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	Caerphilly Castle
		Caerphilly Castle is one of the great medieval castles of western Europe.
		The castle’s cellular structure and strength is indicated by the presence of numerous portcullises.
		That the castle rose again from its sorry state is due to the visionary clearance and restoration work undertaken by the Bute family and the imaginative reflooding of the lakes by the state in the 1950s.
	www.castlewales.com /caerphil.html (1612 words)

	Caerphilly - LoveToKnow 1911
		The ancient commote of Senghenydd (corresponding to the modern hundred of Caerphilly) comprised the mountainous district extending from the ridge of Cefn Onn on the south to Breconshire on the north, being bounded by the rivers Taff and Rumney on the west and east.
		The defence of the castle was committed by Henry IV.
		The district was one of the chief centres of the Methodist revival of the 18th century, the first synod of the Calvinistic Methodists being held in 1743 at Watford farm close to the town, from which place George Whitefield was married at Eglwysilan church two years previously.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Caerphilly (466 words)

	channel4.com - Castle
		Caerphilly Castle in Glamorgan, South Wales, is arguably the most impressive non-royal castle in Wales, and stands comparison with even the mightiest of the castles built by Edward I after 1276.
		When castles were laid out from scratch in the 13th century, master masons and their patrons preferred an 'enclosure' model, which allowed them greater freedom to experiment with new designs.
		As well as being a fascinating castle in its own right, Caerphilly was one of the main flashpoints for the war which led to the conquest of Wales.
	www.channel4.com /history/microsites/C/castle/cap_main.html (752 words)

	Caerphilly Castle
		Caerphilly Castle one of the largest Castles in the United Kingdom, built in 1268-1271 by the Anglo-Norman lord,
		This Edwardian style castle was completed approximately ten years after building work commenced, and is a fine example of advanced military architecture with its combination of land and water defences, including an enormous barrage that also acted as a dam to the east of the castle.
		The castle’s strength is indicated by the presence of numerous portcullises.
	www.caerphillycastle.com (687 words)

	GENUKI: Caerphilly - Lewis 1833
		Caerphilly soon afterwards came by purchase into the possession of Gilbert Earl of Clare, who was then lord of Glamorgan ; and his widow afterwards conveyed it by marriage to Ralph Mortimer, by whom the castle, almost ruined by repeated attacks, was rebuilt.
		From this period the castle and manor appear to have belonged to the lords of Glamorgan, whose chief residence being at Cardiff, it is probable that the injury sustained by the fortifications in this siege was never repaired.
		Caerphilly was anciently a borough, but lost its privileges in the reign of Henry VIII., and is now under the jurisdiction of the county magistrates, who hold a petty session here for the lower division of the hundred.
	www.genuki.org.uk /big/wal/GLA/Eglwysilan/Caerphilly/Lewis1833.html (1120 words)

	Caerphilly Castle - Welshpedia
		Caerphilly Castle is a ruined Norman castle that dominates the centre of the town of Caerphilly in south Wales.
		Built mainly between 1268 and 1271, it is an early example of a concentric castle and is surrounded by large but fairly shallow artificial lakes to slow attackers and prevent the undermining of its walls.
		This removed much of the requirement for the castle, and from then on it was principally used as a base of operations for the de Clares and later the Despensers.
	www.welshpedia.co.uk /wiki/wales/index.php/Caerphilly_Castle (438 words)

	Caerphilly Castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The church was to hold the castle during negotiations; one of the points of dispute involved who, Gilbert de Clare or Llywelyn ab Gruffudd, should have ownership of Caerphilly Castle.
		Caerphilly was no longer a border fortress, and when Welsh power was broken in a second royal campaign (1282-1285), was used mainly as an administrative center for the estates of the de Clare family.
		Caerphilly Castle survived a Welsh revolt in 1295 (the town was burnt), and was later beseiged for several months (winter 1326-March 1327) in the war between King Edward II and Queen Isabella.
	alumnus.caltech.edu /~leif/caerphilly.html (308 words)

	Travel: Captured by Wales' castles
		CAERPHILLY, Wales -- The knights are long gone, the siege long lifted and the battles between Norman invaders and Welsh nationalists long over, yet the towers -- both those crumbling and those restored -- of Caerphilly Castle stand guardian still.
		Although parkland now surrounds Wales' largest castle, and there is a village across the street, the moat and remnants of a small lake are evidence of the 30 acres of marsh and lakes that formed another obstacle to the artillery and horses of the enemies.
		Like several other medieval castles in this part of southeastern Wales, including Castell Coch and Cardiff Castle, Caerphilly was built at the site of an ancient fort the Roman invaders had used to secure their territorial aspirations, the maintenance of an empire.
	www.sptimes.com /News/060301/Travel/Captured_by_Wales__ca.shtml (1510 words)

	A Photo Journal of our 1990 Trip to Wales, Day Five (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Caerphilly Castle was built by Gilbert deClare, Lord of Glamorgan, beginning in 1268 and completed in 1326.
		Caerphilly is the largest castle in Wales and one of the biggest in Britain.
		Caerphilly Castle was allowed to slowly decay, as happened with the castles in the north of Wales, but unlike those castles, this is not a royal castle.
	www.tylwythteg.com /WALESTRIP/day041.html (1342 words)

	Caerphilly Castle, Wales. Travel guide & tourist information by Hostelbookers.com
		Caerphilly (Caerffili), seven miles north of Cardiff, is a flattened and colourless town, notable mainly for its castle (June–Sept daily 9.30am–6pm; April, May & Oct daily 9.30am–5pm; Nov–March Mon–Sat 9.30am–4pm, Sun 11am–4pm; £2.50; CADW), the first in Britain built concentrically, with an inner system of defences overlooking the outer ring.
		The castle was begun in 1268 by Gilbert de Clare as a defence against Llywelyn the Last.
		Caerphilly is also known for its crumbly white cheese, made in dairies around the town, and available in a ploughman's lunch at the Courthouse pub, on Cardiff Road, right by the castle and a five minute stroll from the bus and train stations.
	www.hostelbookers.com /guides/wales/caerphilly_castle (314 words)

	caerphillycastle.org : welcome to caerphilly castle! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Caerphilly castle is one of the most impressive examples of medieval castle building in Great Britain.
		Caerphilly castle is vast in size, spread over some 30 acres of land.
		Caerphilly castle was designed from the ground-up, using the latest castle building techniques of the time.
	www.caerphillycastle.org.uk (331 words)

	Castles of England and Wales: Chapter 5
		Caerphilly was a Marcher castle, an outpost of the lords of Glamorgan to protect Cardiff and the coastal plain from the forays of unbeaten Welshmen in the Brecon hills.
		But the main approach to the castle was from the east, and the whole eastern side of the lake was protected by a long straight curtain wall, equally a barbican and a fortified dam upon which the lake system depended.
		The castle mill was on the platform behind the east front, and in the middle ward was a large water tank, probably used as a vivarium for the supply of fish.
	www.kellscraft.com /CastlesEnglandandWales/CastlesEnglandandWalesCh05.html (1418 words)

	[No title]
		Caerphilly was the first concentric castle to be built from scratch in Britain.
		With Henry III's leave he began to construct a stone castle, to counter the activities of Llywelyn, Prince of Wales, who had been in alliance with Simon de Montfort and who, after the latter's defeat at Evesham, had come to an agreement with Henry III by which the Prince was recognized as Prince of Wales.
		By that time the artificial lake surrounding the castle, the western hornworm which barred the approach to the west side, and the unique screen of curtain walls and platforms, fortified by projecting turrets and buttresses, running from south to north on the eastern front, were complete.
	www.castles.org /castles/Europe/Western_Europe/United_Kingdom/Wales/Caerphilly/index.htm (820 words)

	Caerphilly - Mid Glamorgan
		Caerphilly Castle is enormous, and is one of the most impressive fortifications in the United Kingdom.
		This castle is famous for its southeastern tower that leans to the point that it looks as if it is frozen in mid-fall.
		Caerphilly was built in the 13th century and historians consider this structure to be the finest and earliest example of a true, regular concentric fortification in all of the United Kingdom.
	www.medieval-castles.net /welsh/caerphilly.htm (114 words)

	Caerphilly Castle Roman Fort Cardiff Mid-Glamorgan Wales Welsh
		Caerphilly Castle is an impressive 13th century stone concentric fortress, founded by Gilbert de Clare.
		The large central island, is protected by lakes to the north and south, a fortified screen wall to the east, that forms a barbican and a ward with a stone revetment to the west.
		The castle is one of the largest medieval fortresses in Britain and a supreme example of military fortifications, supported by extensive and unique water defenses.
	www.castleuk.net /castle_lists_wales/171/caerphillycastle.htm (207 words)

	Castles on the Web for castles, castle photos, castle of the day: Castle Tours : Wales
		Caernarfon Castle is one of the most impressive of all the castles built by Edward I and is one of Europe's great medieval fortresses.
		Caerphilly Castle in the small town of Caerphilly, South Glamorgan is one of the largest castles in the United Kingdom.
		Caerphilly Castle is one of Europe's largest castles and is surrounded by a huge moat and by parkland.
	www.castlesontheweb.com /search/Castle_Tours/Wales/more3.html (392 words)

	Caerphilly Castle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Caerphilly Castle (Welsh: Castell Caerfili) is a Norman castle that dominates the centre of the town of Caerphilly in south Wales.
		It is the largest castle in Wales, the second largest in Britain (second to Windsor castle) and is one of the largest fortresses in Europe.
		The castle's condition worsened until the later part of the 18th century when the first Marquess of Bute began preservation work.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caerphilly_Castle (487 words)

	A Guide To Caerphilly Castle Caerphilly Wales From TourUK
		The castle successfully repelled attacks by Llywelyn in 1270 and 1271 and was not involved in Edward I's Welsh wars at the end of the 13th century.
		When she besieged the castle he was forced to flee leaving behind half his treasure and his clothes.
		Apart from the attack and capture of the castle by Owain Glyndwr in the early part of the 15th century the castle had little further part to play in Welsh history.
	www.touruk.co.uk /castleswales/castle_Caerphilly.htm (375 words)

	TimeRef - History Timelines - Caerphilly Castle
		The castle at Caerphilly was begun in 1268.
		After the death of the last of the de Clares, the castle passed to Hugh Despenser who was the favourite of Edward II and stayed under his control under 1326 when he was executed by Queen Isabella's followers.
		Construction of the castle at Caerphilly was begun in 1268 under the control of Gilbert de Clare.
	www.btinternet.com /~timeref/hpl698.htm (327 words)

	Castle Types (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		As you first approach a castle you can view the walls and buildings in their entirety and determine what type of castle it is. Chances are the castle is a combination of types.
		When castles were converted to stone the motte was sometimes leveled so it may not be as clear now that the castle started as a motte and bailey type.
		Cardiff Castle in Wales began as a motte and bailey castle and later became an enclosure castle while retaining its motte.
	users.waymark.net /thefro/castles_type.html (444 words)

	Caerphilly Castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		aerphilly was the first concentric castle to be built from scratch in Britain and, despite sieges and neglect, remains one of the most specacular military ruins in the world.
		She was begun in 1269 by wealthy Marcher Lord Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hereford, to counter the rebellious activity of Llywelyn, Prince of Wales.
		In 1326 Edward II was on the run from his estranged wife Isabella and her paramour Roger Mortimer and took refuge in Caerphilly.
	www.end.com /~jynx/castles/caerphilly (148 words)

	Viagens & Imagens: Castelos & Palácios: Caerphilly Castle.
		Como guarnição militar, Caerphilly teve uma vida útil relativamente curta.
		Caerphilly permaneceu completamente abandonado por três séculos, e apenas a partir de 1928, começou a sofrer um modesto programa de reformas, graças à iniciativa da 4a Marquesa de Bute.
		O castelo de Caerphilly está situado cerca de 10 km ao norte da cidade de Cardiff.
	www.viagensimagens.com /cast_caerphilly.htm (1023 words)

	Caerphilly Castle
		There is no doubt that had Caerphilly not suffered from the effects of gunpowder during the English civil war, today it would have rivaled the great castle of Windsor as the prominent castle in the land.
		From his battle headquarters at the castle of Bere, on hearing what had happened at Caerphilly, Llywelyn sent instructions to his brother Dafydd at Denbigh castle to march south from northern Gwynedd at all speed.
		When the two brothers met with their respective army's south of Builth Wells on a cold wet morning in October of 1270, the battle group was also joined by the forces of Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn of Powys.
	www.red-dragon-wales.com /EnglishCastles/Caerphillycastle.htm (525 words)

	M0B1US Caerphilly Travel Page - VirtualTourist.com
		The other thing Caerphilly is famous for is its huge castle, which is the second largest in the UK after Windsor and dominates the centre of town.
		The area around the castle is the most attractive with a large park enclosing the grounds of the castle affording spectacular views.
		Caerphilly also seems easy to get around by car, which can be useful as a number of Caerphilly's attractions are out of town...
	www12.virtualtourist.com /m/46eb4/4d210 (634 words)

	Castles of Britain
		Britain is strewn with ruins of castles, rubble from the centuries of her existence.
		Castles are tangible relics of a remarkable past, a lengthy heritage etched in stone, as well as with the blood and sweat of those who built, labored, fought, and died in their shadow.
		Castles Unlimited was formed in recognition of the necessity to preserve these relics of history.
	www.castles-of-britain.com (179 words)

	castle
		Anyway, Warwick Castle, a 14th Century edifice and probably the best preserved Castle in Europe, is just a must under the circumstances and the inspiration for this particular article.
		The castle continued to pass from one family to another until garrisoned for Parliament through Lord Brook, when it was besieged in 1642 by the King's forces.
		The defence was long and the besiegers poured water from the moat on red hot metal thrown from the castle, causing violent explosions which tore the tower from its foundations, leaving it in its present position.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/Franklyn_Roberts/castle.htm (1346 words)

	Caerphilly Castle
		Throughout the late thirteenth and early fourteenth century, the Castle continued to be the focus of Welsh attacks.
		At the end of the century the Castle was leased to the Lewis family.
		Restoration of the Castle began in the late nineteenth century, under the direction of the immensely wealthy third Marquees of Bute.
	www.caerphilly.gov.uk /visiting/attractions/caerphillycastle.htm (454 words)

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