
	Where results make sense

Topic: Canadian Cultural Protectionism

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Culture of Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Moreover, political culture which is based on their conducted late 1950 to 1960 in the five nations which are Britain, USA, West Germany, Mexico and Italy, this lead to recognize the political culture within which a liberal democracy is most likely to remain in existence and develop.
		Culture, then, is a study of perfection, and perfection which insists on becoming something rather than in having something, in an inward condition of the mind and spirit, not in an outward set of circumstances.
		Cultural invention has come to mean any innovation that is new and found to be useful to a group of people and expressed in their behaviour but which does not exist as a physical object.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Culture_of_Canada (751 words)

	The Monarchy, the Conservatives, the Future, and Canada
		Canadian federalism likewise remains as disputed and distrusted as ever, with all contemporary talk of it centering around reform and change, rather than a return to some idyllic standard of the past.
		The Canadians whose spirits are celebrated are the working people who built this country and its wealth, and not the corrupt politicians and aristocrats who have saddled it with a legacy of unresolved problems.
		Canadian monarchism is increasingly the domain of left-wingers who use the issue as an outlet to express their underlying feelings of anti-Americanism or cultural protectionism.
	www.filibustercartoons.com /articles-monarchy.php (3657 words)

	Cultural imperialism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting the (A particular society at a particular time and place) culture or language of one nation in another.
		It should be noted that 'cultural imperialism' can refer to either the forced acculturation of a subject population, or to the voluntary embracing of a foreign culture by individuals who do so of their own free will.
		Cultural influence can be seen by the "receiving" culture as either a threat to or an enrichment of its (Click link for more info and facts about cultural identity) cultural identity.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cu/cultural_imperialism.htm (1442 words)

	Cultural_imperialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting the culture or language of one nation in another.
		The Greek culture built gyms, theatres and public baths in places that its adherents conquered (such as ancient Judea, where Greek cultural imperialism sparked a popular revolt), with the effect that the populations became immersed in that culture.
		Cultural imperialism in the twentieth century was primarily connected with the United States and with the Soviet Union, and to a lesser extent with other countries that exert strong influence on neighboring nations.
	www.freecaviar.com /search.php?title=Cultural_imperialism (852 words)

	CANADIAN CULTURAL PROTECTIONISM
		Canadian artists fear that US domination would be even more dramatic had governments not created subsidies, trade barriers and tax policies to protect Canada's cultural marketplace -- and by extension, the identity of the nation itself (3).
		Canadian cable operators were no longer allowed to provide CMT to their subscribers as of Jan. 1, 1995 because of the CRTC decision (5).
		Culture is a highly influential thread in the fabric of a society from which cultural values and cultural identity is established.
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/cmtvcan.htm (2809 words)

	The Cultural Industries Exemption from NAFTA -- Its Parameters
		Certainly the "cultural" aspects of maintaining farms and wheat served as major motivating factors in the establishment of the European CAP program, and they have a lengthy and a very reputable lifespan from Jeffersonian ideas of the agrarian ideal.
		In the NAFTA, the cultural provision directly violates any concepts of MFN because it is not a provision for the NAFTA, it is a provision for the United States and Canada.
		The cultural sector gets nearly 10 percent of its revenues from exports, and foreign sales are associated with more than 50,000 jobs in the cultural field."2 With musicians such as Alanis Morissette, Celine Dion, and Shania Twain and authors including Margaret Atwood and Michael Ondaatje, Canada is, indeed, a primary cultural product producer.
	www.dbtrade.com /publications/nafta.htm (4673 words)

	CULTURE OF CANADA FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		One matter of contention in the effort to study Canadian culture rests in the fact of Canada's bilingualism; there is little reason to question the distinct identities of the English- and French-speaking peoples of Canada.
		Canadian TV stations usually fill their prime times with US shows, often running at the same time as they are broadcast in the US.
		Canadian television, especially supported by the Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation, is the home of a variety of locally-produced shows.
	www.flowergods.com /Culture_of_Canada (1138 words)

	THIRTY-NINTH ANNUAL MEETING (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Canadian delegates opened the discussion of the Softwood Lumber Agreement, with a Member of Parliament from British Columbia arguing that, from his province’s perspective, the agreement was not working; he also noted that the province was being harmed as a result of the crisis in Asia.
		Canadian cultural policy is designed to ensure that its cultural industries can survive and flourish so that Canadian content will continue to be available to Canadians.
		In his opinion, the preservation of cultural identity and diversity was a concern for many countries and, reiterating a concern raised by a Canadian Senator, he urged cultural exemptions that could be used by all countries.
	www.parl.gc.ca /information/InterParl/Associations/U_S/may98/page6-e.htm (1969 words)

	A View of Culture and Arts
		You see this protectionism internationally in types of censorship, which is not merely what we think of as moral censorship, but often cultural and nationalistic censorship and in the form of quotas on cultural imports.
		But we also listen to their perspective, which usually includes a centralized vision of culture, to concerns about the vulnerability of smaller nations to cultural hegemony, and to the importance and difficulty of ensuring growth and vitality in developing nations.
		Culture is not a marble temple flanked by rows of statues.
	www.state.gov /p/io/unesco/51700.htm (2011 words)

	Aboriginal and Other Cultural Minorities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cultural products or programs are identified as those which directly express attitudes, opinions, ideas, values and artistic creativity; provide entertainment; and offer information and analysis concerning the past and present.
		Canadian producers not only have to face high project costs and concomitantly high risks, but do so in an environment where imported cultural products are available at generally much lower unit costs.
		Because the Canadian market is too small to support, on its own, many of the cultural industries' ethnic minority players faced the double challenge of making their work attractive both to mainstream Canadians and to international markets beyond.
	info.wlu.ca /~wwwpress/jrls/cjc/BackIssues/19.3/fraser.html (5846 words)

	The Global Monoculture: 'Free Trade' Versus Culture and Democracy - Global Policy Forum - Globalization
		This, in turn, profoundly affects every culture in the world, basically enforcing a for-profit model on every aspect of society and denigrating any activity that is not, at its core, commercial.
		Although citizens and their governments are still very likely to want to promote the export of their cultural products, they must always retain the right to set fair-trade conditions in order to protect and promote their own stories, history and unique culture.
		It must recognize the importance of maintaining cultural diversity and set out rules that, over time, can be changed, since we cannot know today what form cultural expression may take in the future.
	www.globalpolicy.org /globaliz/cultural/2001/1001mono.htm (1664 words)

	Articles - Cultural imperialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		One of the first known examples of cultural imperialism was extinction of the Etruscan culture and language caused by the influence of the Roman Empire.
		The "receiving" culture does not necessarily perceive this link, but instead absorbs the foreign culture passively through the use of the foreign goods and services.
		In response, various Canadian governments have practiced Canadian cultural protectionism.
	www.centralairconditioners.net /articles/Cultural_imperialism (1006 words)

	Advancing technology threatens cultural policy by Michael Geist
		That decision follows recent Canadian Supreme Court decisions that herald a new era in copyright law by emphasizing the societal goals of the law as exemplified by the need for a balanced approach between the rights of users and those of creators.
		Canadian policy has traditionally relied on marketplace protections, including the blocking of U.S. television services from entry into our market, in order to develop Canadian cultural alternatives.
		Canadian cultural policies to the sidelines by advocating for minimal regulatory intervention.
	www.friends.ca /print/News/Friends_News/archives/articles11080402.asp (1100 words)

	Cultural imperialism at AllExperts
		One of the first known examples of cultural imperialism was extinction of the Etruscan culture and language caused by the influence of the Roman Empire.
		Cultural imperialism in the twentieth century was primarily connected with the United States and with the Soviet Union (see Russification), and to a lesser extent with other countries that exert strong influence on neighboring nations.
		Cultural influence can be seen by the "receiving" culture as either a threat to or an enrichment of its cultural identity.
	en.allexperts.com /e/c/cu/cultural_imperialism.htm (1840 words)

	Martindale Center - Lehigh University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Canadian Studies Institute (CSI) was established in 1984 with the help of the Canadian government.
		The CSI is one of very few Canadian Studies programs housed in a college of business and economics, concentrating primarily on economic and business issues.
		The U.S. and Canada in the 1990s." A unique component of this project was a trip to the Canadian Embassy in January 1994 during which the students presented their research findings to a panel of experts assembled by the embassy’s Academic Affairs Officer.
	www.lehigh.edu /~incntr/programs/canadian.htm (360 words)

	The Chronicle: 6/22/2001: Cultural Policy and the Art of Commerce
		Still, the flavor or timbre of the culture being sold does not seem to matter as much to the U.S. government as the fact that it is being sold -- not lent, borrowed, copied, or shared.
		Sorting out what is a cultural policy and what is an economic policy can get complicated even when a country has overt rules for protecting or spreading its culture.
		It may be that a nation adopts protectionist cultural policies when it fears for the future of its culture.
	homepages.nyu.edu /~sv24/cultpol.html (3145 words)

	CANADIAN CULTURAL PROTECTIONISM
		Canadian artists fear that US domination would be even more dramatic had governments not created subsidies, trade barriers and tax policies to protect Canada's cultural marketplace -- and by extension, the identity of the nation itself (8).
		Canadian publishers argue that if Sports Illustrated was not made an example, and the tax was not imposed, about 50 US consumer magazines with circulations above 50,000 in Canada-- as well as a wide range of trade titles -- could enter the Canadian market and drain a substantial amount of advertising away from Canadian publishers.
		Moving in a circular fashion, culture affects values, which affect attitudes, which affect behavior, which in turn affects culture again.104 Weaver) Following this logic, unnatural outside interferences in the process of cultural change can cause alterations to a culture which can be harmful to cultural identity.
	www.american.edu /TED/sportsil.htm (2103 words)

	Promoting cultural protectionism \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		The convention on diversity is an attempt to legitimize cultural protectionism, and to cloak it in Orwellian rhetoric praising what the convention actually imperils – the autonomy of culture left free to flower and evolve without the supervision of governments.
		Translation: Nations can "protect" their "cultural expressions" against diversity arising from cultural imports than can be stigmatized as threats to social cohesion, and can use means that would be forbidden were the movement of cultural goods and services covered by the World Trade Organization's rules that govern the movement of other goods and services.
		By elsewhere defining cultural goods and services as crucially unlike goods and services that are "solely" economic, the convention implicitly establishes that cultural protectionism is not inhibited by standard free trade agreements.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20051016/news_lz1e16will.html (706 words)

	GS309 Cultural Imperialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As the average Canadian in 1993 spent 22.8 hours a week watching television, one wonders how media imperialism is affecting Canadian culture and sovereignty.
		The second criticism of the cultural imperialism thesis is that it tends to assume that most Third World countries had pure, indigenous, authentic cultures before these American or transnational corporations came along, whereas this is not true.
		Tomlinson speaks of the 'building of cosmopolitan solidarity', the possibility of which derives 'from some powerful modern cultural resources: a combination of the deterritorialization of mundane experience that increasingly opens the world to us, along with the drive to self-realization in lifestyles which are themselves "open" to an expanded mutuality' (Globalization and culture, p207).
	homepages.strath.ac.uk /~his04105/teaching/GS309-L7-cultimperialism.html (2494 words)

	Lois Parkinson Zamora
		In short, cultural spaces are increasingly mobile, volatile, virtual, fungible, and may now be close to becoming something like the opposite of the fixed spatial category of nation upon which comparatists continue to depend.
		In comparison, protections of cultural industries are common throughout the European Union: France passed recently legislation requiring that French radio stations devote forty percent of airtime to French music, and Spain also passed a law requiring that one-fourth to one-third of all movies shown in Spanish theaters to be of Spanish origin (see Carlson 585).
		Decisions about what a culture is, and what it should be, remain the province of those who live in those cultures, not those who would decide from a distance.
	clcwebjournal.lib.purdue.edu /clcweb02-3/zamora02.html (3750 words)

	Asiabooks Catalogue - The Region (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Both the source of migrations and the recipient of cultures from Asia, the Middle East, and beyond, the region has fashioned out of the interplay between its disporic communities, its indigenous peoples, and the historical forces of colonialism, postcolonisalism, nationalism, and transnationalism, new forms of identity, collective and individual, secular and religious.
		This book shows how, through the application of the methods of cultural studies, fresh readings of Southeast Asian societies, can be undertaken, readings that not only reveal fresh facets of the complexity and fascination of the region, but also place it at the centre of the current theoretical debates.
		They show how imported cultural forms can be invested with fresh meaning and transformed by local artists to result in new forms of assertion and resistance that all meet the needs of their particular audiences.
	www.asiabooks.gil.com.au /catalogue/the_region_01.html (7147 words)

	CMC Magazine: Balancing the Global Through the Local
		Canadian community networking, with particular attention paid to the the National Capital FreeNet in Ottawa.
		In their recognition of the continuance of Canadian cultural protectionism, official policy-making bodies such as the Information Highway Advisory Council (IHAC), the
		Alliance for a Connected Canada have recognized that local community-based networks can foster Canadian content, revitalize communities, contribute to network literacy, and reinforce tenets of universal access at the level of service.
	www.december.com /cmc/mag/1997/feb/shacan.html (190 words)

	6/3/99 BW Online--Commentary: Vanquishing Cultural Protectionism: Here's a Good Start
		The new deal between Canada and the U.S. on the thorny subject of cultural protectionism establishes a new precedent for how publications, movies, music, and the arts should be handled across borders.
		But the pact is sure to get attention when the cultural ministers of some 30 governments go to Oaxaca, Mexico, in September for the second meeting of the International Network on Cultural Policy, a group that trades notes on cultural preservation.
		Cultural protectionism, like any other market meddling, usually hurts more than it helps.
	www.businessweek.com /bwdaily/dnflash/june1999/nf90603b.htm (979 words)

	Arts Journal: Cultural Autonomy
		"Cultural protectionism is in vogue throughout Europe, evidence of a growing fear that the continent's old national cultures are under threat.
		CULTURAL AUSTRALIA: "Australian culture is for the most part deeply democratic, and joyously so as well.
		CULTURAL INVESTMENT: Korea plans major investments in its cultural infrastructure to reshape the country's cultural profile over the next ten years.
	www.artsjournal.com /issues/culturalautonomy.htm (2648 words)

	Money, Value, Art
		Quebec, too, was isolated from the rest of the Canadian nation by its antipathy to supplying troops for a war that Canada was fighting on behalf of the British, and by its immersion in the bleakly introverted, religious, and philistine Duplessis regime.
		Many stalwarts of the artist-managed and non-profit cultural sectors were startled to read a petition signed by prominent art dealers and even artists who declared protectionism to be in opposition to artistic practices and sensibilities.
		The arts and cultural sectors have so often attempted to justify themselves with economics-based arguments, but cost-cutting governments and their free-market supporters are securely positioned to reject such arguments.
	www.ccca.ca /c/writing/p/paterson/pat001t.html (2081 words)

	[icd] : : the institute : : high profile network
		The beginnings of cultural exchange are first introduced in the course of a child’s education.
		New York, NY Though often overlooked, the understanding of culture’s role in post-war Iraq is central to the success of the nation’s rebuilding.
		The discussions began with evaluations of the role of government in cultural diplomacy and the impact of globalization on cultural protectionism.
	www.culturaldiplomacy.org /pages/events/hpn (1569 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)