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Topic: Calophyllum

	Welcome to the Jeanne Rose Web Site for all your Aromatherapy Needs
		Calophyllum oil has been an important part of Pacific Island folk medicine for a wide range of skin disorders and conditions, from superficial burns and scrapes to neuralgia and fissures.
		Calophyllum is used as a treatment for various problems of the hair and scalp, for eczema, psoriasis and facial neuralgia as well.
		Calophyllum has a mild and pleasant aroma and is ideal to be used in lotions, creams, ointments and many other cosmetic products.
	www.jeannerose.net /articles/calophyllum.html (1546 words)

	100% True Tamanu Oil 1/2 ounce
		Calophyllum B — an antibiotic xanthone which inhibits the growth of P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis.
		Goh, S.H., Jantan, Ibrahim, J., A xanthone from Calophyllum inophyllum.
		Lederer, E., Dietrich, P., Polonsky, J. On the chemical constitution of Calophylloide and calophyllic acid from the nuts of Calophyllum inophyllum.
	www.harvesthealth.com /10trtaoil12o.html (1895 words)

	White Lotus Aromatics Newsletters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The oil is applied to suppurating wounds including coral sores and is commonly used for rubbing on the limbs of children who are slow in learning to walk.
		Calophyllum B-an antibiotic xanthone that inhibits the growth of P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis.
		A member of the mangosteen family with the scientific name of Calophyllum inophyllum, kamani was brought north to Hawai`i from the South Pacific islands in early migrations of Polynesian settlers.
	www.whitelotusaromatics.com /newsletters/27Tamanu.html (1629 words)

	Calophyllum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Calophyllum piaroanum A. Castillo & C. Gil, Ernstia ser.
		Calophyllum brasiliense is here treated as a widespread and somewhat variable species.
		Detailed biosystematic study of this genus in South America is needed to resolve the taxonomy.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/research/ven-guayana/clusiaceae/calophyl.html (236 words)

	[No title]
		Caledonixanthone, caloxanthone, and caledonic acid were newly isolated from Calophyllum caledonicum along with 7 known compounds in which calolongic acid 4 and isocalolongic acid 7 could reduce respiration of pea seed mitochondria with antifungal action against Aspergillus fumigatus.
		Isolation of 3 new coumarins brasimarins A (2), B (3), and C (4) along with 11 known coumarins from Calophyllum brasiliense and their cancer chemopreventive activity on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Raji cells were reported.
		[The piscicidal constituents of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.] Kawazu 1968
	www.herbmed.org /viewherb.asp?varHerb_ID=19 (1461 words)

	Tamanu Review
		Such is the case with tamanu oil Calophyllum inophyllum (fam.Guttiferae), a traditional remedy with a history of native use in Polynesia and Southeast Asia.
		The tree is indigenous to Southeast Asia, and is found in Thailand, Vietnam, Burma, Malaysia, South India, Ceylon, and throughout the numerous islands of Melanesia and Polynesia.
		When the fruits of the Calophyllum inophyllum tree are collected and cracked open, the blond nut kernel inside contains little apparent oil upon pressing or grinding.
	www.medicinehunter.com /tamanu1.htm (2176 words)

	TSN Calophyllum 48 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Species of the genus marketed under the trade name calophyllum occur from Madagascar, India, throughout south-east Asia, across the Pacific Islands and also in South America and the West Indies.
		Four species of Calophyllum occur in north Queensland rainforests, but are marketed under different trade names.
		Calophyllum saws and machines well, though irregular, interlocked grain may make finishing difficult.
	www.dpi.qld.gov.au /hardwoodsqld/8246.html (499 words)

	Welcome to the Jeanne Rose Web Site for all your Aromatherapy Needs
		While studying the uses of this oil, I found that it was indicated internally for Epstein Barr, chronic fatigue syndrome, whooping cough, and could be applied externally as a relief for shingles, or tired muscles.
		Calophyllum, on the other hand, is not an essential oil but a vegetable oil that is cold-pressed from the fruit and seed together.
		Calophyllum inophyllum in olive oil and one week of Basil in olive oil on my grandfather's shingles, that the skin on his head is healing.
	www.jeannerose.net /articles/shingles.html (609 words)

	EROS Data Center International Program Archived Special Feature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Manilkara bidentata and Calophyllum calaba are often associated with Pterocarpus officinalis in non riparian basins, in Puerto Rico.
		CONCEPT: Submontane forest community with Calophyllum calaba and Calyptronoma occidentalis, occurring between 500 and 800 m elevation in Jamaica, on yellowish-brown soils derived from limestone bedrocks.
		This forest association is co-dominated by Hibiscus elatus and Calophyllum calaba and has a high frequency and abundance of macro- and mesophyllous climbers and xerophytic epiphytes (Tillandsia spp.).
	edcintl.cr.usgs.gov /tnc/products/report/append1.html (11848 words)

	Nature's Medicine Chest - Tracking Down a Power Plant
		But on their return, scientists were alarmed to discover that the original tree had vanished, cut down along with the rain forest that had surrounded it.
		Other Calophyllum trees still stood, but they turned out to be a different species with no anti-HIV properties.
		After a lot of taxonomic study, the species of Calophyllum originally misidentified, was finally determined to be Calophyllum calanolides.
	sciencebulletins.amnh.org /biobulletin/biobulletin/story652.html (167 words)

	Nature's Medicine Chest - Tracking Down a Power Plant
		This Calophyllum tree has been carefully incised with a rubber tapper into the bark, and latex is being collected.
		Bio-prospectors collect plants that are already known by the local people to have medicinal properties, but they also take material from lots of other trees and plants.
		The results were remarkable: "The Calophyllum extract provided 100 percent protection against the cytopathic effects of HIV-I infection and essentially halted HIV-I replication." In other words, the plant extract arrested HIV-related cell degeneration and stopped the virus from multiplying.
	sciencebulletins.amnh.org /biobulletin/biobulletin/story651.html (154 words)

	Saving Plants that May Save Us
		It was an extract of a small tree in the Bornean forest called Calophyllum, but when researchers rushed back to the site where it had been collected, the tree had already been cut down.
		They took samples from Calophyllum trees nearby, but extracts made from those trees proved ineffective against the AIDS virus.
		The sample was examined by Peter Stevens, a Harvard biology professor and a Calophyllum expert.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/1999/02.18/plants.html (1170 words)

	The inophyllums, novel inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase isolated from the Malaysian tree, Calophyllum ...
		The inophyllums, novel inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase isolated from the Malaysian tree, Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.
		Fractionation of the extract yielded inophyllums A, B, C, and E and calophyllolide (1a, 2a, 3a, 3b, and 6), previously isolated from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn., a known source of nutrition for A. fulica.
		From a methanol/methylene chloride extract of C. inophyllum, the same natural products in considerably greater yield were isolated in addition to a novel enantiomer of soulattrolide (4), inophyllum P (2b), and two other novel compounds, inophyllums G-1 (7) and G-2 (8).
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1994/apr/M9440040.html (532 words)

	BoDD (Botanical Dermatology Database) - GUTTIFERAE
		Calophyllum L. Mabberley (1987) notes that this genus comprises 187 species found mostly in IndoMalaysia.
		The timber from this tree is known as Borneo mahogany.
		Farmer PW (1941) The patch test as a means of diagnosis in contact dermatitis.
	bodd.cf.ac.uk /BotDermFolder/BotDermG/GUTT.html (5069 words)

	3-24.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Contribution to an evaluation of tree species using the new CITES Listing Criteria 278 Calophyllum papuanum Guttiferae Distribution Indonesia (Irian Jaya, Moluccas), Papua New Guinea Habitat This canopy tree is usually found in colline or montane forest up to 1850m, sometimes in depleted Agathis forest, rarely occurring in swamp forest.
		Population Status and Trends It is expected that Calophyllum species will be more heavily harvested when other timber supplies have become exhausted.
		IUCN Conservation category LRlc according to Stevens (1997) Conservation Measures Forest Management and Silviculture Preliminary data from Peninsular Malaysia indicate that members of the genus may be slow-growing, taking 70 years to attain a diameter of 50cm.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /species/tree_study/asia/3-24.html (219 words)

	Arnold Arboretum Launches $8.2M Capital Campaign
		He sent a batch of leaf and twig material back to the National Cancer Institute in Maryland, which had given him a grant for the project.
		The world's expert on the genus Calophyllum is Professor of Biology Peter F. Stevens, a member of the Arnold Arboretum staff who also teaches botany to Harvard undergraduates.
		Stevens then told the Institute they could find Calophyllum lanigerum growing in the Singapore Botanic Garden, where he had seen it on several occasions.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/1996/07.03/ArnoldArboretum.html (1030 words)

	iHerb: HerbalGram The Journal of the American Botanical Council
		Such is the case with tamanu oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L., Guttiferae), a traditional remedy with a history of native use in Polynesia and Southeast Asia.
		The name of the genus Calophyllum means “beautiful leaf,” from the Greek kalos (beautiful) and phullon (leaf).
		The tree is indigenous to Southeast Asia, and it is found in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Malaysia, South India, Sri Lanka, and throughout the numerous islands of Melanesia and Polynesia.
	www.herbalgram.org /iherb/herbalgram/articleview.asp?a=2709 (2244 words)

	Anti-HIV drug from rainforest almost lost before its discovery
		One near miss occurred recently with a compound that has shown significant anti-HIV effects, Calanolide A. Calanolide A is derived from Calophyllum lanigerum var austrocoriaceum, an exceedingly rare member of the Guttiferae or mangosteen family.
		Samples of Calophyllum lanigerum var austrocoriaceum were first collected in 1987 on an National Cancer Institute (NCI)-sponsored expedition in Sarawak, Malaysia on the island of Borneo.
		HIV has a life span that can be as short as about 1.5 days from assembly by an infected, effectively hijacked cell through infection of another cell back to assembly by the newly infected cell.
	news.mongabay.com /2005/0913-AIDS.html (1065 words)

	Saving plants that may save us
		An extract of a small tree in the Bornean forest called Calophyllum stopped AIDS, but when researchers rushed back to the site where it had been collected, the tree had already been cut down.
		Researchers took samples from Calophyllum trees nearby, but extracts made from those trees proved ineffective against the AIDS virus.
		To solve the mystery, researchers called on the Harvard Herbaria, which had a preserved sample from the original tree.
	www.researchmatters.harvard.edu /story.php?article_id=191 (222 words)

	3-22.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Role of species in the Ecosystem Threats Utilisation Compared to other Calophyllum the timber is more durable and stronger, with a finer grain.
		Trade The timber is often traded separately as beach calophyllum.
		In the same year Papua New Guinea recorded the export of 231,000m³ of calophyllum logs, valued at an average price of US$156/m³ and Peninsular Malaysia reported the presence of 16,000m³ of Calophyllum sawnwood in exports, valued at an average price of US$167/m³ (ITTO, 1997).
	www.unep-wcmc.org /species/tree_study/asia/3-22.html (332 words)

	Anti-inflammatory and C.N.S. depressant activities of xanthones from Calophyllum inophyllum and Mesua ...
		Anti-inflammatory and C.N.S. depressant activities of xanthones from Calophyllum inophyllum and Mesua ferrea
		The xanthones of Calophyllum inophyllum and Mesua Ferrea namely, dehydrocycloguanandin (DCG), calophyllin-B (CPB), jacareubin (JR), 6-desoxy jacareubin (DJR), mesuaxantbone-A (MXA), mesuaxanthone-B (MXB) and euxanthone (EX) were screened for various pharmacological effects in experimental animals.
		All the xanthones produced varying degrees of C.N.S. depression characterised by ptosis, sedation, decreased spontaneous motor activity, loss of muscle tone, potentiation of pentobarbitone sleeping time and ether anaerthesia in mice and rats.None of the xanthones had any analgesic, antipyretic and anticonvulsant activities.
	www.ijp-online.com /article.asp?issn=0253-7613;year=1980;volume=12;issue=3;spage=181;epage=191;aulast=Gopalakrishnan;type=0 (226 words)

	Foraha - Tamanu Oil - Shea-butter.com
		Foraha Oil is traditionally used by the Polynesians as analgesic for most skin problems.
		Foraha - Calophyllum Virgin oil in 4 floz 125 ml $24.40
		Foraha - Calophyllum Virgin oil in 8 floz 250 ml $47.00
	www.shea-butter.com /oils/tamanu.shtml (198 words)

	Drift Seeds and Drift Fruits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		n equally common drift fruit of the tropical Pacific is called "tamanu" (Calophyllum inophyllum) by the Polynesians.
		The woody, seed-bearing endocarps are polished by native islanders and made into shiny brown leis and necklaces.
		The smooth, ping-pong ball fruits of tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum) commonly drift ashore on beaches of French Polynesia.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /pldec398.htm (7028 words)

	Search Results for calophyllum - Encyclopædia Britannica
		(Calophyllum inophyllum), ornamental plant, of the family Clusiaceae, native to tropical Asia and cultivated as an ornamental for its handsome leathery, glossy foliage and fragrant white flowers.
		Rain forest covers the largest part of the Amazon region, most of the Guianas, southern and eastern Venezuela, the Atlantic slopes of the Brazilian Highlands, and the Pacific coast of Colombia and...
		Expand your search on calophyllum with these databases:
	www.britannica.com /search?query=calophyllum&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (93 words)

	Journal of Ethnopharmacology. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		F.J. Chung, Interests and policies of the state of Sarawak, Malaysia regarding intellectual property rights for plant derived drugs, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 51 (1-3) (1996) pp.
		de Sousa, D.T.O. Martins, Gastroprotective effect from Calophyllum brasiliense Camb.
		H.R.W. Dharmaratne, W.M.N.M. Wijesinghe, V. Thevanasem, Antimicrobial activity of xanthones from Calophyllum species, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Journal of Ethnopharmacology 66 (3) (1999) pp.
	www.elsevier.com /cdweb/journals/03788741/viewer.htt?viewtype=keywords&rangeselected=47 (904 words)

	Print-friendly Plant Profile for Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Print-friendly Plant Profile for Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel)
		Calophyllum inophyllum L. ©; Image generated using gd 1.8
		Taxonomic Serial Number for Calophyllum inophyllum L. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status.
	plants.usda.gov /cgi_bin/plant_profile.cgi?symbol=CAIN4&mode=Print (146 words)

	Trees of the Panama Canal area: Calophyllum longifolium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Trees of the Panama Canal area: Calophyllum longifolium
		Description: A tall canopy tree with a straight, cylindrical trunk, only slightly swollen at the base.
		One is the close relative, Calophyllum brasiliense, which fortunately, is rare.
	ctfs.si.edu /webatlas/english/calolo.html (278 words)

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