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Topic: California and the Civil War

	California and the Civil War: The California Column and the March to Tucson, 1862
		California and the Civil War: The California Column and the March to Tucson, 1862
		At the begining of the Civil War in 1861 the United States withdrew all regular U. Army troops from the west and southwest to the east, leaving only local militia and volunteers to defend the frontier.
		Ordered to march and occupy Fort Yuma on the California side of the Colorado River plus the town of Yuma on the Arizona side which at that time was the second largest settlement in Arizona, population 1,400.
	www.militarymuseum.org /CaliforniaColumn.html (1356 words)

	Civil War in the West--Last updated 02/04/02
		California in the Civil War The State of California is credited with providing 15,725 volunteers to the Union Armies during the Civil War.
		The California Column From January to August, 1862, volunteers were gathered at Fort Yuma, 2,350 rank and file, and marched from Yuma to the Rio Grande and into Texas, a distance of over 1,000 miles, establishing and manning depots, forts and other points, under the harshest of conditions.
		Civil War in New Mexico Many people do not know that the Civil War was fought as far west as New Mexico, but in fact there was a vigorous campaign conducted there.
	www.over-land.com /civilwar.html (1292 words)

	California and The Civil War
		California raised upwards of 15,000 volunteer troops during the Civil War.
		For the most part the men of the California Volunteer regiments spent their time manning frontier forts throughout the West, relieving thousands of Regular Army troops who were able to go east to the scene of the main war.
		During the war California’s Southern population endured harsh measures such as arrests for suspected treason and the censorship of newspapers with Southern viewpoints.
	www.eclectichistorian.net /CACW (3232 words)

	California in the Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		California was settled primarily by Midwestern and Southern farmers, miners and businessmen.
		The California Troops, known as the California Column, were under the command of General James H. Carleton and were composed of the 1st Regiment of Cavalry, 1st Battalion of Native Cavalry, and the 1st, 5th and 7th Infantry Regiments, which served in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.
		California soldiers did not participate in any of the major battles of the war, but were concerned with a variety of assignments, all in the West.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/California_in_the_Civil_War (4680 words)

	California and the Civil War: Who's Got the Gold?
		This immense treasure fed the coffers of the Union in its trials with the Confederacy and marked California as a prime target for Southern sympathizers.
		At war's outbreak, there was in the seven Confederate states only $27,000,000 in specie, beyond that lay nothing save the dubious expedients of credit and confidence.
		California did recognize the services of its volunteers by providing pensions for soldiers, sailors and marines, a retirement for veterans, benefits for widows and orphans and burial allowances.
	www.militarymuseum.org /Gold.html (757 words)

	Civil War Roundtable
		The Civil War Round Table of Orange County, California was founded in January 1998.
		The CWRTOC,CA sponsored the West Coast Civil War Conference held at the Raddison Resort at Knotts Berry Farm November 9 - 11, 2001.
		The theme of this conference was "The 1862 Maryland Campaign" featuring national Civil War historians Brian Pohanka and Joseph Harsh.
	www.huntingtonbeachevents.com /civil-war-rountable.html (425 words)

	FTHA History - Fort Tejon and California in the Civil War
		California and the rest of the Pacific and Southwest played an important and largely ignored role in securing the region for the Union during the Civil War.
		They did meet and close with Confederate troops in the Southwest as part of the "California Column." The California Volunteers served their country from July, 1861 to January, 1867, when the last troops were mustered out of service.
		The rapidly expanding war in the eastern United States forced the government to recall the Army to the new seat of hostilities as fast as possible.
	www.forttejon.org /historycw.html (1654 words)

	California Military History: California and the Civil War
		California is credited with providing 15,725 volunteers for her own units, plus five companies for the Massachusetts Cavalry and eight for the Washington Territory Infantry.
		Carleton was a 20-year veteran of the Amy who had fought in the Mexican War during the 1840s and in engagements with Indian during the 1850s, He attained the rank of major before he retired and settled in California.
		The skirmish was indecisive but it did constitute the westernmost action of the Civil War, a fact largely unknown even to historians who specialize in the war.
	www.militarymuseum.org /HistoryCW.html (2487 words)

	U.S. keeps California free - Civil War - The Washington Times, America's Newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		California had been a state for a little more than a decade when the first shots of the Civil War were fired at Fort Sumter in April 1861.
		When news of Fort Sumter reached California, much of the garrison at Fort Tejon, including the 1st Dragoons, was transferred east, where the soldiers fought in several Civil War battles.
		The march of the California Column was a response to the Confederacy's attempt early in the war to gain control of the Southwest, including the New Mexico territory (Arizona, New Mexico and parts of Nevada) and California.
	www.washtimes.com /civilwar/20050826-090147-9507r.htm (567 words)

	World War II Slave Labor, Holocaust & Armenian Genocide Claims - Civil Rights - California Dept. of Justice - Office of ...
		The California Code of Civil Procedure section 354.6 extends the statute of limitations for claims brought for wages and injuries of persons who were forced to work for companies in Nazi Germany or its allies during World War II.
		At issue in this case is the constitutionality of California Code of Civil Procedure section 354.6, which extends the statute of limitations for claims for unpaid wages and injury suffered by persons who were forced to work for little or no pay for private companies in Nazi Germany and its allies during World War II.
		In the amicus brief, the Attorney General argues that section 354.6 does not violate the Due Process or Foreign Commerce Clauses of the U.S. Constitution, does not raise political questions that are nonjusticiable, and that the statute does not interfere with the foreign affairs powers reserved to the federal government.
	ag.ca.gov /civilrights/sections/wwar.htm (707 words)

	The 1998 California Sprint Car Civil War Race Series; a Season Review
		Despite the inclement weather, all 13 of the scheduled Civil War events took place and when mother nature wasn't dominating the headlines 17-year-old Roger Crockett of Rio Linda was doing just that.
		In addition to the top ten drivers, the 1998 Civil War Series had a number of drivers who raced the series on a part-time basis and many of these drivers had success during there appearances.
		Plans are now in works to complete and release the 1999 California Sprint Car Civil War Civil War Race Series schedule, one that is sure to bring excitement to at least five different California tracks, one of which will be entirely new to the Civil War Series.
	www.theautochannel.com /news/date/19981206/news001236.html (1096 words)

	Snakes in the Grass: Copperheads in Contra Costa?
		During the Civil War, anti-war Democrats were labeled by the Republican press as "Copperheads." Many supported the Confederate States of America.
		In Southern California the Mexican population, particularly members of the old upper class, were actively wooed by Confederate agents.
		Gilbert, Benjamin F., December 1961, California and the Civil War: A Bibliographical Essay, The California Historical Society Quarterly, Vol.
	www.cocohistory.com /essays-copperheads.html (2180 words)

	LA Civil War Round Table
		Civil War Maps: From the Library of Congress.
		Civil War Interactive: The Daily Newspaper of the Civil War.
		Civil War @ the Smithsonian: Features more than 250 images taken from uniforms, paintings, photographs and other artifacts.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Academy/2763 (300 words)

	California Historian
		The troops’ destination was Fort Yuma, California, where the rest of the force, 2,000 strong, that history would call the “California Column” were mustering, waiting to march.
		The State of California and the City of Los Angeles have established a museum of Civil War artifacts in the junior officers’ quarters.
		The mansion’s 14rooms contain Civil War artifacts, weapons, paintings of Barracks commanders, a library dedicated to the study of the Civil War and southern California history and several rooms laid out as they might have appeared during the period.
	www.californiahistorian.com /articles/drum-barracks.html (2098 words)

	JPM - California Sprint Car CIVIL WAR Series
		Civil War Sprint Cars return to Petaluma Saturday night for 13th round of competition
		The Hoosier Racing Tires Civil War Sprint Car Series will kick off its final three week stretch of the 2007 racing season this Saturday night when it returns to Petaluma Speedway for the 13th round of competition.
		The Hoosier Racing Tires Civil War Sprint Car Series returned to action Friday night at Silver Dollar Speedway in Chico for the first of two back to back events at two different California race tracks this weekend.
	www.johnpadjenmotorsports.com /civilWar/index.html (560 words)

	Civil War Unit
		Objective: To have students gain a better understanding of why the Civil War was fought and to understand that it involved more than just soldiers and was more than just battles.
		The purpose of this lesson is to let the students know that the war was not fought and run by men alone, and that many women played many important roles.
		Assessment: On their own each student will pick a famous women of the civil war and type a three to four page report on the women of their choice.This project should take approximately 10 hour to complete.
	www.easternct.edu /depts/edu/units/civilwar.html (1978 words)

	American Civil War Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Fierce Civil War battles had been fought at Fort Craig, Val Verde, Glorietta Pass, Peralta, and Mesilla in New Mexico Territory in 1861 and 1862.
		The control of California by Union forces was culminated with the advance of the California Column marching to Fort Yuma, thus reclaiming the Southwest from retreating Confederate forces.
		Little is it known that California was often very divided on the issue of secession during the Civil War.
	www.acws.net /California.htm (346 words)

	Paul Besceglia - U.S. Civil War - California Column
		The California column consisted of approximately 2,000 troops.
		The fort was re-christened Fort Sanford in honor of the Governor of California.
		Colton, Ray C. The Civil War in the Western Territories.
	history.sandiego.edu /gen/st/~paulb/uscivilwar/cc.html (675 words)

	Living History Reenactment Battle Demonstrations of the American Civil War at Fort Tejon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		California and the rest of the Pacific and Southwest played an important and largely ignored role in securing the region for the
		Union during the Civil War in the Pacific.
		The rapidly expanding war in the eastern United States forced the government to recall the Army to the new seat of hostilities as
	www.rhythmontherock.com /fort_tejon_photo_gallery.html (496 words)

	Civil War Resources on The Web
		North and South on the Eve of the Civil War
		For the Relief of the Soldiers: Yarmouth in the Civil War
		Civil War monument at the Courthouse in Aurora
	www.civilwarhome.com /cwinfo.htm (952 words)

	Civil War Circuit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		We are dedicated to the preservation of all Civil War history, focusing on the role of the United States Regulars during the war.
		Civil War Ironclads to be available in paper(card stock) and basswood in 1/185 scale.
		Called the turning point of the Civil War and High Water Mark of the Confederacy, Gettysburg remains one of the most intensly studied and documented battles of the Civil War today.
	l.webring.com /hub?ring=cwcirc (2418 words)

	Amazon.com: The Civil War in Arizona: The Story of the California Volunteers, 1861-1865: Books: Andrew E. Masich (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Civil War in Arizona offers fascinating insights into one on the least understood theaters of the Civil War--including desert campaigning against Confederates, Apaches, and even Maximilian's French-backed forces south of the Mexican border.
		The author follows the California Column into Arizona and recounts the westernmost skirmishes of the war--all the way to the bloody banks of the Colorado River, just north of Ft Yuma.
		But the real impact of the war turns out to be the tragic decimation of the tribes deemed "hostile" by the US government and the settling of the territory by the volunteer soldiers.
	www.amazon.com /Civil-War-Arizona-California-Volunteers/dp/0806137479 (1051 words)

	FTHA California Volunteers Program
		August 14, 1861 the State of California was asked to furnish three regiments of infantry by the Lincoln Administration in its efforts to quell the secessionist serpent in the South.
		In command of the fort was Capt. James M. Ropes of the 2nd Cal. Cav., Co. G. Upon the arrival of Company G, 2nd Infantry, Capt. John C. Schimdt of the 2nd Cal. Cav.
		Fort Tejon and California in the Civil War
	www.forttejon.org /progcv.html (333 words)

	Civil War Cemeteries, Battle Grounds, and Memorials - All-Info About - Genealogy
		The American Civil War Research Database is a historic effort to compile and link all available records of common soldiers in the Civil War.
		Civil War Veterans Buried in Australia and New Zealand
		By the Department of Michigan, Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War.
	genealogy.allinfoabout.com /military/civilwarmemorials.html (890 words)

	Conte American Civil War Toy Soldiers & Miniatures
		This toy soldier series is recommended for use with Britains Civil War toy soldier Collection.
		The American Civil War Generals and Leaders Series replicates the individual leaders, and personalities that shaped the outcome of the war.
		Keith is one of the finest modern artistic chroniclers of the Civil War.
	www.sierratoysoldier.com /conte_american_civil_war_collection.htm (371 words)

	The American Civil War Homepage
		The Civil War, Slavery, and Reconstruction in Missouri
		Indiana's and Kentucky's German-Americans in the Civil War
		Civil War Plymouth Pilgrims Descendants Society (survivors of the Battle of Plymouth, NC)
	sunsite.utk.edu /civil-war/warweb.html (4195 words)

	SUVCW-- Civil War History and Related Links
		Civil War Veterans in Snohomish County, Washington State
		The Civil War on the Radio (what if reporters were there......)
		Civil War Weekly: A Journal of the American Civil War
	suvcw.org /cwhist.htm (438 words)

	Canadians Civil War IN California Regiments
		Canada at the time of the American Civil War was only a Colonie of Great Britain.
		Canada became a country in 1867 partially because of the Civil War.
		You have been hearing thrue the news that war is comming to the States.
	members.tripod.com /PvtChurch/basic/why.html (661 words)

	USCWC -- Miscellaneous, General Information, and Facts about States in the Civil War
		Civil War Indiana Indiana in the Civil War
		The Civil War on Ocracoke and Portsmouth Islands
		The Civil War, Reconstruction, and Recovery in Brazoria County, Texas
	www.cwc.lsu.edu /links/cwinfo.htm (642 words)

	California Civil War Signal Corps>
		We also belong to the National Civil War Association (NCWA) (http://www.ncwa.org/), where the signal detachment is attached to the Union brigade staff.
		We concentrated on simple preconcerted flag signals to send intelligence information as well as signals to deploy the infantry and artillery forward.It was basic communications, but it did work and we’re planning for a more involved impression this coming year.
		The OR is the key primary source for Civil War research.
	www.civilwarsignal.org /californiasite.htm (799 words)

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