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Topic: Cali Cartel

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	Cali Cartel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cali Cartel (Spanish: Cartel de Cali) is a drug cartel based in the south part of Colombia, around the city of Cali.
		According to some estimates at its height the Cali Cartel controlled 80% of the cocaine exports from Colombia to the United States.
		Some observers consider the cartel to have fragmented somewhat in recent years, and that it does not hold as much power as it once did, due to law enforcement efforts and the emergence of smaller cartels, though many of its newer members and drug trade routes still continue to operate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cartel_De_Cali (170 words)

	THE CALI CARTEL
		The structure and reason for the Cali Cartel being called a cartel is the same for that of the Medellin Cartel.
		The Cali cartel got New York and the Medellin were to have Florida.
		The Medellin cartel started trying to move into the New York territory and accused the Cali cartel of collaborating with the Colombian government to have leaders of the Medellin cartel arrested.
	fbox.vt.edu /users/tyjones/COLOMBIAWEBSITEPROJ/CALI.htm (736 words)

	a:oc-7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Colombian cartels are structured in what could be characterized as an onion-like layering of organizational power with kingpins at the center directing operations but insulated by layer upon layer of protective subordinate operatives.
		The Cali Cartel produced between 70 and 80% of the cocaine reaching the United States during the 1990s and 90% of the drug sold in Europe (Shannon, 1991; Meddis, 1995).
		Up until the mid 1990s, the Cali Cartel was successful in insulating itself from government interference through political corruption and extensive business investments in Colombia and in the U.S. Unlike their Medellin counterparts, the Cali Cartel's approach has been that of subtlety.
	www.jsnet.eku.edu /matt/potter/crj401_11.htm (7237 words)

	IMPUNITY: Case - Gerardo Bedoya Borrero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Most Cali Cartel leaders were in prison by 1996, but their control over drug trafficking was far from over.
		Cali is a conservative tropical city, where Bedoya's long-term bachelor status was viewed with suspicion.
		Cali's Palace of Justice is a somewhat rundown, mint-green structure built like a maze in the 1950s.
	www.impunidad.com /cases/bedoyaE.htm (4739 words)

	Tranformations - Cali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Firearms were banned in Cali in 1993-94 and in Bogata in 1995-97 with the result as follows: “The incidence of homicide was lower during periods when the firearm-carrying ban was in effect compared with other periods (multivariate-adjusted rate ratio, 0.86 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.76-0.97] for Cali, and 0.87 [95% CI, 0.77-0.98] for Bogotá).
		She writes Cali is “a city where her church must hire armed guards and where the church must be protected by barbed wired (which we understand is soon to be replaced by a 10-12 foot wall if permission is granted).
		Cali is still one of the drug capitols and there is much violence and even the church where this all began fears something bad will happen pursuing protection.
	www.concernedchristians.50megs.com /page2.html (3962 words)

	The Cali Drug Cartel
		Cali's activities begin at the stage where coca leaves, purchased from Bolivian, Peruvian and Columbian farmers, are processed into powdered cocaine.
		Cali's network is also highly compartmentalised, and proficient at laundering the large quantities of cash it generates.
		If Cali were to move into the heroin trade, either by negotiation or by force, they could apply their sophisticated distribution network and secure a large share of this profitable market.
	www.darkside.com.au /mba/cali.html (1423 words)

	HISTORY OF THE ICE INVESTIGATION INTO COLOMBIA’S CALI DRUG CARTEL AND THE RODRIGUEZ-OREJUELA BROTHERS
		Their efforts have led to the conviction and jailing of more than 100 members of Colombia’s Cali drug cartel, including the Rodriguez-Orejuela brothers, who pleaded guilty to Colombian charges and were jailed in Colombia, as well as many cell managers and organizational lawyers convicted during U.S. trials.
		The ICE wiretap was up for only 6 days and resulted in the identification of 20 Cali cartel members in Miami as well as ledgers accounting for $56 million in drug proceeds collected in Miami alone during the previous 10 months.
		The indictment charged the Cali cartel with the importation of 200,000 kilograms of cocaine and the laundering of $2 billion dollars from 1983 through 1995.
	www.ice.gov /text/news/newsreleases/backgrounds/CaliCartel.htm (1141 words)

	Measuring the Deterrent Effect of Enforcement Operations on Drug Smuggling, 1991-1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The old-line Cali cartel was comprised of a loose association of five major drug syndicates, each responsible for distinct aspects of the business.
		In the late 1980's, Cali leaders were able to augment their enterprise while the Colombian government focused their resources on disrupting the Medellin cartel.
		The Tijuana cartel is a multi-drug trafficking organization that uses the Baja California region to import narcotics into the U.S. When founder Miguel Angel Felix-Gallardo was incarcerated in 1989, he passed the cartel on to the Arellano-Felix brothers: Alberto Benjamin, Ramon, and Eduardo.
	www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov /publications/enforce/measure_effect_2001/appendixb.html (4467 words)

	USATODAY.com - Colombia takes charge of pharmacy chain linked to Cali cartel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Cali cartel controlled global cocaine trafficking in the 1990s after the demise of the rival Medellin cartel, shipping hundreds of tons of cocaine to the United States and beyond.
		Oscar Naranjo, commander of the Judicial Police, said the confiscation of the chain marked the death knell of the Cali cartel.
		In Cali, where the chain is based, dozens of its employees, some wearing white T-shirts emblazoned with "Let us work," demonstrated in front of the city's cathedral because they feared for their jobs.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2004-09-17-colombia-cartel_x.htm (658 words)

	The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 375 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		RC: As former Colombian President Ernesto Samper told me: "The Cali cartel was the key element in taking down Escobar." The cartel gathered intelligence on Escobar's movements as he sought to hide from the authorities, and they helped finance the group called the PEPES (People Persecuted by Pablo Escobar), which was instrumental in Pablo's takedown.
		Ironically, the Cali cartel had sealed its own takedown, but it was in a life and death struggle with Escobar and had no choice.
		RC: The Cali cartel takedown shows that law enforcement can only be successful against criminals when its agencies cooperate and share and when the US government pursues a multilateral policy of honesty.
	www.thedailystar.net /2005/06/17/d50617150299.htm?http://www.thedailystar.net/2005/06/17/d50617150299.htm= (1417 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Latin America/Caribbean / Cali drug cartel boss extradited to U.S. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The co-founder of the Cali drug cartel, which at its peak ruled the world's cocaine industry, was sent in handcuffs on a plane Friday to the United States to face trial for drug trafficking and related charges.
		BOGOTA, Colombia --The co-founder of the Cali drug cartel, which at its peak ruled the world's cocaine industry, was sent in handcuffs on a plane Friday to the United States to face trial for drug trafficking and related charges.
		At its height following the collapse of Pablo Escobar's rival Medellin cartel, the Cali cartel controlled 80 percent of the world's cocaine trade, exporting drugs hidden in everything from hollow lumber and concrete fence posts to chlorine cylinders, frozen broccoli and okra.
	www.boston.com /news/world/latinamerica/articles/2005/03/11/cali_drug_cartel_boss_extradited_to_us?mode=PF (563 words)

	Son of Cali drug cartel leader wounded in attack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Rodriguez, a lawyer and vice president of the Cali soccer club America, is the son of jailed Cali cartel kingpin Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela.
		The top Cali cartel leaders -- Miguel Rodriguez, his brother Gilberto, and Jose Santacruz -- were jailed last year under intense U.S. pressure.
		The Cali cartel, which dominates the global cocaine trade and is a major supplier of heroin, allegedly gave President Ernesto Samper $6 million dollars to win the 1994 election.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/page1/96/05/24/colombia.html (254 words)

	Indiana Printing & Publishing Co.
		The Cali cartel controlled the world's cocaine trafficking networks in the mid-1990s but went into decline after its leaders were arrested in 1995.
		Gilberto and Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela, the two brothers who led the Cali cartel, were recently extradited to Miami to face trial.
		Colombian investigations have shown the Cali cartel contributed millions of dollars to Samper's 1994 presidential campaign, although he claimed ignorance of the donations.
	www.zwire.com /site/news.cfm?BRD=1078&dept_id=151021&newsid=14174191&PAG=461&rfi=9 (692 words)

	Washington File
		At the time of their arrests in 1995, the brothers and their cartel were believed to be the source of 80 percent of the cocaine shipped to the United States.
		The indictment of these Cali cartel leaders, who were responsible for the destruction of thousands of lives worldwide, makes all the sacrifice worthwhile.
		Miguel Rodriguez-Orejuela, is the younger of the Rodriguez brothers and a leader of the Cali cartel.
	www.globalsecurity.org /security/library/news/2003/12/sec-031224-usia01.htm (1395 words)

	Leader of Cali drug cartel escapes prison in Colombia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Jose Santacruz Londono, a kingpin in the Cali cartel, removed a one-way mirror from an interrogation room and slipped through the opening, apparently with the help of accomplices, said Norberto Pelaez, head of the national prison system.
		Santacruz was involved with the Rodriguez brothers in the late 1960s in a gang accused of kidnapping two Swiss citizens for ransom.
		The Cali cartel is responsible for most of the cocaine distributed in the world.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/96/01/12/colombia.html (522 words)

	Colombia World News
		Cali drug cartel boss extradited to U.S. BOGOTA, Colombia - The co-founder of the Cali drug cartel, which at its peak ruled the world's cocaine industry, was sent in handcuffs on a plane Friday to the United States to face trial for drug tra...
		Cali drug cartel boss extradited to U.S. In this photo released by the Colombian National Police, confessed drug trafficker, Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela, center, is escorted by police officers to a U.S. government airplane at the...
		The co-founder of the Cali drug cartel, which at its peak ruled the world's cocaine industry, was sent in handcuffs on a plane Friday to t...
	archive.wn.com /2005/03/12/1400/colombiaworldnews (1104 words)

	Time: New kings of coke: now that Pablo Escobar is behind bars, the Cali cartel controls the lucrative - and deadly - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Time: New kings of coke: now that Pablo Escobar is behind bars, the Cali cartel controls the lucrative - and deadly - business of putting cocaine on America's streets.
		New kings of coke: now that Pablo Escobar is behind bars, the Cali cartel controls the lucrative - and deadly - business of putting cocaine on America's streets.
		Now that Pablo Escobar is behind bars, the Cali cartel controls the lucrative - and deadly - business of putting cocaine on America's streets.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:10902809&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (317 words)

	Another war without winners: Business as usual for drug dealers, despite cartel takedown
		In the 1980s, under the leadership of the notorious Pablo Escobar, the Medellin Cartel, the Cali Cartel’s chief competitor, grabbed the headlines and became a household name in Colombia as it tried to become part of the political establishment and eventually went to war with the state.
		The Cali Cartel, on the other hand, adopted a more business-like approach and went about building its criminal empire quietly, downplaying violence and terror as the principle means of achieving its objective.
		Gone is the huge structure that the Cali Cartel represented, with its thousands of employees, a global reach of a multinational corporation, large scale shipments of illegal drugs, and Fortune 500-like revenues that reached $8 billion annually.
	www.vermontguardian.com /global/052005/CaliCartel.shtml (1274 words)

	José Santacruz Londono: No. 3 of Cali Drug Cartel in Colombia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Santacruz had been hiding out in Medellin because he thought police would be combing Cali, the cartel homebase where he owns hundreds of apartments and other properties, Serrano said.
		Medellin was the headquarters for drug lord Pablo Escobar, whose rival cartel fought a terrorist war against the Cali gang and the state for years.
		He was believed responsible for the 1992 killing of journalist Manuel de Dios Unanue, who was investigating cartel operations in New York, as well as the murder of a Colombian state governor.
	www.rjgeib.com /heroes/unanue/londono.html (487 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Americas \| Profile: Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela
		Rodriguez Orejuela founded the cartel in the 1970s with Jose Santacruz-Londono, who was shot dead by police in 1996.
		Rather than fight the government of the day, the Cali cartel established good relations with it and was not as actively pursued as its Medellin rival.
		The police, for their part, are said to have referred to the Cali traffickers as the "gentlemen" because of their style, dubbing the Medellin operatives "the hoodlums".
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/americas/2417847.stm (724 words)

	Cali Cartel Founder Extradited to U.S. - TalkLeft: The Politics of Crime (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Cali Cartel Founder Extradited to U.S. - TalkLeft: The Politics of Crime
		Cali Cartel Founder Extradited to U.S. Rodriguez Orejuela, along with his brother, Miguel, founded the infamous Colombian Cali cocaine cartel.
		The Cali cartel was not into massacres of public officials.
	talkleft.com /new_archives/008929.html (1065 words)

	Cali Cartel Threatens Columbian President (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In a statement that was phoned-in to a news network in Colombia, the terrorist group known as "Dignity for Colombia" said that they would launch a new terrorist campaign to get Samper to quit the presidency of this country that is considered to be the most violent in South America.
		It is believed that the cartel is angry at the Colombian president because he took cash from the cartel to help win the 1994 election and has apparently reneged on a backroom deal to go easy on the cartel.
		The Interior Minister of the country said that the objective of "Dignity for Colombia" was "to cause chaos in Colombia and destabilize the government." Police authorities in Colombia suspect that the terrorist group is responsible for the June 10th bombing in Medellin that killed 26 people.
	www.emergency.com /colbthrt.htm (528 words)

	Cali cartel leader caught in drug swoop - www.smh.com.au
		Henao Montoya is believed to be a top leader of the Norte de Valle drug cartel, which operates out of the city of Cali in south-western Colombia.
		The Cali Cartel took over the world cocaine trade after his death.
		With the imprisonment of several Cali drug lords in the mid-1990s, Colombia's drug trade was divided up among various smaller organisations, including the Norte de Valle Cartel.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2004/01/11/1073769444980.html (478 words)

	CNN - CNN Presents: The rise and fall of the Cali cocaine cartel - Jan. 6, 1995 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		CALI, Colombia (CNN) -- The Cali Cartel was at one time the world's largest supplier of cocaine.
		The cartel moved cocaine from the jungles of the Amazon, where coca leaves are harvested and processed in outdoor labs, to the streets of cities throughout the world.
		Agents captured the cartel leaders one by one, taking advantage of their human foibles to catch them off guard.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9601/CNN_presents_cali (459 words)

	JS-915: TREASURY DESIGNATES NETWORK OF CALI DRUG CARTEL FRONT COMPANIES
		Today’s action is a follow-up to sanction actions directed against the Cali cartel in February and March of this year.
		The list includes Cali cartel businesses Copservir, and its Drogas La Rebaja drugstore chain and Credirebaja charge card, the Obursatiles stock brokerage and Internacional de Divisas money exchange house, the Cosmepop cosmetics company, the America de Cali professional soccer team, as well as consulting, investment, financial, construction, real estate, agricultural, and distribution firms.
		Carolina RODRIGUEZ ARBELAEZ, a Colombian national and daughter of Cali cartel leader Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela, is the company’s sole administrator.
	www.treas.gov /press/releases/js915.htm (2717 words)

	Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service: Cali cocaine cartel calling for truce after Escobar's death. (Originated from ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		CALI, Colombia _ The white flags appeared within hours of Pablo Escobar's death, flying from the facades of the city's largest chain of discount drug stores.
		The message was clear to Cali residents, who know that La Rebaja pharmacies are owned by the Rodriguez Orejuelas, a family better known for the trafficking of cocaine than the marketing of aspirin.
		Since arch-rival Escobar's fatal shooting by police Thursday, the Cali cartel is calling for a truce _ not only with...
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:14693197&refid=holomed_1 (226 words)

	Cocaine Cartel's Home Page. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Cali Cartel is probably the most publicized drug syndicate in recent times, making a fictional appearance in the movie "Clear and Present Danger", but the Cali Cartel is hardly a fictional group.
		The cartel is not into cocaine, but rather deals in marijuana and some heroin.This cartel has taken advantage of the close proximity of there country to ours by running their drugs across the border.
		The cartel members pick off the flowers and buds of the plant and then mash and grind the plant into a thick mash that is now ready to be marinated with different chemicals and cooked into powdered cocaine.
	staff.esuhsd.org /~balochie/studentprojects/drugsindicates (865 words)

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