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Topic: Calibration (statistics)

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	Model Calibration
		Calibration is the process of modifying the input parameters to a groundwater model until the output from the model matches an observed set of data.
		When a computed solution is imported to GMS, the point and flux residual errors are plotted on a set of calibration targets and a variety of plots can be generated showing overall calibration statistics.
		In addition to the calibration targets next to the observation points, you can choose to display any of a number of statistical plots.
	www.ems-i.com /gmshelp/Model_Calibration/Model_Calibration.htm (342 words)

	Statistics
		Bureau of Justice Statistics The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is a department of the statistics.
		Bureau of Labor Statistics The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is the unit of the U.S. government in the field of lab...
		Statistics Sweden Statistics Sweden, or Statistiska centralbyrån (SCB), is a Örebro.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/statistics.html (1062 words)

	List of statistical topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Statistical Inference on the TI-83/86/89 - Contains problems and solutions on general topics of probability distributions, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, analysis of variance, and correlation analysis.
		Statistical Topics in Hillwalking - Articles and information of a statistical or scientific nature for hillwalkers.
		Statistical Mechanics and Complex Systems, Texas, USA - E-prints and tutorials in chaos physics and other topics.
	www.nebulasearch.com /encyclopedia/article/List_of_statistical_topics.html (728 words)

	FCSM - Evaluating a One Number Approach to teh Agricultural Census
		Calibration is needed to project State level census totals adjusted for duplication and misclassification to finer levels of aggregation.
		Calibration at the county level decreases the likelihood that Caljack will converge to a single solution since there are more variables for the algorithm to solve.
		Despite the fact that calibration at the county level is possible, the fact that NASS estimates eventually "move" towards Census estimates indicates that it is reasonable to calibrate only at the state or possibly district level for a few major items.
	www.fcsm.gov /99papers/crouse.html (3832 words)

	Experiments carried out in the frame of WP3000
		This procedure does not affect the calibration ability of our method, since dealing with simulated control data instead of real data we are based rather on the error estimation given by collocation instead of the statistics of the differences between the predicted and the control values.
		The statistics of the original and reduced free-air gravity anomalies is shown in Table 2.
		Results in terms of the statistics of the differences between predicted-observed quantities in the region (A), concerning the determination of the size of required area with terrestrial gravity data.
	www.gfy.ku.dk /~cct/wp3000/WP3000-v6.htm (1555 words)

	Analysis Tools for E93
		The calibration procedure aligns the position of a track in tagger elements with the corresponding position in the nearest layer of the front array.
		The trigger calibration corrects the mean time in the front array for the correlation between time and position, using events with a single hit in the front array and none in the front tagger.
		For some runs the peak at the left edge is small and the calibration identifies the right edge of the dip as the end of the detector, while in other runs the left peak is strong enough that the program chooses the left edge of this peak as the end of the detector.
	www.physics.umd.edu /enp/e93038/time_calibration.htm (3183 words)

	Statistics Seminar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Multivariate calibration of spectroscopic data is frequently used for the quantitative analysis of a wide variety of materials in the agricultural and food industries, manufacturing industries, and medical sciences.
		To date, most of the research activities in the multivariate calibration literature have focused on data analysis for model building and prediction with methods such as principal components regression or partial least squares regression.
		Through examples involving diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, it is demonstrated how consideration of environmental and instrumental factors during the experimental design phase can result in a calibration model that is robust (against natural environmental and instrument variations) and is easy to maintain.
	www.math.unm.edu /colloquia/thomas.htm (139 words)

	Comprehending Behavioral Statistics Preface
		Students of statistics who do well on quizzes and midterm exams may nonetheless perform poorly on a cumulative final.
		Because traditional statistics textbooks fail to incorporate practice in one of the most important skills: the ability to discriminate between procedures.
		Definitions of statistical terms and symbols are given both in the margins of pages where they initially appear and in the Glossary at the back of the book.
	www.nevada.edu /~russ/cbspref.html (1994 words)

	Land Use Change Assessment Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Calibration has been completed using our genetic algorithm method, maximizing on the "population," "edges," "compare," "clusters," and "mean cluster size" statistics, while "population," "edges," "compare," "clusters," "mean cluster size," and "leesalee" were the final selection criteria..
		We have completed calibration for the model with historical input beginning with the 1960s data.
		Four calibrations were performed with boom/bust turned on and off, and with weighted and non-weighted roads.
	www.csam.montclair.edu /luca/Calibration/calibration2.html (173 words)

	ATSDR - Water Distribution System Model, Dover Township Area, New Jersey
		To assess the goodness-of-fit of the calibrated model to field conditions, a comparison of measured hourly pressure values with simulated hourly pressure values is presented in Figure 12A (March 1998) and 12B (August 1998).
		Information from the calibrated model of the distribution system indicates that approximately 1,000 hours (42 days) are needed for the entire system to reach a dynamic equilibrium condition in terms of the mixing of a chemical constituent (such as barium) in the storage tanks (e.g., Holiday City ground-level storage tank shown in Appendix Q).
		These statistical analyses (model bias, geometric bias, and correlation coefficient) provide further evidence that the model of the water-distribution system presented herein (both hydraulic and water quality components): (1) is reasonably calibrated, and (2) provides an acceptable representation of the 1998 water-distribution system characteristics for our intended use.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HS/dover/dov_p2b.html (4425 words)

	Zeltex, Inc. - Calibration of Zeltex ZX-800 for Grain Analysis
		To develop a statistically sound operating protocol for using this unit in a marketing situation where another brand was being used as the standard.
		Calibrations were generated by Partial Least Squares, using Unscrambler 7.0 (Camo AS, Norway) and cross validation for prediction statistics.
		Spectral standardization removes approximately 50% of the variation between units and inclusion of other units in the calibrations has been documented to be an effective process for desensitizing calibrations for transferability.
	www.zeltex.com /cal.html (1290 words)

	Calibration Procedures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Sensors were calibrated at PMEL by immersing them in a controlled water bath and measuring their output voltage at seven temperatures over a range of 14°C to 32°C. The resultant temperature-voltage pairs were fit to a least squares linear equation.
		Sensors were calibrated at PMEL by immersing them in a controlled water bath and measuring their output resistance at seven temperatures over a range of 14°C to 32°C. The resultant temperature-resistance pairs were fit to a non-linear equation (Fig.
		Statistics for ATLAS I/O boards were larger than for PROTEUS boards presumably because of the inclusion of the 0 v calibration point in their calibration procedure (see discussion in the AT board individual calibration section above).
	www.pmel.noaa.gov /toga-toa/cal.html (5029 words)

	Groundwater models- calibration of groundwater models in Visual MODFLOW
		All of the calibration plots are fully-customizable in terms of axis scaling, titles, legends, fonts, and colors.
		Calibration statistics are also displayed with the graph and are updated according to the data displayed on the scatter plot.
		The calibration residuals histogram plots the normalized population of the observations vs. the interval range of normalized residual values.
	www.rockware.com /catalog/pages/visualmodflowcal.html (322 words)

	Statistics
		The conversion of radiocarbon age into calendar age, or "calibration", is provided by the intersection of each of the measurements with a calibration curve established by dendrochronology.
		The whole question is to know whether this gap is normal, statistically, that is to say, whether it corresponds to the Laplace-Gauss law, the classical law of errors performed on large samples, provided the observations are made independently.
		There is a slight uncertainty associated with the calibration curve itself, in certain places estimated at a deviation of up to ± 20 years, illustrated by the two curves surrounding the mean curve.
	www.crc-internet.org /shroud7.htm (506 words)

	JOS Online: Abstract
		Calibration has become a widely used procedure for estimation in sample surveys.
		Calibration requires that we know population totals (control totals) for one or more auxiliary variables (x-variables).
		Usually, other x-variables are significant in explaining y but are excluded from the calibration because they are either not observed in the sample or their control totals are unknown.
	www.jos.nu /Articles/abstract.asp?article=164379 (315 words)

	2MASS Extended Mission: Working Databases - Point Source Reliability
		The highly reduandant observations of the 2MASS Calibration Fields provide a means to assess reliability of point source extractions in the various working databases from the Survey.
		In this memo, we use the confirmation statistics for point sources extracted from four calibration fields to form a truth table against which the the reliability of point sources drawn from survey scans can be compared as functions of various parameters.
		We use the calibration scan confirmation statistics for each source in the survey WDB to determine if the source is real or not, and compile reliability statistics as a function of source properties in the survey scans.
	spider.ipac.caltech.edu /staff/roc/2mass/extmis/wdb/reliability/calrep/calrep_reliab.html (1075 words)

	SNTEMP (In)Frequently Asked Questions: Calibration and Validation Issues
		The statistics of more importance might be not the overall statistics but the statistics more closely representing the flow(s), time(s), and place(s) of interest.
		The model as calibrated tends to under simulate water temperatures, though it may be more important to see how the model performs at the mouth of the river during the spring.
		The formula for all the job control calibration constants is Y^ = A0 + A1(Y) where Y^ is the "new" value, A0 is the "constant" and A1 is the "coefficient" in terms of what is called for in the job control file.
	www.mesc.usgs.gov /products/Publications/4037/faq_calibration.asp (3932 words)

	Opentracker - Web metrics, web analytics and website statistics
		Specifically, the statistics discussed here are a translation from raw data, clicks, and server-browser dialogues, into a user interface from which patterns can be discerned.
		That is why the system requires constant calibration, in terms of what people really want to know, which in turn determines what should be measured.
		Therefore it is up to statistics programmes to present the statistics in a way that is useful for webmasters of different sized sites.
	www.opentracker.net /en/articles/web-metrics-site-statistics.jsp (1322 words)

	Groundwater Model Calibration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		GMS provides a suite of options for model calibration including calibration targets and plots of calibration statistics.
		The calibration target displays the relationship of the computed value to the measured value in a simple, intuitive manner.
		The quality of a calibration exercise is greatly enhanced when flux observations are combined with point observations.
	gms.watermodeling.org /html/groundwater-calibration.html (119 words)

	MegaCam Data Calibration
		That WCS information is based on a single value of the telescope pointing (the center of the field) extrapolated to the 36 CCDs based on their relative instrumental metrology (X-Y offsets and rotation).
		The role of the Elixir astrometric calibration is to update these existing keywords with a more precise solution.
		The goal of the Elixir calibration is to provide the photometric equations parameters allowing the measurement of magnitudes in the Sloan system (SDSS).
	www.cfht.hawaii.edu /Science/CFHTLS-DATA/megaprimecalibration.html (809 words)

	FPS Economy - Directorate-general Statistics Belgium
		Country Portal : statistical data on all the countries of the world.
		All you need to do is copy the url from the French web page (ending almost always on "fr.asp") you would like to read and then ask to translate "from French to English".
		ECODATA : The largest interactive compilation of socio-economic statistics in Belgium.
	statbel.fgov.be /home_en.asp (166 words)

	Generalised Calibration
		Vanderhoeft C. (2001a) : Generalised Calibration at Statistics Belgium.
		Statistics Belgium Working Paper n°3 (206 pages - PDF - 1.3 MB) : an extensive and rigorous review of theory.
		Statistics Belgium Working Paper n°3, "Generalised Calibration at Statistics Belgium - SPSS® Module g-CALIB-S and Current Practices".
	www.statbel.fgov.be /studies/cal_en.asp (599 words)

	Calibration And Evaluation Of Envisat Temperature And Ozone Data Using Statistics (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Calibration And Evaluation Of Envisat Temperature And Ozone Data Using Statistics (ResearchIndex)
		Calibration And Evaluation Of Envisat Temperature And Ozone Data Using Statistics
		This work provides the template for future work on the calibration and evaluation of temperature and ozone data from the GOMOS, MIPAS and...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /549291.html (308 words)

	NCSA libTrCalibr (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		EVL's approach where the measurements for the calibration table need to be done on the regular grid in the tracked space.
		This function takes the calibration table calt loaded by readcalibfile, builds the polynomials of the given order, fits the validation table valt loaded by readcalibfil, and computes the statistics regarding the quality of the fit.
		This function takes the calibration table calt loaded by readcalibfile, sorts it into tetrahedrons and computes the errors, interpolates the validation table valt loaded by readcalibfil, and computes the statistics regarding the quality of the interpolation.
	archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu /VEG/VPS/emtc/libtrcalib.html (1004 words)

	Directory of Academic Statisticians 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Medical statistics, causes of cancer and heart disease, clinical trials in cancer and heart disease, genetics, overviews of randomized trials, epidemiology, power and sample size calculations.
		Capture-recapture in wildlife and epidemiology, statistical ecology, heterogeneity.
		Statistical methods in nutritional and genetic epidemiology, logistic regression, generalised linear regression, haplotype analysis, gene-gene and gene-environment interaction studies and epidemiological studies (cohort & case-control studies).
	www.swan.ac.uk /statistics/das/dirint2.htm (4984 words)

	Exercise 27 - Region 4 Exercise Manual (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		FVS has an algorithm for calculating calibration factors from growth measurements in the input data. These calibration factors are incorporated into every simulation by default to help account for localized differences in tree growth.
		The NOCALIB keyword can be used to turn calibration off for all species or for just a specific species. In this example, we will turn calibration off for all species, which is the default. Read the NOCALIB keyword description.
		There is a process of calibration attenuation that you should be aware of. Over time, the scale factor is attenuated to a value half way between the initial scale factor and 1.0.
	www.cnr.usu.edu /ONLINE/SIMULATION/r4ex_27.htm (448 words)

	2MASS Explanatory Supplement Appendix: Combined Calibration Scan Images
		Due to the positional offsets introduced during the special processing and the fact that the calibration scans were positionally reconstructed with respect to the USNOA catalog, instead of the Tycho-2 catalog used for the Survey scans, each calibration scan was corrected for positional offsets, relative to the 2MASS All-Sky Catalog.
		This was done by projecting the 2MASS Catalog sources onto the grid coordinates for the calibration field, computing the offsets for each source relative to DAOPHOT extractions (see A4.3) for each scan, and computing the average offset in each axis for each scan.
		Due to variation in the S/N for the scans of a given calibration field, it was necessary to noise-weight the scans during stacking, in addition to correcting each scan for atmospheric transparency (i.e., zeropoint).
	www.ipac.caltech.edu /2mass/releases/allsky/doc/seca7_2.html (2323 words)

	Dr Caitlin E Buck, Department of Probability and Statistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		During that time, I continued my research on the application of statistics to archaeology and moving to the University of Sheffield, Department of Probability and Statistics in mid-2001.
		Researchers from around the world are welcome to use the service for any radiocarbon calibration that might benefit from the integration of chronological information from a range of sources.
		I am also working on ways to improve the Bayesian radiocarbon calibration framework and have a number of collaborative projects with colleagues in the UK and overseas.
	www.shef.ac.uk /st1ceb (823 words)

	NIR Publications - Statistics in Spectroscopy
		This text offers a basic hands-on approach to statistical analysis for chemists and spectroscopists.
		This book is designed to provide the reader with the basic principles underlying the use of common mathematical and statistical tools.
		With exercises throughout, this book is also suitable for use as a textbook in analytical chemistry, instrumental analysis, and statistics in chemistry courses.
	www.nirpublications.com /statist.html (75 words)

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