California Proposition 209 (1996)

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Topic: California Proposition 209 (1996)

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	California Proposition 209 (1996) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Proposition 209 was a 1996 California ballot proposition which amended the state Constitution to prohibit public institutions from discriminating on the basis of race, sex, or ethnicity.
		One response to Proposition 209 was the establishment of the IDEAL Scholars Fund to provide community and financial support for "underrepresented" students at the University of California at Berkeley.
		Proposition 209 was voted into law on 5 November 1996.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Proposition_209 (263 words)

	The Clinton Administration's Opposition to the California Civil Rights Initiative Argues for Affirmative Action Status Quo Apr 97
		On December 23, 1996, the district court entered a preliminary injunction barring enforcement of Proposition 209 pending a trial on the merits.
		Proposition 209 is infirm because it places unusual burdens on women and minorities in obtaining "legislation specifically designed to overcome the 'special condition' of prejudice." A requirement of strict scrutiny for gender classifications does not suffer from that infirmity.
		Prior to the passage of Proposition 209, minorities and women who sought narrowly tailored race- or gender-conscious relief to overcome the effects of discrimination were free to lobby their city council or school board for that relief.
	www.siop.org /tip/backissues/tipapr97/sharf.htm (3919 words)

	TP Prop 209 12-96
		Proposition 209, the welfare act and a host of other laws are designed to end the social contract that is a tacit agreement between the rulers of society and the people.
		Proposition 209 is an ugly political law which appealed to the most mean-spirited, shallow defense of privilege.
		Proposition 209 is going to finish the job of destroying their education.
	www.lrna.org /league/TP/!TP.96.12/prop209.eng.9612.html (589 words)

	California repudiates racial, ethnic, & sex preferences
		University of California students at Berkeley, in anger at the endorsement of Proposition 209 by the Daily Californian, stole nearly all 23,000 copies of the student paper on November 5th.
		The Orwellian logic of this claim is that Proposition 209 violates the rights of women and racial minorities because, under its language, discrimination on the grounds of age, disability, or veteran status is still allowable.
		Lawyers for both systems claim that Proposition 209 conflicts with state statutes with which they must comply.
	www.cir-usa.org /articles/78.html (887 words)

	Prop. 209 opponents aren't giving up
		The American Civil Liberties Union filed a lawsuit in San Francisco the morning after the election claiming Proposition 209 is unconstitutional, students on UC campuses rioted and demanded that it be ignored, and the city attorney of San Jose proposed what amounts to an evasion of the new law.
		The first is that 209 violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment because it places minorities and women in the position of having to "run a special legislative gauntlet to enact beneficial policies." The second point is that 209 violates the Supremacy Clause because it "stands as an obstacle to.
		The proposition is quite straightforward, and the language is very similar to key parts of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
	www.cir-usa.org /articles/80.html (566 words)

	Faculty Diversity Web @ UCLA - Affirmative Action in California
		We are often asked about the status of affirmative action in the University of California in light of actions taken by the UC Regents in 1995 and the passage of California’s Proposition 209 in 1996.
		However, Proposition 209, passed by California voters in November 1996, prohibits consideration of race and gender in state employment, education and contracting programs--regardless of UC's Regental or administrative policies.
		Actions that must be taken to maintain eligibility for federal funding are exempt from the requirements of Proposition 209.
	faculty.diversity.ucla.edu /affirmative_action/california.html (345 words)

	Girardeau A. Spann, Proposition 209, 47 Duke L. J. 187 (1997)
		Proposition 209 was adopted by the voters of California as a ballot initiative in the November 5, 1996 general election, by a margin of 54 to 46 percent of the nearly 9 million votes cast.
		California law presently contains a number of race- and gender-related programs that were valid under state and federal law prior to the adoption of Proposition 209, but whose validity after adoption of the ballot initiative is uncertain.
		Proposition 209 is also replete with the naughty fascination of forbidden temptation, because of the bewitching possibility that it might be merely a ruse.
	www.law.duke.edu /journals/dlj/articles/DLJ47P187.HTM (16246 words)

	finalpaper-2.doc
		Proposition 209 was clearly very that preferences of any sort would not be acceptable and this was reiterated throughout the ballot and in arguments in favor of its passage.
		Proposition 209 is a state constitutional amendment, and there would be an assumption that the state courts should have jurisdiction over the matter.
		Proposition 209 was read in the broadest terms possible such that one could argue that courts went out to enforce 209 in every possible manner.
	www.ocf.berkeley.edu /~ivan/finalpaper-2.doc (5757 words)

	California's Proposition 209 survives appeal
		Proposition 209 would amend the state constitution "to ban any preferential treatment" based on race, sex, ethnicity or national origin.
		Explaining its refusal to consider that argument, the 9th Circuit said simply that a rehearing of Proposition 209 had failed to gain a majority among the 18 judges eligible to vote.
		California's voter-approved ban on race and sex preferences in government contracting and education cleared its biggest legal hurdle Thursday and will take effect in seven days unless the Supreme Court intervenes.
	www.electricnevada.com /pages97/prop209.htm (634 words)

	Affirmative Action Setbacks
		A ballot initiative in California, Proposition 209, gave a resounding mandate to efforts to roll back the affirmative action policies put in place over the past 30 years to redress discrimination against women and minorities.
		The California law, approved by voters in November 1996 (54–46%) and based on policies instituted at the University of California a year before, prohibits admissions and hiring policies from using race, gender, or ethnicity as factors in choosing candidates.
		Civil rights groups petitioned Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, who handles emergency requests from California, to block enforcement of the new law, which was to go into effect in August.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0194236.html (638 words)

	Analyzing the Impact of Proposition 209 in California Higher Education, Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, Landmark Supreme Court Cases
		Proposition 209 was passed by referendum in California in 1996.
		Analyzing the Impact of Proposition 209 in California Higher Education, Regents of the University of California v.
		The 1998 freshman class within the University of California system was the first to feel the effects of the ban on affirmative action.
	www.landmarkcases.org /bakke/impact.html (433 words)

	Online NewsHour: Redefining Diversity in Law Schools -- January 18, 1999
		California law schools look for new ways to achieve diversity in the wake of the passage of Proposition 209, which eliminated affirmative action from the state's public education system.
		Then a year later, California voters, after a bitter campaign, enacted Proposition 209, that eliminated racial preferences in public education, employment, and contracting.
		An update on California's Proposition 209, the constitutional amendment that would end the state's affirmative action programs.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/education/jan-june99/diversity_1-18.html (1991 words)

	News Update for California Votes NO on 209
		Proposition 209 opponents plan to petition Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor to halt enforcement of Proposition 209, contending that they, not the state, would be the victims of irreparable harm and be placed in a legal quandary in enforcement if the stay is denied.
		Proposition 209 is an extreme measure that will gut equal opportunity efforts such as affirmative action, outreach, counseling and recruiting programs in public employment, education and contracting.
		Citing their hope for success of Prop 209 in California as paving the way for other states in the nation to proceed with their own anti-affirmative action laws, the Pacific Legal Foundation is seeking funds on a national basis.
	www.ajdj.com /noccri/new.html (10130 words)

	Online NewsHour: Proposition 209 Update -- December 13, 1996
		What Proposition 209 says is your hands are tied, you can do nothing to eliminate discrimination, while at the same time, what Proposition 209 does is move whites up to the front of the line.
		WARD CONNERLY, Proponent, Proposition 209: The initiative says the state shall not discriminate against or grant preferential treatment to any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting.
		MARK ROSENBAUM: Under Proposition 209, state and local government for the first time in the history of the United States is going to be disabled from passing into law constitutionally permissive programs that specifically address discrimination.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/law/december96/209_12-13.html (1410 words)

	California's Proposition 209 is Upheld by State Supreme Court
		California's Proposition 209 is Upheld by State Supreme Court
	www.adversity.net /Prop209/209frame_MAIN.htm (63 words)

	Feminist Majority Newsletter - volume 8 number 2
		The lawsuit argues that Proposition 209 is unconstitutional because it violates the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution’s 14th Amendment.
		Measures similar to Proposition 209 will be introduced in 1997 in the U.S. Congress and in as many as 28 state legislatures, according to The New York Times.
		alifornia Proposition 209, an amendment to the state constitution which attempts to outlaw affirmative action programs for women and minorities in public employment, public contracting, and public education and weakens sex discrimination law, narrowly passed (54%-46%) after having enjoyed initial support as high as 70%.
	www.feminist.org /research/report/84_toc.html (1205 words)

	Proposition 209
		This sub-page is devoted to investigating the aftermath of the passing of Proposition 209 -- the elimination of affirmative action programs -- in California in November of 1996.
		In the 1995-96 academic year, women were 35.8 percent of UC's hires, but in the 1999-2000 academic year, after the passage of Proposition 209 and a UC Regents resolution ending the use of affirmative action, 25.1 percent of faculty hires were women.
		The proposal by University of California Regent Ward Connerly is considered an extension of Proposition 209, his successful anti-affirmative action measure, and could once again inject heated debate over race into a gubernatorial election.
	aad.english.ucsb.edu /pages/Prop-209.html (4062 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Affirmative Action Links & Resources
		California's Proposition 209 passed in the November 1996 election by a 54-46 percent vote.
		Map showing percentage of votes by county for Proposition 209.
		Piscataway Board of Education case, filed August 8, 1996.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/links.htm (342 words)

	Prentice Hall Documents Library: California Civil Rights Initiative (1996)
		The California Civil Rights Initiative (CCRI), also known as Proposition 209, was passed in the election of November, 1996, by 54% of those voting.
		It was presented to California voters as an anti-discrimination measure but its effect was to bring an end to many affirmative action programs in the state.
		(g) The remedies available for violations of this section shall be the same, regardless of the injured party's race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin, as are otherwise available for violations of then-existing California antidiscrimination law.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/burns3/medialib/docs/calif.htm (560 words)

	CNN - California Prop 209 taken to court - Nov. 26, 1996
		SAN FRANCISCO (CNN) -- Opponents of California's Proposition 209 asked a federal judge Monday to keep the state's governor and attorney general from implementing the anti-affirmative action measure before the initiative comes before a court next month.
		CNN - California Prop 209 taken to court - Nov. 26, 1996
		Proposition 209 was approved by voters earlier this month.
	www.cnn.com /US/9611/25/briefs.pm/209.html (189 words)

	civilrights.org -- Civil Rights Groups: Proposition 54 Defeat is Victory for All
		The campaign to pass Proposition 54 was led by Ward Connerly, who also was the primary force behind California’s Proposition 209 in 1996, which banned affirmative action programs in the state.
		“Unlike with Proposition 209, the voters of California were fully aware of the implications of the so-called Racial Privacy Initiative and made the wise decision to reject it,” said Marisa Demeo, regional counsel and director of the Washington office of the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund.
		“The voters of California have spoken clearly and forcefully that the collection of data is a critical tool in the process by which the state attempts to protect individuals from discrimination in areas including law enforcement, monitors and prevents disease, and ensures that all children have an equal opportunity to education.”
	www.civilrights.org /issues/affirmative/details.cfm?id=16655 (479 words)

	RESOLUTION ON
		RESOLUTION ON At it meeting of October 8, 1996, the Academic Senate approved the following resolution on Proposition 209, California Civil Rights Initiative (CCRI):
		That the Academic Senate of San Francisco State University oppose Proposition 209 as detrimental to the University's efforts to promote diversity, equal access, and equal opportunity for students, faculty, and staff.
		If passed, Proposition 209 would have a negative impact on diversity among students, faculty, and staff of the California State University system and would likewise erode efforts to promote appreciation of diversity; and
	www.sfsu.edu /~senate/resolutions/RF96-149.html (268 words)

	Girardeau A. Spann, Proposition 209, 47 Duke L. J. 187 (1997)
		Proposition 209 was adopted by the voters of California as a ballot initiative in the November 5, 1996 general election, by a margin of 54 to 46 percent of the nearly 9 million votes cast.
		California law presently contains a number of race- and gender-related programs that were valid under state and federal law prior to the adoption of Proposition 209, but whose validity after adoption of the ballot initiative is uncertain.
		Proposition 209 is also replete with the naughty fascination of forbidden temptation, because of the bewitching possibility that it might be merely a ruse.
	www.law.duke.edu /journals/dlj/articles/DLJ47P187.HTM (268 words)

	Girardeau A. Spann, Proposition 209, 47 Duke L. J. 187 (1997)
		Proposition 209 was adopted by the voters of California as a ballot initiative in the November 5, 1996 general election, by a margin of 54 to 46 percent of the nearly 9 million votes cast.
		California law presently contains a number of race- and gender-related programs that were valid under state and federal law prior to the adoption of Proposition 209, but whose validity after adoption of the ballot initiative is uncertain.
		Proposition 209 is also replete with the naughty fascination of forbidden temptation, because of the bewitching possibility that it might be merely a ruse.
	www.law.duke.edu /journals/dlj/articles/DLJ47P187.HTM (268 words)

	Racial Issues
		* Proposition 209 was passed by the voters of California in 1996.
		* After Proposition 209 passed, the ACLU attempted to have a federal district court overturn it.
		* Their position paper on Proposition 209 states that they support affirmative action programs, provided they meet Bill Clinton’s “standards of fairness” which he outlined in 1995.
	www.justfacts.com /racial_issues.htm (13889 words)

	Campaigns
		Proposition 54 was the brainchild of capital businessman Ward Connerly, who spearheaded Proposition 209, the 1996 measure that banned the use of racial and ethnic preferences in state public hiring, contracting and university admissions.
		Connerly, a University of California regent, said Proposition 54 was the logical next step in California's march toward a race-neutral society.
		Maria Blanco, senior counsel for the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund, said MALDEF, the California Teachers Association, Californians for Justice, the Bay Area Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights, Kaiser Permanente and other organizations targeted the initiative for defeat two years ago, before it had even qualified for the ballot.
	www.dsausa.org /antiracism/campaigns/prop54.html (1232 words)

	The Militant - Dec. 20, 1999 -- Opponents of immigrant rights try to revive Proposition 187 in California
		Proposition 209, the so-called "California Civil Rights Initiative" that sought to prohibit all state affirmative action programs, was placed on the November 1996 ballot and adopted.
		SAN FRANCISCO—Three months after California governor Gray Davis ended the state government's appeal of a court ruling striking down most of the provisions of California Proposition 187, sponsors of the anti-immigrant ballot measure announced that they are returning with a new edition of the law for placement on the ballot next year.
		Under Proposition 187, which was approved in a 1994 referendum, so-called illegal immigrants were to be denied access to public education, health care, and other social services.
	www.themilitant.com /1999/6345/634556.html (957 words)

	North Gate News Online :: Defeated Proposition 54 Backers Promise Another Try
		Connerly also spearheaded Proposition 209 in 1996, which banned preferential consideration of race in public employment, education and contracts in California.
		Despite California voters' overwhelming opposition to Proposition 54, the American Civil Rights Coalition vowed Wednesday to revise the measure for a future election with help from the medical community.
		Billed as the "racial privacy initiative," Proposition 54 faced criticism from medical, educational and civil liberties organizations, which claimed it would undermine medical research, public health, equity in education and the ability to identify and address racial discrimination.
	journalism.berkeley.edu /ngno/stories/001221.html (541 words)

	Human Events: Proposition 54 soundly defeated in California
		In 1996, he successfully promoted California's Proposition 209, which prohibited the state from using race as a factor in school admissions, state jobs and state contracts.
		Asked whether the proposition was hurt by Schwarzenegger's remarks during the campaign calling Prop 54 supporters "right-wing crazies," Schachterle replied, "It certainly didn't do any good." However, she said, "He said very little about it, on the whole." She conceded that Schwarzenegger's active support "could have" helped Prop 54 succeed.
		Prop 54 supporters blamed the defeat on the opposition's scare tactics and massive spending and the belief that the recall effort itself dried up conservative funds.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3827/is_200310/ai_n9315473 (651 words)

	Mixed Media Watch - tracking media representations of mixed people » Blog Archive » WARD WATCH: $250,000 for Ward, no strings attached
		He had success with Proposition 209 (1996), weaning California women and “minorities” off this whining, circular, self-immolating dependency on preferences.
		(Btw: California is all “minority"; “whites” now below 50%.) Connerly enjoyed influence that reached into a few other states, their also ending “race"-based state affirmative action.
		When Ward Connerly took the podium in the Kennedy Center’s Terrace Theater last night, he started out by describing his long days battling the numerous, and often vehement, proponents of affirmative action who regularly attacked him during his 12-year tenure – he used the word “sentence” – on the California Board of Regents.
	www.mixedmediawatch.com /index.php/archives/2005/02/ward-watch-250000-for-ward-no-strings-attached (879 words)

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