are usually killed if temperatures drop even briefly below 40F, or above 100F.
		Calabicillo cacao is native to the Amazon and Orinoco river region, while Criollo cacao is native to Southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize.
	www.tradewindsfruit.com /cacao.htm (314 words)

	Cacao bean : by Ray Sahelian, M.D.
		The cacao bean, and tasty products derived from the cacao bean such as chocolate, and the beverage cacao, popular with many people worldwide, is rich in specific antioxidants, with the basic structure of catechins and epicatechin, and especially the polymers procyanidins, polyphenols similar to those found in vegetables and tea.
		The alkaloids theobromine and caffeine are responsible for the stimulant effect of cacao and chocolate and contribute to bitter cacao flavor.
		A second objective was to assess the effects of select purified cacao flavonoids, epicatechin, catechin, the procyanidin Dimer B2 and one of its major metabolites, 3'-O-methyl epicatechin, on free radical-induced erythrocyte hemolysis in vitro.
	www.raysahelian.com /cacao.html (2183 words)

	Eric's Chocolate Store Reviews
		Cacao et Chocolat was a lucky find I made while walking near the Seine in Paris.
		In spite of the fountain in the name, the cacao pods made of chocolate and the incredible tortoises and other animals are the things to admire.
		Saratoga Chocolates makes a great appearance, with the pretty pieces you see to the right, but the flavors did not move me. Some pieces seemed dry and not sweet enough to me. The caramels were nice, and the peanut had a nice balance with the milk chocolate.
	edp.org /chocolat.htm (10581 words)

	NPR: Creating a Higher Chocolate Consciousness
		Cacao trees grow in tropical rain forests under the canopy of taller trees.
		Cacao pods are filled with a thick, juicy, whitish pulp.
		Because cacao trees only grow in tropical rain forests, they are found primarily in the Americas.
	www.npr.org /programs/morning/features/2002/june/chocolate (540 words)

	Fighting a Fungal Siege on Cacao Farms
		MandM Mars and other importers of cacao beans are concerned that West African countries, the current major exporters of cocoa, cannot handle alone the world's growing appetite for chocolate.
		Cacao cultivation can be managed best under the shade of the tropical rainforest.
		The IPM technology to control cacao disease epidemics will be helped by a cooperative project funded jointly by ARS, ACRI, and MandM Mars to predict disease outbreaks and manage and protect natural resources, soil and water ecology, and cacao genomics.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/AR/archive/nov99/cacao1199.htm (2285 words)

	cacao - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Cacao, common name for a tree, the seed of that tree, and for certain other related trees in a family that also contains the kola.
		Coffee, cacao, and mangoes are the major crops grown in Haiti for export.
		While coffee is Colombia’s leading agricultural product, the country’s diverse climate and topography permit cultivation of a wide variety of other...
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=cacao (127 words)

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