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Topic: Cafestol

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	Cafestol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cafestol is a diterpene molecule present in coffee.
		Cafestol is the most potent cholesterol-elevating compound known in the human diet.
		Cafestol is present in highest quantity in unfiltered coffee drinks such as French press coffee or Turkish coffee.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cafestol (173 words)

	Topical composition and method for enhancing lipid barrier synthesis - Patent 6716437
		Cafestol and kahweol, and/or their esters, are the principle components of the diterpene ester fraction of coffee bean oil.
		To compare the lipid enhancing activity of cafestol with that of coffee bean oil, living skin models are treated over a period of five days with increasing amounts of cafestol acetate in a range from 0.01 mg/ml to 1.0 mg/ml.
		Cafestol acetate, prepared in ethanol at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, is applied twice a day with a pump spray to the right volar forearm.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6716437.html (3442 words)

	Apria - resources - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In 9 cafestol trials, subjects received coffee, coffee grounds, coffee oil, or the coffee diterpenes, cafestol and kahweol, as a supplement without change in consumption in their habitual diet throughout the trial (25-30).
		Cafestol is the substance that is responsible for the cholesterol-raising effect of unfiltered coffee.
		In the cafestol and tram fat interventions, there was an increase in plasma total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (all P andlt; 0.01).
	www.apria.com /resources/0,2725,494-216756,00.html (2716 words)

	Reply to Saul Green's Critique (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The furan moiety of cafestol diacetate is known to be a potent inducer of GST in the rodent liver and small bowel mucosa.
		Isolation and identification of kahweol palmitate and cafestol palmitate as active constituents of green coffee beans that enhance glutathione S-transferase activity in the mouse.
		Kahweol and Cafestol: Inhibitors of Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis.
	www.sawilsons.com /gerson_research_organization.htm (2838 words)

	Effect of a coffee lipid (cafestol) on regulation of lipid metabolism in CaCo-2 cells -- Ranheim et al. 36 (10): 2079 ...
		Effect of a coffee lipid (cafestol) on regulation of lipid metabolism in CaCo-2 cells -- Ranheim et al.
		incubated with cafestol (20 micrograms/ml, 63 microM) for 24 h, whereas in
		Cafestol, the Cholesterol-Raising Factor in Boiled Coffee, Suppresses Bile Acid Synthesis by Downregulation of Cholesterol 7{alpha}-Hydroxylase and Sterol 27-Hydroxylase in Rat Hepatocytes
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/abstract/36/10/2079 (479 words)

	Food for Thought - 11/30/96 - Addicted to Java? Don't press it!
		Two of these alcohols, cafestol and kahweol, can elicit a number of unhealthy changes in the blood of regular coffee drinkers.
		The newest diterpene effect to be identified -- an increase in blood levels of an enzyme that is normally associated with damage to liver cells -- emerged in a 6-month long Dutch trial with healthy, coffee-loving volunteers.
		Levels of the cholesterol-elevating diterpenes cafestol and kahweol in various coffee brews.
	www.sciencenews.org /pages/sn_arch/11_30_96/food.htm (1054 words)

	Augusta Georgia: features@ugusta: Study: filtered coffee easier on heart than unfiltered 6/12/97
		Unfiltered brews such as French press, espresso and Turkish coffee have higher amounts of a substance known as cafestol, and people who regularly drank unfiltered coffee experienced an increase in their cholesterol levels, a small Dutch study has found.
		Coffee that passes through a paper filter to remove the cafestol may be easier on the heart and blood vessels, researchers said Wednesday.
		Cafestol is naturally present in coffee beans and is extracted by hot water.
	chronicle.augusta.com /stories/061397/fea_coffee.html (649 words)

	Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
		Unfiltered coffee is a significant source of cafestol and kahweol, diterpenes that have been found to raise serum total and LDL cholesterol concentrations in humans.
		Cafestol and kahweol are fat-soluble compounds known as diterpenes (Figure 3), which have been found to raise serum total and LDL cholesterol concentrations in humans (7).
		Since coffee beans are high in cafestol and kahweol, ingestion of coffee beans or grounds on a regular basis may also raise serum and LDL cholesterol.
	lpi.oregonstate.edu /infocenter/foods/coffee (3810 words)

	The Endocrine Society : Thyroid
		The coffee diterpene cafestol (CAF) is present in unfiltered coffee brews such as Scandanavian boiled, Turkish and cafetiere coffee.
		Cafestol is present in unfiltered coffee brew types, such as Scandanavian boiled, Turkish, and Cafetière (or French-press) coffee.
		Cafestol acts as a potential activator for both FXR and PXR, and this may contribute to its effect on cholesterol balance, say researchers.
	www.endo-society.org /media/2005-research-summaries/Thyroid.cfm (5415 words)

	McDougall Newsletter - Coffee
		The paper effectively traps the cafestol and kahweol; and as a result, a person’s cholesterol and triglyceride levels are little affected by this filtered beverage.
		Instant coffee is almost devoid of cafestol and kahweol, and would also be a good choice for someone only concerned about the cholesterol-raising effects of coffee.
		Decaffeination does not reduce the levels of cafestol and kahweol; you can expect similar raises (10%) in your cholesterol and triglycerides with decaf coffee, just as you would with unfiltered regular coffee.
	www.nealhendrickson.com /mcdougall/2004nl/040700pucoffee.htm (1365 words)

	Effect of a coffee lipid (cafestol) on cholesterol metabolism in human skin fibroblasts -- Halvorsen et al. 39 (4): 901 ...
		LPDS (5 mg protein/ml) in the presence or absence of cafestol
		of cafestol from 10 to 50 µg/ml we observed a significant
		The effect of cafestol and 25-hydroxycholesterol on the amount of mRNA for the LDL receptor and ß-actin.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/39/4/901 (5765 words)

	Cafestol Increases Serum Cholesterol Levels in Apolipoprotein E3-Leiden Transgenic Mice by Suppression of Bile Acid ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)*
		Separate effects of the coffee diterpenes cafestol and kahweol on serum lipids and liver aminotransferases.
		Cafestol, the cholesterol-raising factor in boiled coffee, suppresses bile acid synthesis by downregulation of cholesterol 7
		Effect of coffee lipids (cafestol and kahweol) on regulation of cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/20/6/1551 (3634 words)

	Coffee & Health News
		Cafestol and kahweol, two coffee specific diterpenes with anticarcinogenic activity.
		In animal models and cell culture systems, the coffee diterpenes cafestol and kahweol (C+K) were shown to produce a broad range of biochemical effects resulting in a reduction of the genotoxicity of several carcinogens including 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP).
		The coffee-specific diterpenes cafestol and kahweol (C + K) have been reported to be anticarcinogenic in several animal models.
	www.mc.vanderbilt.edu /coffee/news3.html (2750 words)

	The coffee diterpene cafestol increases plasma triacylglycerol by increasing the production rate of large VLDL ...
		This was reflected in a significant increase in the VLDL
		Cafestol increases serum cholesterol levels in apolipoprotein E*3-Leiden mice by suppression of bile acid synthesis.
		Cafestol, the cholesterol-raising factor in boiled coffee, suppresses bile acid synthesis by downregulation of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and sterol 27-hydroxylase in rat hepatocytes.
	www.ajcn.org /cgi/content/full/73/1/45 (4190 words)

	The coffee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The diterpenes cafestol and kahweol (CandK) have been identified in animal models as two potentially chemoprotective agents present in green and roasted coffee beans.
		Two complementary mechanisms may account for the chemopreventive action of cafestol and kahweol against aflatoxin B1 in rats.
		A decrease in the expression of the rat activating cytochrome P450s (CYP2C11 and CYP3A2) was observed, as well as a strong induction of the expression of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) subunit GST Yc2, which is known to detoxify highly the most genotoxic metabolite of AFB1.
	www.mold-survivor.com /ratscoffee.htm (263 words)

	Effect of Coffee Lipids (Cafestol and Kahweol) on Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism in HepG2 Cells -- Rustan et al. ...
		Cafestol (purity 99%) and a mixture of cafestol and kahweol (48%
		The cytotoxicity of cafestol and the cafestol-kahweol mixture
		In the presence of 20 to 30 µg/mL cafestol, the uptake
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/17/10/2140 (6752 words)

	Coffee and cholestrol - Cardiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		I'm not sure if decaf has cafestol and kahweol left, but my guess is that it has.
		Effects of cafestol and kahweol from coffee grounds on serum lipids and serum liver enzymes in humans.
		Cafestol and kahweol, which raise cholesterol, are probably not involved in raising homocysteine.
	www.medicaltalk.org /_Coffee_and_cholestrol-24544421-9-a.html (7023 words)

	EXN.ca \| Discovery
		A new study by Dutch researchers has shown that it's not the coffee itself that boosts LDL or "bad" cholesterol in the blood, but rather the process of making the aromatic brew.
		By using a French press to brew the coffee, such as the popular Bodum coffee plunger, it was discovered that the fine metal mesh of the carafe leaves behind two chemicals - cafestol and kahweol - that paper-filter coffee machines totally screen out.
		Urgert and his colleagues, however, point to similar studies from Scandinavia from the 1980's and early 1990's that back up their own findings on cafestol and kahweol in non-filtered coffee.
	www.exn.ca /Stories/1996/12/02/01.asp (579 words)

	International Mammalian Genome Society 1999 Abstracts
		In contrast to non-transgenic mice, the main lipid change in the E3L mice takes place in the Very Low Density Lipoprotein fraction, allowing the analysis of genetic factors involved in VLDL metabolism.
		In addition, they show a profound diet-induced hyperlipidemia and susceptibility to atherosclerosis and are highly susceptible to cafestol.
		Cafestol is a diterpene from coffee beans and is a very potent cholesterol-raising substance in E3L mice and in man. We use two different, complementary tools to identify new genes involved in lipid metabolism and susceptibility to atherosclerosis:
	www.imgs.org /abstracts/99abstracts/moen.shtml (420 words)

	CAFFEINE
		Researchers even isolated a fatlike chemical in coffee, cafestol, that was clearly responsible for the rise.
		However, the brewing methods used in the lab studies involved boiling ground coffee in water, a method that produces extremely high concentrations of cafestol.
		By contrast, the filter and percolation brewing methods used by more than nine of ten Americans remove all but a trace of cafestol.
	www.brucerosemanmd.com /id105.htm (4381 words)

	NEJM -- The effect on serum cholesterol levels of coffee brewed by filtering or boiling
		Rustan, A. C., Halvorsen, B., Huggett, A. C., Ranheim, T., Drevon, C. Effect of Coffee Lipids (Cafestol and Kahweol) on Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism in HepG2 Cells.
		Post, S. M., de Wit, E. M., Princen., H. Cafestol, the Cholesterol-Raising Factor in Boiled Coffee, Suppresses Bile Acid Synthesis by Downregulation of Cholesterol 7{alpha}-Hydroxylase and Sterol 27-Hydroxylase in Rat Hepatocytes.
		Halvorsen, B., Ranheim, T., Nenseter, M. S., Huggett, A. C., Drevon, C. Effect of a coffee lipid (cafestol) on cholesterol metabolism in human skin fibroblasts.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/321/21/1432 (645 words)

	Brian Jepson’s Weblog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Researchers even isolated a fatlike chemical in coffee, cafestol, that
		It was a few months later that I learned about cafestol.
		If you are unable to find anything in these search results, you can try one of these links.
	www.jepstone.net /blog?s=cafestol (325 words)

	CoffeeGeek - Coffee: Machines and Brewing Methods, Basic equipment assessment questions....... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Of note is this excerpt from a 1999 report regarding cafestol and kahweol which can raise cholesterol levels:
		The highest concentration of these constituents occurs in Scandinavian-style (cafestol: 7.2 mg/cup [cup = 150 mL]; kahweol: 7.2 mg/cup) and Turkish-style (cafestol: 5.3 mg/cup; kahweol: 5.4 mg/cup) boiled coffee, while instant, drip-filtered, and percolated coffee brews contain negligible amounts.
		French press coffee has an average cafestol content of 3.5 mg/cup and kahweol content of 4.4 mg/cup, while espresso coffee has 1 mg/cup of each diterpene (Gross et al., 1997; Urgert et al., 1995b)."
	www.coffeegeek.com /forums/coffee/machines/108928?Page=3 (1412 words)

	Comparison of effect of cafetiere and filtered coffee on serum concentrations of liver aminotransferases and lipids: ...
		coffee, which is rich in the diterpenes cafestol and kahweol,
		The effect does not subside with prolonged intake.
		of coffee brews rich in cafestol and kahweol may thus be responsible
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/313/7069/1362 (708 words)

	CoffeeGeek - Coffee: Questions and Answers, Best "Cheap" Drip Coffeemaker? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A 1995 study suggested that these compounds possibly help raise levels of the type of cholesterol that can block your arteries.
		Negative effects are restricted to the effects of cafestol and kahweol in increasing blood cholesterol - This 1999 report
		"The content of cafestol and kahweol in a coffee drink is significantly influenced by the brew method (Gross et al., 1997).
	www.coffeegeek.com /forums/coffee/questions/98754 (1208 words)

	Nutrition Action Healthletter - Caffeine: Heart Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		And, as long as you drink instant or filtered drip coffee (which most home coffee machines make and most restaurants and coffee houses serve), odds are they’re not raising your LDL (“bad”) cholesterol or your triglycerides.
		That’s because filters remove most of the cafestol and kahweol.
		So does the processing that goes into making instant coffee.
	www.cspinet.org /nah/caffeine/heart_disease.htm (305 words)

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